To improve corrosion-resistance of shallow-buried concrete urban utility tunnels(UUTs),basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars are applied to reinforce UUTs.As the UUT must have excellent survival capability under a...To improve corrosion-resistance of shallow-buried concrete urban utility tunnels(UUTs),basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars are applied to reinforce UUTs.As the UUT must have excellent survival capability under accidental explosions,a shallow-buried BFRP bars reinforced UUT(BBRU)was designed and constructed.Repetitive blast experiments were carried out on this BBRU.Dynamic responses,damage evolutions and failure styles of the BBRU under repetitive explosions were revealed.The tunnel roof is the most vulnerable component and longitudinal cracks develop along the tunnel.When the scaled distance is larger than 1.10 m/kg1/3,no cracks are observed in the experiments.When the BBRU is severely damaged,there are five cracks forming and developing along the roof.The roof is simplified as a clamped-supported one-way slab,proved by the observation that the maximum strain of the transverse bar is much larger than that of the longitudinal bar.Dynamic responses of the roof slab are predicted by dynamic Euler beam theory,which can consistently predict the roof displacement under large-scaleddistance explosion.Compared with the UUT reinforced with steel bars,the BBRU has advantages in blast resistance with smaller deflections and more evenly-distributed cracks when the scaled distance is smaller than 1.260 m/kg1/3 and the steel bars enter plastic state.Longer elastic defamation of the BFRP bars endows the UUT more excellent blast resistance under small-scaled-distance explosions.展开更多
Water resource allocation was defined as an input-output question in this paper, and a preliminary input-output index system was set up. Then GEM （group eigenvalue method）-MAUE （multi-attribute utility theory） mod...Water resource allocation was defined as an input-output question in this paper, and a preliminary input-output index system was set up. Then GEM （group eigenvalue method）-MAUE （multi-attribute utility theory） model was applied to evaluate relative efficiency of water resource allocation plans. This model determined weights of indicators by GEM, and assessed the allocation schemes by MAUE. Compared with DEA （Data Envelopment Analysis） or ANN （Artificial Neural Networks）, the mode was more applicable in some cases where decision-makers had preference for certain indicators展开更多
电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)既是交通网的车流负荷,又是电网的用电负荷,它的出行以及充电行为会对交通网和电网的运行规律造成影响。针对电动汽车单体进行随机抽样的传统预测方法,未能从电动汽车群体的移动运行状态考虑,提出了一种...电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)既是交通网的车流负荷,又是电网的用电负荷,它的出行以及充电行为会对交通网和电网的运行规律造成影响。针对电动汽车单体进行随机抽样的传统预测方法,未能从电动汽车群体的移动运行状态考虑,提出了一种基于交通均衡理论的电动汽车充电负荷预测方法。首先在时间和空间两个维度上,分别对电动汽车和路网进行建模,采用A*算法构建电动汽车出行原目的地(origin-destination,OD)对的有效的路径集。计及用户有限理性,引入分时电价制定了一种计及交通流量约束的充电站电价,并结合随机效用理论与分时电价,建立了半动态交通均衡模型来求解交通流的分配。随后基于组合荷电状态(calculation method of combined state of charge,CSOC)的概率数值计算方法对电动汽车充电负荷进行求解。最后,基于上海市新能源汽车数据,分别以改进的13节点路网和上海市某区域路网分析验证了所提充电负荷预测方法的有效性,结果表明所提方法可以降低充电成本,缓解充电站充电压力。展开更多
The threat sequencing of multiple unmanned combat air vehicles(UCAVs) is a multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problem. In the threat sequencing process of multiple UCAVs,due to the strong confrontation and high dyna...The threat sequencing of multiple unmanned combat air vehicles(UCAVs) is a multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problem. In the threat sequencing process of multiple UCAVs,due to the strong confrontation and high dynamics of the air combat environment, the weight coefficients of the threat indicators are usually time-varying. Moreover, the air combat data is difficult to be obtained accurately. In this study, a threat sequencing method of multiple UCAVs is proposed based on game theory by considering the incomplete information. Firstly, a zero-sum game model of decision maker( D) and nature(N)with fuzzy payoffs is established to obtain the uncertain parameters which are the weight coefficient parameters of the threat indicators and the interval parameters of the threat matrix. Then,the established zero-sum game with fuzzy payoffs is transformed into a zero-sum game with crisp payoffs(matrix game) to solve. Moreover, a decision rule is addressed for the threat sequencing problem of multiple UCAVs based on the obtained uncertain parameters. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
