Currently,research on N^(6)-methyladenine(m^(6)A)is extensive in the field of oncology,while studies involving m^(6)A and skin diseases remain relatively limited.Based on existing reports,we searched PubMed and Web of...Currently,research on N^(6)-methyladenine(m^(6)A)is extensive in the field of oncology,while studies involving m^(6)A and skin diseases remain relatively limited.Based on existing reports,we searched PubMed and Web of Science for literature related to m^(6)A and dermatological conditions.Analysis of citation counts and journal impact factors revealed a significant upward trend in the volume of m^(6)A-related research.Term frequency analysis of titles and abstracts indicated that studies mainly focus on skin tumors and inflammatory or immune-related skin diseases,particularly melanoma,psoriasis,and skin development.Transcriptomic data from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)were analyzed,revealing differential expression of m^(6)A-related genes in 4 types of skin tumors(including squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma)as well as in inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis,and potential mechanisms of action were also explored.Findings suggest that m^(6)A modifications exhibit heterogeneity between neoplastic and nonneoplastic skin diseases.However,the regulatory mechanisms of m^(6)A dynamic modifications on key genes involved in dermatological disorders remain unclear and warrant further investigation.展开更多
To investigate the mechanisms of apigenin(API)and proanthocyanidins(PC)in soothing sensitive skin(SS),a mast cell degranulation model was established by stimulating RBL-2H3 cells with the calcium ionophore A23187.Base...To investigate the mechanisms of apigenin(API)and proanthocyanidins(PC)in soothing sensitive skin(SS),a mast cell degranulation model was established by stimulating RBL-2H3 cells with the calcium ionophore A23187.Based on the combinatorial experiments,it was found that when API and PC were combined at the molar ratios of 4∶1 and 2∶1,they exhibited the antagonistic effects on histamine release(combination index CI>1);when they are combined at the molar ratios of 1∶1,1∶2 or 1∶4,they showed the synergistic effects on histamine release(CI<1).Among them,the combination of API and PC at a molar ratio of 1∶1 showed the better potent synergistic antihistamine release effect(CI=0.70).Histamine is a hallmark of the mast cell degranulation,consequently,the combination of API and PC at a molar ratio of 1∶1 yields the better efficiency in inhibiting the mast cell degranulation with the lowest IC_(50)value.Compared to the utilization of API or PC alone,the IC_(50)value was reduced by 11.150 and 6.503μmol/L,respectively.Compared to the positive control paeonol(PA),the treatment with the combination significantly reduced theβ-hex secretion,decreased the F-actin cytoskeleton rearrangement,and markedly suppressed the release of TNF-α,IL-4,and MCP-1.Further studies on the signaling pathways related to the mast cell degranulation indicated that the combination effectively inhibited the intracellular Ca^(2+)influx and significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase(CaMK)and phospholipase C/protein kinase C(PLC/PKC).In summary,the combination of API and PC at a molar ratio of 1∶1 exhibited the better synergistic antagonistic effect on the histamine release,inhibited the mast cell degranulation model activation by reducing Ca^(2+)influx and inhibiting the activation of Ca^(2+)/CaMK and PLC/PKC pathways,stabilized the cell membranes,regulated the inflammatory factor secretion,and exerted an effect in alleviating sensitive skin.展开更多
The objective of this research was to assess the potential of phosphatidylcholineencapsulated resveratrol as a cosmetic ingredient.The hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and ultraviolet A(UVA)induced human skin fibroblasts(...The objective of this research was to assess the potential of phosphatidylcholineencapsulated resveratrol as a cosmetic ingredient.The hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and ultraviolet A(UVA)induced human skin fibroblasts(HSF)models of skin damage were established to compare the antioxidant and anti-wrinkle properties between phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol and unencapsulated resveratrol.The findings reveal that encapsulating resveratrol with phosphatidylcholine not only enhances skin absorption but also significantly improves its antioxidant capabilities.In the H2O2-induced HSF injury model,phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol demonstrates a superior ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species(ROS)generated by H2O2 compared to the resveratrol group.Further analysis indicates that this enhanced functionality is associated with increased enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)when treated with phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol.Additionally,in UVA-irradiated HSF cells,phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol effectively reduces the levels of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and-3(MMP-1 and MMP-3)and increased the contents of CollagenⅠand CollagenⅢ(Col-1 and Col-3),demonstrating significant anti-wrinkle effects.These findings provide critical evaluation criteria and application references for enhancing cosmetic ingredients through phosphatidylcholine encapsulation,thereby advancing skincare formulations.展开更多
The sea cucumber is a highly esteemed source of nourishment,recognized as one of the“Eight Treasures of the Sea.”The bioactive compounds derived from sea cucumbers exhibit diverse physiological activities,including ...The sea cucumber is a highly esteemed source of nourishment,recognized as one of the“Eight Treasures of the Sea.”The bioactive compounds derived from sea cucumbers exhibit diverse physiological activities,including anti-tumor,antioxidant,anti-coagulation,anti-viral,anti-fatigue,immune enhancement,cognitive improvement,and metabolic regulation.Notably,within the skincare sector,these compounds demonstrate significant anti-aging,moisturizing,whitening,wrinkle reduction,repair and inhibition of melanin production properties.This article assesses the current state of sea cucumber aquaculture in China and the utilization of its bioactive ingredients in skincare formulations.The objective is to furnish additional raw materials and semi-finished products for China’s skincare and pharmaceutical industries,to advance the integration of sea cucumber bioactive components within these sectors,and to invigorate the rapid development of the tropical sea cucumber breeding industry.展开更多
