It is not reasonable that one can only use the adjoint of model in data assimilation. The simulated numerical experiment shows that for the tidal model, the result of the adjoint of equation is almost the same as that...It is not reasonable that one can only use the adjoint of model in data assimilation. The simulated numerical experiment shows that for the tidal model, the result of the adjoint of equation is almost the same as that of the adjoint of model: the averaged absolute difference of the amplitude between observations and simulation is less than 5.0 cm and that of the phase-lag is less than 5.0°. The results are both in good agreement with the observed M2 tide in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. For comparison, the traditional methods also have been used to simulate M2 tide in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. The initial guess values of the boundary conditions are given first, and then are adjusted to acquire the simulated results that are as close as possible to the observations. As the boundary conditions contain 72 values, which should be adjusted and how to adjust them can only be partially solved by adjusting them many times. The satisfied results are hard to acquire even gigantic efforts are done. Here, the automation of the treatment of the open boundary conditions is realized. The method is unique and superior to the traditional methods. It is emphasized that if the adjoint of equation is used, tedious and complicated mathematical deduction can be avoided. Therefore the adjoint of equation should attract much attention.展开更多
A new method is presented to analyze multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) dynamic systems subjected to an external shock excitation. A two-degree-of-freedom theoretical system with linear characteristics is exemplified to i...A new method is presented to analyze multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) dynamic systems subjected to an external shock excitation. A two-degree-of-freedom theoretical system with linear characteristics is exemplified to illustrate the procedure of this method. The equations of motion of the dynamic system are established via matrix method. The dynamic responses of the dynamic system under an external shock excitation of a half-sine type are obtained by MATLAB and ANSYS. It is proved that the new method is helpful to analyze MDOF dynamic systems.展开更多
In this paper, a 3rd order combination method with three processes and a 4th order combination method with five processes for solving ODEs are discussed. These methods are the Runge-Kutta method combined with a linear...In this paper, a 3rd order combination method with three processes and a 4th order combination method with five processes for solving ODEs are discussed. These methods are the Runge-Kutta method combined with a linear multistep method, which overcomes the defect of the 3rd order parallel Runge-Kutta method discussed in [1].展开更多
The backscattering radar cross section (RCS) of nonorthogonal dihedral corner reflectors coated by RAM (radar absorbing materials) is formulated by the method of PO (physical optics), where singly, doubly, and triply ...The backscattering radar cross section (RCS) of nonorthogonal dihedral corner reflectors coated by RAM (radar absorbing materials) is formulated by the method of PO (physical optics), where singly, doubly, and triply reflected contributions are considered. The final expressions are analytical and allow for the incidence nonperpendicular to the fold axis of the reflector. The results are compared with ones of MoM (method of moment), which shows that the trend of backscatter pattern of the dihedral corner reflector can be well predicted by this method.展开更多
【目的】探究樱桃番茄Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme种质资源在银川平原地区的适应性,评价适合银川平原地区新品种选育的优良樱桃番茄育种材料。【方法】以收集到的100份樱桃番茄种质资源为研究对象,对其主要表型性状进行测定...【目的】探究樱桃番茄Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme种质资源在银川平原地区的适应性,评价适合银川平原地区新品种选育的优良樱桃番茄育种材料。【方法】以收集到的100份樱桃番茄种质资源为研究对象,对其主要表型性状进行测定,利用多元统计法、灰色关联度分析法和DTOPSIS法3种不同的评价方法进行适应性综合评价。基于主成分计算出综合得分,灰色关联度法计算出加权关联度,DTPOSIS法计算出相对贴近度。【结果】100份樱桃番茄的主要表型性状的变异系数在17.78%~306.46%之间,大部分性状间存在显著或极显著相关性。26个表型性状综合成了10个主成分,累计贡献率达71.901%。以3种评价方法对各种质进行排名,结果既有统一性,也有差异性,共有4份材料均排在前10名,分别是T55、T83、T42和T87,表明T55、T83、T42和T87是表现优良的种质,其中T55的表现最为优异。【结论】T55是最适宜银川平原地区栽培的种质材料,可作为重要的育种基础材料;上述3种方法对樱桃番茄的评价结果略有不同,但无巨大差异,说明方法可行,有利于种质资源评价方面的研究。展开更多
文摘It is not reasonable that one can only use the adjoint of model in data assimilation. The simulated numerical experiment shows that for the tidal model, the result of the adjoint of equation is almost the same as that of the adjoint of model: the averaged absolute difference of the amplitude between observations and simulation is less than 5.0 cm and that of the phase-lag is less than 5.0°. The results are both in good agreement with the observed M2 tide in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. For comparison, the traditional methods also have been used to simulate M2 tide in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. The initial guess values of the boundary conditions are given first, and then are adjusted to acquire the simulated results that are as close as possible to the observations. As the boundary conditions contain 72 values, which should be adjusted and how to adjust them can only be partially solved by adjusting them many times. The satisfied results are hard to acquire even gigantic efforts are done. Here, the automation of the treatment of the open boundary conditions is realized. The method is unique and superior to the traditional methods. It is emphasized that if the adjoint of equation is used, tedious and complicated mathematical deduction can be avoided. Therefore the adjoint of equation should attract much attention.