基金Supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(51778622,11672130,and 11972184)Social Development Project of Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province(BE2017780)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering(SLDRCE16-01)State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures(MCMS-0217G03)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘To improve corrosion-resistance of shallow-buried concrete urban utility tunnels(UUTs),basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars are applied to reinforce UUTs.As the UUT must have excellent survival capability under accidental explosions,a shallow-buried BFRP bars reinforced UUT(BBRU)was designed and constructed.Repetitive blast experiments were carried out on this BBRU.Dynamic responses,damage evolutions and failure styles of the BBRU under repetitive explosions were revealed.The tunnel roof is the most vulnerable component and longitudinal cracks develop along the tunnel.When the scaled distance is larger than 1.10 m/kg1/3,no cracks are observed in the experiments.When the BBRU is severely damaged,there are five cracks forming and developing along the roof.The roof is simplified as a clamped-supported one-way slab,proved by the observation that the maximum strain of the transverse bar is much larger than that of the longitudinal bar.Dynamic responses of the roof slab are predicted by dynamic Euler beam theory,which can consistently predict the roof displacement under large-scaleddistance explosion.Compared with the UUT reinforced with steel bars,the BBRU has advantages in blast resistance with smaller deflections and more evenly-distributed cracks when the scaled distance is smaller than 1.260 m/kg1/3 and the steel bars enter plastic state.Longer elastic defamation of the BFRP bars endows the UUT more excellent blast resistance under small-scaled-distance explosions.
文摘Water resource allocation was defined as an input-output question in this paper, and a preliminary input-output index system was set up. Then GEM （group eigenvalue method）-MAUE （multi-attribute utility theory） model was applied to evaluate relative efficiency of water resource allocation plans. This model determined weights of indicators by GEM, and assessed the allocation schemes by MAUE. Compared with DEA （Data Envelopment Analysis） or ANN （Artificial Neural Networks）, the mode was more applicable in some cases where decision-makers had preference for certain indicators
文摘电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)既是交通网的车流负荷,又是电网的用电负荷,它的出行以及充电行为会对交通网和电网的运行规律造成影响。针对电动汽车单体进行随机抽样的传统预测方法,未能从电动汽车群体的移动运行状态考虑,提出了一种基于交通均衡理论的电动汽车充电负荷预测方法。首先在时间和空间两个维度上,分别对电动汽车和路网进行建模,采用A*算法构建电动汽车出行原目的地(origin-destination,OD)对的有效的路径集。计及用户有限理性,引入分时电价制定了一种计及交通流量约束的充电站电价,并结合随机效用理论与分时电价,建立了半动态交通均衡模型来求解交通流的分配。随后基于组合荷电状态(calculation method of combined state of charge,CSOC)的概率数值计算方法对电动汽车充电负荷进行求解。最后,基于上海市新能源汽车数据,分别以改进的13节点路网和上海市某区域路网分析验证了所提充电负荷预测方法的有效性,结果表明所提方法可以降低充电成本,缓解充电站充电压力。
基金supported by the Major Projects for Science and Technology Innovation 2030 (2018AAA0100805)。
文摘The threat sequencing of multiple unmanned combat air vehicles(UCAVs) is a multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problem. In the threat sequencing process of multiple UCAVs,due to the strong confrontation and high dynamics of the air combat environment, the weight coefficients of the threat indicators are usually time-varying. Moreover, the air combat data is difficult to be obtained accurately. In this study, a threat sequencing method of multiple UCAVs is proposed based on game theory by considering the incomplete information. Firstly, a zero-sum game model of decision maker( D) and nature(N)with fuzzy payoffs is established to obtain the uncertain parameters which are the weight coefficient parameters of the threat indicators and the interval parameters of the threat matrix. Then,the established zero-sum game with fuzzy payoffs is transformed into a zero-sum game with crisp payoffs(matrix game) to solve. Moreover, a decision rule is addressed for the threat sequencing problem of multiple UCAVs based on the obtained uncertain parameters. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