In order to study the preferred skin color for printing images,two CMYK images from ISO 400 and one from iStock,including five skin color images of East Asian females was selected in this study.The images were adjuste...In order to study the preferred skin color for printing images,two CMYK images from ISO 400 and one from iStock,including five skin color images of East Asian females was selected in this study.The images were adjusted with the CMYK printing ink volume variation of the single,double and triple channels in the given 280%total ink limit conditions.A larger number of color vision normal observers were organized to carry out the color preference evaluation experiment,and the selected preferred skin colors were analyzed.The distribution range of the chromaticity values for skin color images were obtained and the results indicated that there are three regions for printing skin color preferences,and the observers have a memory preference for brighter,fairer skin colors in young female and a reddish skin colors in girl,which can provide the guidance for color adjustment of printed skin color images.展开更多
Plum blossom pile is a new type of special-shaped pile, which is proposed based on the principle of maximum perimeter with the same cross-sectional area. To advance this technique, primarily for the design of plum blo...Plum blossom pile is a new type of special-shaped pile, which is proposed based on the principle of maximum perimeter with the same cross-sectional area. To advance this technique, primarily for the design of plum blossom piles, it is important to investigate the skin friction behavior of plum blossom pile foundations precluding any straightforward constitutive model. In this work, an analytic method dependent on the cross-sectional geometry and the vertical shearing effects is proposed by means of equilibrium analysis to calculate the effective vertical stress in the surrounding soil, the skin friction/negative skin friction, and the axial force/dragload of a plum blossom pile. Additionally, the curves of skin friction of piles are investigated with the same conditions. The results show that the curves of skin friction of piles deduced according to the developed analytic method agree well with the FEM results and related literature solution, which validates the solution. The axial force of the pile decreases with the increase of the shear action coefficient in the buried depth direction under the vertical concentrated load when considering the vertical shearing effects on the pile-soil interfaces.展开更多
A simplified approach was proposed to analyze the negative skin friction calculation of special-shaped pile considering pile-soil interaction under surcharge. Based on the concentric cylinder shearing theory, consider...A simplified approach was proposed to analyze the negative skin friction calculation of special-shaped pile considering pile-soil interaction under surcharge. Based on the concentric cylinder shearing theory, considering the changes of pile shape(such as, taper angle and diameters of pile base, etc.), the load-transfer of special-shaped pile was built. The accuracy of the developed simplified approach was verified by numerical simulation model with the same condition. Then, the influence factors, such as, taper angles, the diameter of pile base, surcharge, and pile-soil interface parameters were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the developed simplified approach can calculate NSF of special-shaped pile under surcharge effectively. A limited parametric study indicates that in many practical situations special-shaped piles(such as belled wedge pile shown in this work) offer a design option that is more economical than traditional uniform cross-section piles.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Hypericin,a powerful naturally photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy(PDT),is suitable for treating skin diseases involving excess capillary proliferation.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the skin ...OBJECTIVE Hypericin,a powerful naturally photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy(PDT),is suitable for treating skin diseases involving excess capillary proliferation.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the skin penetrability of a topically applied hypericin,expecting reducing the risk of prolonged skin photosensitivity,which often occurs after systemic administration.METHODS The Franz diffusion cell assay was performed to evaluate different penetration enhancers.In vivo studies,fluorescence microscopy was performed to examine the distribution of hypericin in the skin,macroscopic and microscopic analyses were also carried out to detect pathological changes in the skin after topical hypericin-PDT treatment.Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of PECAM-1 in the treated skin.RESULTS 5% menthol facilitated hypericin penetrate the skin of nude mice most.The results of in vivo assays revealed that hypericin penetrated nude mice skin,spread to the dermis,and resulted in obvious photosensitivity reaction on the dermal capillaries.Moreover,skin injured by the photosensitive reaction induced by hypericin was replaced by normal skin 7 d after hypericin-PDT treatment.CONCLUSION Topical hypericin could penetrate nude mouse skin well and be great potential in PDT treatment of skin diseases.展开更多