文摘A new method is presented to analyze multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) dynamic systems subjected to an external shock excitation. A two-degree-of-freedom theoretical system with linear characteristics is exemplified to illustrate the procedure of this method. The equations of motion of the dynamic system are established via matrix method. The dynamic responses of the dynamic system under an external shock excitation of a half-sine type are obtained by MATLAB and ANSYS. It is proved that the new method is helpful to analyze MDOF dynamic systems.
文摘In this paper, a 3rd order combination method with three processes and a 4th order combination method with five processes for solving ODEs are discussed. These methods are the Runge-Kutta method combined with a linear multistep method, which overcomes the defect of the 3rd order parallel Runge-Kutta method discussed in [1].
文摘The backscattering radar cross section (RCS) of nonorthogonal dihedral corner reflectors coated by RAM (radar absorbing materials) is formulated by the method of PO (physical optics), where singly, doubly, and triply reflected contributions are considered. The final expressions are analytical and allow for the incidence nonperpendicular to the fold axis of the reflector. The results are compared with ones of MoM (method of moment), which shows that the trend of backscatter pattern of the dihedral corner reflector can be well predicted by this method.
文摘多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)是地下水中的主要有机污染物之一,地下水中多环芳烃运移数值模拟在开展地下水污染高效修复中起重要作用。在实际地下水污染条件下,由于难以准确刻画含水介质中的胶体类型及其分布,通常忽略污染物-胶体共运移机制,建立的模型存在结构误差,导致模型预测具有显著偏差。本研究以荧蒽和菲为研究对象,针对忽略的PAHs-胶体的共运移机制,使用高斯过程回归(Gaussian process regression,GPR)修正模型结构误差,建立耦合数据驱动和物理机制的多环芳烃运移模型。通过饱和砂柱PAHs运移室内试验,对比分析了未耦合和耦合数据驱动方法的模型预测结果。结果表明,忽略PAHs-胶体的共运移机制的地下水多环芳烃运移模型具有显著的模型结构误差,直接进行参数识别不能弥补忽略的共运移机制,预测结果存在显著偏差。使用GPR模型可以有效补偿PAHs-胶体的共运移机制,修正地下水模型的结构误差。验证期荧蒽、菲预测结果的95%置信区间对观测数据的覆盖率分别提升了56.84%和19.04%,纳什系数分别提升了40.09%和21.73%,均方根误差分别降低了33.10%和55.38%,平均绝对误差分别降低了32.00%和46.34%,地下水多环芳烃运移模型的预测性能显著提高。本研究提出的耦合数据驱动和物理机制方法为场地地下水多环芳烃运移精准模拟提供了可行思路,有助于实现地下水污染的精准高效修复。
文摘【目的】探究樱桃番茄Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme种质资源在银川平原地区的适应性,评价适合银川平原地区新品种选育的优良樱桃番茄育种材料。【方法】以收集到的100份樱桃番茄种质资源为研究对象,对其主要表型性状进行测定,利用多元统计法、灰色关联度分析法和DTOPSIS法3种不同的评价方法进行适应性综合评价。基于主成分计算出综合得分,灰色关联度法计算出加权关联度,DTPOSIS法计算出相对贴近度。【结果】100份樱桃番茄的主要表型性状的变异系数在17.78%~306.46%之间,大部分性状间存在显著或极显著相关性。26个表型性状综合成了10个主成分,累计贡献率达71.901%。以3种评价方法对各种质进行排名,结果既有统一性,也有差异性,共有4份材料均排在前10名,分别是T55、T83、T42和T87,表明T55、T83、T42和T87是表现优良的种质,其中T55的表现最为优异。【结论】T55是最适宜银川平原地区栽培的种质材料,可作为重要的育种基础材料;上述3种方法对樱桃番茄的评价结果略有不同,但无巨大差异,说明方法可行,有利于种质资源评价方面的研究。