The histological characteristics,distribution and variability of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) during development of skin in the goat fetus were studied with histological and ...The histological characteristics,distribution and variability of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) during development of skin in the goat fetus were studied with histological and immunohistochemical methods.The results showed that the epidermis formed at the 6th gestational week,the thickness increased gradually because of transition from simple epithelium to stratified epithelium,and then decreased after the 15th week.The dermis was present at the 10th week,and the dermal derivatives appeared after the 11th week.All structures of the skin matured gradually during prenatal development.Low expression of EGF and EGFR could be observed at the 6th week and increased thereafter.Before the 11th week,EGF was mainly located in the cytoplasm of the basal layer of cells of epidermis,hair follicular epithelial cells and fibroblasts,and EGFR was mainly located on cell membranes of these cells.From the 11th to 16th week,the expression of EGF and EGFR extended from basal layer cells,prickle cells,hair follicular epithelial cells and fibroblasts to vascular endothelial cells,epithelial cells of sweat glands and arrector pili muscle.EGF was mainly detected cytoplasmically,and EGFR was located on membranes of these cells.From the 17th week to birth,EGF was mainly located in cells of the basal layer and hair follicular epithelial cells as the skin thinned and staining intensity continued to increase.The expressed amount of EGF and EGFR tended to increase throughout the whole development stage encompassed by gestational weeks 6 to 21 and the two components of the EGF signaling system were highly correlated.The results suggest that EGF and EGFR play important roles in the development of skin and its derivatives.展开更多
Microcellular propellants show a vast applicable prospect due to their special shell-pore structure. The effects of saturation pressure and desorption time on skin thickness are studied. The skin thickness is observed...Microcellular propellants show a vast applicable prospect due to their special shell-pore structure. The effects of saturation pressure and desorption time on skin thickness are studied. The skin thickness is observed and measured using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the skin thickness decreases when saturation pressure increases from 15 MPa to 30 MPa. In contrast, the skin thickness increases as the desorption time changes from 2 min to 20 min.Therefore, the microcellular propellants with adjustable skin thickness can be obtained under the variable process conditions such as saturation pressure and desorption time.展开更多
Hydroquinone(HQ)is an phenolic aromatic compound used in cosmetic medicine as skin lightening material since long time ago.Accordingly the several pathological conditions that observed,the use of HQ for this purpose w...Hydroquinone(HQ)is an phenolic aromatic compound used in cosmetic medicine as skin lightening material since long time ago.Accordingly the several pathological conditions that observed,the use of HQ for this purpose was recently contraindicated.The commonly noted health problem associated with hydroquinone use was contact dermatitis.The present study was designed and conducted to determine the HQ presence and concentrations in ten samples of skin lightening cosmetics available in the local market.GC-MS analysis was employed for detection of HQ qualitatively while HPLC analysis was used as a quantitative analysis for determination of the HQ concentrations in each sample.The results obtained indicated that the overall range of HQ levels in all respected samples ranged from 0.0039%to 0.14%.展开更多
The response of biological phantoms against high velocity impact is actively sought for applications in defense,space,soft robotics and sensing.Towards this end,we study the ballistic response of silicone based skin s...The response of biological phantoms against high velocity impact is actively sought for applications in defense,space,soft robotics and sensing.Towards this end,we study the ballistic response of silicone based skin simulant against fragment impact.Using a pneumatic gas gun setup,six chisel-nosed and three regular shaped(sphere,cylinder,and cube)fragments were impacted on the skin simulant.The resulting skin simulant response was studied in terms of ballistic limit velocities,energy densities,failure pattern,and the mechanics of interaction.The results indicate that the shape of the fragment affects the ballistic limit velocities.The ballistic limit velocities,energy densities of the chisel-nosed fragment simulating projectiles were relatively insensitive to the size(mass),except for the smallest(0.16 g)and largest(2.79 g)chisel-nosed fragment.For the same size(1 g),ballistic limit velocities and failure are dependent on the shape of the fragment.The skin simulant failed by combined plugging and elastic hole enlargement.Failure in the spherical fragment was dominated by the elastic hole enlargement,whereas plugging failure was dominant in all other fragments.The spherical,cylindrical,and chisel-nosed fragments created circular cavities,and the cubical fragment created a square cavity.In the case of the spherical fragment,slipping of the fragment within the skin simulant was seen.Cubical fragments created lateral cracks emanating from the corners of the square cavity.Interestingly,for all the fragments,the maximum deformation corresponding to the perforation was lower than the non-perforation indicating rate dependent,stress driven failure.The maximum deformation was also dependent on the shape of the fragment.Overall,these results provide unique insights into the mechanical response of a soft simulant against ballistic impact.Results have utility in the calibration and validation of computational models,design of personal protective equipment,and antipersonnel systems.展开更多
Studying the skin care efficacy of recombinant humanized collagen based on in vitro level.The stability of the recombinant humanized collagen was first analyzed by treating at different temperatures,then its skincare ...Studying the skin care efficacy of recombinant humanized collagen based on in vitro level.The stability of the recombinant humanized collagen was first analyzed by treating at different temperatures,then its skincare efficacy based on in vitro level was evaluated by detecting the inhibition rate of elastase,the inhibition rate of collagenase,the protein content of type I collagen in human fibroblasts,the inhibition of reactive oxygen species(ROS)with human keratinocytes,and the effects of the recombinant humanized collagen on the expression of hyaluronic acid(HA),filaggrin(FLG)and transglutaminase 1(TGM1)in keratinocytes.The results showed that recombinant humanized collagen was able to maintain stability at temperatures below 70℃.With regard to its skincare efficacy,recombinant humanized collagen could inhibit elastase and collagenase activities and promote the increase of type I collagen content in human fibroblasts.It also showed good inhibition of ROS in keratinocytes in vitro and could increase the expression of HA,FLG,and TGM1 in keratinocytes.In short,the recombinant humanized collagen exhibited a favourable skin care effect in vitro level.This study proved that it has potential firming,anti-wrinkle,moisturizing,and repairing efficacy,and is a valuable cosmetic raw material.展开更多
Double-skin facades(DSF)are a technique developed for colder climates,so few people think about whether or not it can also be used for hot-summer and cold-winter zones in China.After analyzing the problems of using DS...Double-skin facades(DSF)are a technique developed for colder climates,so few people think about whether or not it can also be used for hot-summer and cold-winter zones in China.After analyzing the problems of using DSF for hot-summer zones,this paper explored on the possibility of applying DSF in hot-summer and cold-winter zones in China.The main existing research methods for DSF were also collected and commented.If properly managed,the ventilated DSF with controlled shading devices can be used even in hot summer in China.展开更多
Selecting 6 heads of new yak strains(the offspring of reciprocal cross of F1 produced by wild yak male mated with domestic yak female)and 6 domestic yaks at 3 and 12 age in months respectively at Datong Yak Farm of Qi...Selecting 6 heads of new yak strains(the offspring of reciprocal cross of F1 produced by wild yak male mated with domestic yak female)and 6 domestic yaks at 3 and 12 age in months respectively at Datong Yak Farm of Qinghai Province. This paper was studied for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat of yak and their adaptability to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The results indicated that it should be of vital importance marker for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat with two type of yaks at 3 and 12 age in months and their regulations of growth and development to adapt to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau,The main morphological indexes of the skin and hair coat of the rearing new yak strain were higher than those of the domestic yaks at the same age in months, or speak precisely, the new yak strain was more powerful adaptable to the alpine cold living environment than that of the domestic yaks. The resvlts above provided scientific basis for the native strain breeding of yak and the new yak strain rearing.展开更多
Objective:Asthma can be a disabling disease and despite advances in pharmacology,the prevalence of this condition globally remains high and accounts for a significant proportion of public health care costs.While pharm...Objective:Asthma can be a disabling disease and despite advances in pharmacology,the prevalence of this condition globally remains high and accounts for a significant proportion of public health care costs.While pharmacology is the mainstay of asthma management,drug side effects have promoted alternative therapeutic interventions,such as acupuncture.Acupuncture points have a lower skin impedance compared to non-acupuncture points.Health impairment is associated with changes in skin impedance at system-specific acupuncture points.Detection of skin impedance changes may assist in the early diagnosis of asthma and monitoring the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for this condition.Method:This study compared skin impedance at acupuncture point Dingchuan(EX-B1),in 92 subjects with normal health(47 subjects,age 32.6 ±1.67yr) and those diagnosed with asthma(45 subjects,age 42.4 ±1.80 yr).Skin impedance was measured using a 2-electrode impedance meter bilaterally at EX-B1,0.5 "cun" lateral to the lower border of 7th cervical vertebra.Result:The study showed that skin impedance was significantly higher at acupuncture point EX-B1 in subjects with asthma(29.4 ± 21 kΩ) compared to subjects with normal health(13.8±7.9 kΩ)(P=0.013).Skin impedance was negatively correlated to forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1,r=-0.59,P=0.012 in females;and r=-0.68,P=0.015 in males).A receiver operator characteristic(ROC) curve revealed an optimum cut-off point of 35 kΩ for male and 10 kΩ for female subjects.Conclusion:We conclude that EX-B1 skin impedance is higher in patients with asthma and skin impedance might be a possible adjunctive parameter for assisting diagnosis and monitoring asthmatic status.展开更多
The mathematic model of heat transfer through ventilated double glazing was verified with the measured data,which were from a test chamber equipped with glass face temperature,solar radiation,ambient temperature,and w...The mathematic model of heat transfer through ventilated double glazing was verified with the measured data,which were from a test chamber equipped with glass face temperature,solar radiation,ambient temperature,and wind speed measurement facility.After the model validation,the double-skin facade assessment was carried out through simulation with ESP-r software integrating thermal simulation and air low net work module.The air flow situation in the air gap was analyzed on the basis of the hourly air velocity simulation data within typical winter week,summer week,spring week and autumn week.The differences of chimney effect in different seasons were discussed,and the thermal loads resulted from the ventilated and unventilated double skin facade were presented.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation,China(82103704).
文摘Currently,research on N^(6)-methyladenine(m^(6)A)is extensive in the field of oncology,while studies involving m^(6)A and skin diseases remain relatively limited.Based on existing reports,we searched PubMed and Web of Science for literature related to m^(6)A and dermatological conditions.Analysis of citation counts and journal impact factors revealed a significant upward trend in the volume of m^(6)A-related research.Term frequency analysis of titles and abstracts indicated that studies mainly focus on skin tumors and inflammatory or immune-related skin diseases,particularly melanoma,psoriasis,and skin development.Transcriptomic data from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)were analyzed,revealing differential expression of m^(6)A-related genes in 4 types of skin tumors(including squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma)as well as in inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis,and potential mechanisms of action were also explored.Findings suggest that m^(6)A modifications exhibit heterogeneity between neoplastic and nonneoplastic skin diseases.However,the regulatory mechanisms of m^(6)A dynamic modifications on key genes involved in dermatological disorders remain unclear and warrant further investigation.
文摘To investigate the mechanisms of apigenin(API)and proanthocyanidins(PC)in soothing sensitive skin(SS),a mast cell degranulation model was established by stimulating RBL-2H3 cells with the calcium ionophore A23187.Based on the combinatorial experiments,it was found that when API and PC were combined at the molar ratios of 4∶1 and 2∶1,they exhibited the antagonistic effects on histamine release(combination index CI>1);when they are combined at the molar ratios of 1∶1,1∶2 or 1∶4,they showed the synergistic effects on histamine release(CI<1).Among them,the combination of API and PC at a molar ratio of 1∶1 showed the better potent synergistic antihistamine release effect(CI=0.70).Histamine is a hallmark of the mast cell degranulation,consequently,the combination of API and PC at a molar ratio of 1∶1 yields the better efficiency in inhibiting the mast cell degranulation with the lowest IC_(50)value.Compared to the utilization of API or PC alone,the IC_(50)value was reduced by 11.150 and 6.503μmol/L,respectively.Compared to the positive control paeonol(PA),the treatment with the combination significantly reduced theβ-hex secretion,decreased the F-actin cytoskeleton rearrangement,and markedly suppressed the release of TNF-α,IL-4,and MCP-1.Further studies on the signaling pathways related to the mast cell degranulation indicated that the combination effectively inhibited the intracellular Ca^(2+)influx and significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase(CaMK)and phospholipase C/protein kinase C(PLC/PKC).In summary,the combination of API and PC at a molar ratio of 1∶1 exhibited the better synergistic antagonistic effect on the histamine release,inhibited the mast cell degranulation model activation by reducing Ca^(2+)influx and inhibiting the activation of Ca^(2+)/CaMK and PLC/PKC pathways,stabilized the cell membranes,regulated the inflammatory factor secretion,and exerted an effect in alleviating sensitive skin.
文摘The objective of this research was to assess the potential of phosphatidylcholineencapsulated resveratrol as a cosmetic ingredient.The hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and ultraviolet A(UVA)induced human skin fibroblasts(HSF)models of skin damage were established to compare the antioxidant and anti-wrinkle properties between phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol and unencapsulated resveratrol.The findings reveal that encapsulating resveratrol with phosphatidylcholine not only enhances skin absorption but also significantly improves its antioxidant capabilities.In the H2O2-induced HSF injury model,phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol demonstrates a superior ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species(ROS)generated by H2O2 compared to the resveratrol group.Further analysis indicates that this enhanced functionality is associated with increased enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)when treated with phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol.Additionally,in UVA-irradiated HSF cells,phosphatidylcholine-encapsulated resveratrol effectively reduces the levels of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and-3(MMP-1 and MMP-3)and increased the contents of CollagenⅠand CollagenⅢ(Col-1 and Col-3),demonstrating significant anti-wrinkle effects.These findings provide critical evaluation criteria and application references for enhancing cosmetic ingredients through phosphatidylcholine encapsulation,thereby advancing skincare formulations.
文摘The sea cucumber is a highly esteemed source of nourishment,recognized as one of the“Eight Treasures of the Sea.”The bioactive compounds derived from sea cucumbers exhibit diverse physiological activities,including anti-tumor,antioxidant,anti-coagulation,anti-viral,anti-fatigue,immune enhancement,cognitive improvement,and metabolic regulation.Notably,within the skincare sector,these compounds demonstrate significant anti-aging,moisturizing,whitening,wrinkle reduction,repair and inhibition of melanin production properties.This article assesses the current state of sea cucumber aquaculture in China and the utilization of its bioactive ingredients in skincare formulations.The objective is to furnish additional raw materials and semi-finished products for China’s skincare and pharmaceutical industries,to advance the integration of sea cucumber bioactive components within these sectors,and to invigorate the rapid development of the tropical sea cucumber breeding industry.
文摘In order to study the preferred skin color for printing images,two CMYK images from ISO 400 and one from iStock,including five skin color images of East Asian females was selected in this study.The images were adjusted with the CMYK printing ink volume variation of the single,double and triple channels in the given 280%total ink limit conditions.A larger number of color vision normal observers were organized to carry out the color preference evaluation experiment,and the selected preferred skin colors were analyzed.The distribution range of the chromaticity values for skin color images were obtained and the results indicated that there are three regions for printing skin color preferences,and the observers have a memory preference for brighter,fairer skin colors in young female and a reddish skin colors in girl,which can provide the guidance for color adjustment of printed skin color images.
基金Project(52325905) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(DJ-HXGG-2023-04, DJHXGG-2023-16) supported by the Key Technology Research Projects of Power China。
文摘Plum blossom pile is a new type of special-shaped pile, which is proposed based on the principle of maximum perimeter with the same cross-sectional area. To advance this technique, primarily for the design of plum blossom piles, it is important to investigate the skin friction behavior of plum blossom pile foundations precluding any straightforward constitutive model. In this work, an analytic method dependent on the cross-sectional geometry and the vertical shearing effects is proposed by means of equilibrium analysis to calculate the effective vertical stress in the surrounding soil, the skin friction/negative skin friction, and the axial force/dragload of a plum blossom pile. Additionally, the curves of skin friction of piles are investigated with the same conditions. The results show that the curves of skin friction of piles deduced according to the developed analytic method agree well with the FEM results and related literature solution, which validates the solution. The axial force of the pile decreases with the increase of the shear action coefficient in the buried depth direction under the vertical concentrated load when considering the vertical shearing effects on the pile-soil interfaces.
基金Projects(51278170,U1134207)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(B13024)supported by the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities,China
文摘A simplified approach was proposed to analyze the negative skin friction calculation of special-shaped pile considering pile-soil interaction under surcharge. Based on the concentric cylinder shearing theory, considering the changes of pile shape(such as, taper angle and diameters of pile base, etc.), the load-transfer of special-shaped pile was built. The accuracy of the developed simplified approach was verified by numerical simulation model with the same condition. Then, the influence factors, such as, taper angles, the diameter of pile base, surcharge, and pile-soil interface parameters were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the developed simplified approach can calculate NSF of special-shaped pile under surcharge effectively. A limited parametric study indicates that in many practical situations special-shaped piles(such as belled wedge pile shown in this work) offer a design option that is more economical than traditional uniform cross-section piles.
文摘OBJECTIVE Hypericin,a powerful naturally photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy(PDT),is suitable for treating skin diseases involving excess capillary proliferation.In the present study,we aimed to evaluate the skin penetrability of a topically applied hypericin,expecting reducing the risk of prolonged skin photosensitivity,which often occurs after systemic administration.METHODS The Franz diffusion cell assay was performed to evaluate different penetration enhancers.In vivo studies,fluorescence microscopy was performed to examine the distribution of hypericin in the skin,macroscopic and microscopic analyses were also carried out to detect pathological changes in the skin after topical hypericin-PDT treatment.Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of PECAM-1 in the treated skin.RESULTS 5% menthol facilitated hypericin penetrate the skin of nude mice most.The results of in vivo assays revealed that hypericin penetrated nude mice skin,spread to the dermis,and resulted in obvious photosensitivity reaction on the dermal capillaries.Moreover,skin injured by the photosensitive reaction induced by hypericin was replaced by normal skin 7 d after hypericin-PDT treatment.CONCLUSION Topical hypericin could penetrate nude mouse skin well and be great potential in PDT treatment of skin diseases.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province of China(2004C120)Talent Foundation of Northwest A&F University
文摘The histological characteristics,distribution and variability of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) during development of skin in the goat fetus were studied with histological and immunohistochemical methods.The results showed that the epidermis formed at the 6th gestational week,the thickness increased gradually because of transition from simple epithelium to stratified epithelium,and then decreased after the 15th week.The dermis was present at the 10th week,and the dermal derivatives appeared after the 11th week.All structures of the skin matured gradually during prenatal development.Low expression of EGF and EGFR could be observed at the 6th week and increased thereafter.Before the 11th week,EGF was mainly located in the cytoplasm of the basal layer of cells of epidermis,hair follicular epithelial cells and fibroblasts,and EGFR was mainly located on cell membranes of these cells.From the 11th to 16th week,the expression of EGF and EGFR extended from basal layer cells,prickle cells,hair follicular epithelial cells and fibroblasts to vascular endothelial cells,epithelial cells of sweat glands and arrector pili muscle.EGF was mainly detected cytoplasmically,and EGFR was located on membranes of these cells.From the 17th week to birth,EGF was mainly located in cells of the basal layer and hair follicular epithelial cells as the skin thinned and staining intensity continued to increase.The expressed amount of EGF and EGFR tended to increase throughout the whole development stage encompassed by gestational weeks 6 to 21 and the two components of the EGF signaling system were highly correlated.The results suggest that EGF and EGFR play important roles in the development of skin and its derivatives.
文摘Microcellular propellants show a vast applicable prospect due to their special shell-pore structure. The effects of saturation pressure and desorption time on skin thickness are studied. The skin thickness is observed and measured using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the skin thickness decreases when saturation pressure increases from 15 MPa to 30 MPa. In contrast, the skin thickness increases as the desorption time changes from 2 min to 20 min.Therefore, the microcellular propellants with adjustable skin thickness can be obtained under the variable process conditions such as saturation pressure and desorption time.
文摘Hydroquinone(HQ)is an phenolic aromatic compound used in cosmetic medicine as skin lightening material since long time ago.Accordingly the several pathological conditions that observed,the use of HQ for this purpose was recently contraindicated.The commonly noted health problem associated with hydroquinone use was contact dermatitis.The present study was designed and conducted to determine the HQ presence and concentrations in ten samples of skin lightening cosmetics available in the local market.GC-MS analysis was employed for detection of HQ qualitatively while HPLC analysis was used as a quantitative analysis for determination of the HQ concentrations in each sample.The results obtained indicated that the overall range of HQ levels in all respected samples ranged from 0.0039%to 0.14%.
文摘The response of biological phantoms against high velocity impact is actively sought for applications in defense,space,soft robotics and sensing.Towards this end,we study the ballistic response of silicone based skin simulant against fragment impact.Using a pneumatic gas gun setup,six chisel-nosed and three regular shaped(sphere,cylinder,and cube)fragments were impacted on the skin simulant.The resulting skin simulant response was studied in terms of ballistic limit velocities,energy densities,failure pattern,and the mechanics of interaction.The results indicate that the shape of the fragment affects the ballistic limit velocities.The ballistic limit velocities,energy densities of the chisel-nosed fragment simulating projectiles were relatively insensitive to the size(mass),except for the smallest(0.16 g)and largest(2.79 g)chisel-nosed fragment.For the same size(1 g),ballistic limit velocities and failure are dependent on the shape of the fragment.The skin simulant failed by combined plugging and elastic hole enlargement.Failure in the spherical fragment was dominated by the elastic hole enlargement,whereas plugging failure was dominant in all other fragments.The spherical,cylindrical,and chisel-nosed fragments created circular cavities,and the cubical fragment created a square cavity.In the case of the spherical fragment,slipping of the fragment within the skin simulant was seen.Cubical fragments created lateral cracks emanating from the corners of the square cavity.Interestingly,for all the fragments,the maximum deformation corresponding to the perforation was lower than the non-perforation indicating rate dependent,stress driven failure.The maximum deformation was also dependent on the shape of the fragment.Overall,these results provide unique insights into the mechanical response of a soft simulant against ballistic impact.Results have utility in the calibration and validation of computational models,design of personal protective equipment,and antipersonnel systems.
文摘Studying the skin care efficacy of recombinant humanized collagen based on in vitro level.The stability of the recombinant humanized collagen was first analyzed by treating at different temperatures,then its skincare efficacy based on in vitro level was evaluated by detecting the inhibition rate of elastase,the inhibition rate of collagenase,the protein content of type I collagen in human fibroblasts,the inhibition of reactive oxygen species(ROS)with human keratinocytes,and the effects of the recombinant humanized collagen on the expression of hyaluronic acid(HA),filaggrin(FLG)and transglutaminase 1(TGM1)in keratinocytes.The results showed that recombinant humanized collagen was able to maintain stability at temperatures below 70℃.With regard to its skincare efficacy,recombinant humanized collagen could inhibit elastase and collagenase activities and promote the increase of type I collagen content in human fibroblasts.It also showed good inhibition of ROS in keratinocytes in vitro and could increase the expression of HA,FLG,and TGM1 in keratinocytes.In short,the recombinant humanized collagen exhibited a favourable skin care effect in vitro level.This study proved that it has potential firming,anti-wrinkle,moisturizing,and repairing efficacy,and is a valuable cosmetic raw material.
文摘Double-skin facades(DSF)are a technique developed for colder climates,so few people think about whether or not it can also be used for hot-summer and cold-winter zones in China.After analyzing the problems of using DSF for hot-summer zones,this paper explored on the possibility of applying DSF in hot-summer and cold-winter zones in China.The main existing research methods for DSF were also collected and commented.If properly managed,the ventilated DSF with controlled shading devices can be used even in hot summer in China.
文摘Selecting 6 heads of new yak strains(the offspring of reciprocal cross of F1 produced by wild yak male mated with domestic yak female)and 6 domestic yaks at 3 and 12 age in months respectively at Datong Yak Farm of Qinghai Province. This paper was studied for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat of yak and their adaptability to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The results indicated that it should be of vital importance marker for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat with two type of yaks at 3 and 12 age in months and their regulations of growth and development to adapt to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau,The main morphological indexes of the skin and hair coat of the rearing new yak strain were higher than those of the domestic yaks at the same age in months, or speak precisely, the new yak strain was more powerful adaptable to the alpine cold living environment than that of the domestic yaks. The resvlts above provided scientific basis for the native strain breeding of yak and the new yak strain rearing.
文摘Objective:Asthma can be a disabling disease and despite advances in pharmacology,the prevalence of this condition globally remains high and accounts for a significant proportion of public health care costs.While pharmacology is the mainstay of asthma management,drug side effects have promoted alternative therapeutic interventions,such as acupuncture.Acupuncture points have a lower skin impedance compared to non-acupuncture points.Health impairment is associated with changes in skin impedance at system-specific acupuncture points.Detection of skin impedance changes may assist in the early diagnosis of asthma and monitoring the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for this condition.Method:This study compared skin impedance at acupuncture point Dingchuan(EX-B1),in 92 subjects with normal health(47 subjects,age 32.6 ±1.67yr) and those diagnosed with asthma(45 subjects,age 42.4 ±1.80 yr).Skin impedance was measured using a 2-electrode impedance meter bilaterally at EX-B1,0.5 "cun" lateral to the lower border of 7th cervical vertebra.Result:The study showed that skin impedance was significantly higher at acupuncture point EX-B1 in subjects with asthma(29.4 ± 21 kΩ) compared to subjects with normal health(13.8±7.9 kΩ)(P=0.013).Skin impedance was negatively correlated to forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1,r=-0.59,P=0.012 in females;and r=-0.68,P=0.015 in males).A receiver operator characteristic(ROC) curve revealed an optimum cut-off point of 35 kΩ for male and 10 kΩ for female subjects.Conclusion:We conclude that EX-B1 skin impedance is higher in patients with asthma and skin impedance might be a possible adjunctive parameter for assisting diagnosis and monitoring asthmatic status.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Supporting Program(08DZ1203500)City University of Hong Kong(7002004)+1 种基金Shanghai Local University Fund(071605124)Undergraduates Education Fund for University of Shanghai
文摘The mathematic model of heat transfer through ventilated double glazing was verified with the measured data,which were from a test chamber equipped with glass face temperature,solar radiation,ambient temperature,and wind speed measurement facility.After the model validation,the double-skin facade assessment was carried out through simulation with ESP-r software integrating thermal simulation and air low net work module.The air flow situation in the air gap was analyzed on the basis of the hourly air velocity simulation data within typical winter week,summer week,spring week and autumn week.The differences of chimney effect in different seasons were discussed,and the thermal loads resulted from the ventilated and unventilated double skin facade were presented.
