This study was conducted to investigate the flow field characteristics of right-angled flow passage with various cavities in the typical hydraulic manifold block.A low-speed visualization test rig was developed and th...This study was conducted to investigate the flow field characteristics of right-angled flow passage with various cavities in the typical hydraulic manifold block.A low-speed visualization test rig was developed and the flow field of the right-angled flow passage with different cavity structures was measured using 2D-PIV technique.Numerical model was established to simulate the three-dimensional flow field.Seven eddy viscosity turbulence models were investigated in predicting the flow field by comparing against the particle image relocimetry(PIV)measurement results.By defining the weight error function K,the S-A model was selected as the appropriate turbulence model.Then,a three-factor,three-level response surface numerical test was conducted to investigate the influence of flow passage connection type,cavity diameter and cavity length-diameter ratio on pressure loss.The results show that the Box-Benhnken Design(BBD)model can predict the total pressure loss accurately.The optimal factor level appeared in flow passage connection type II,14.64 mm diameter and 67.53%cavity length-diameter ratio.The total pressure loss decreased by 11.15%relative to the worst factor level,and total pressure loss can be reduced by 64.75%when using an arc transition right-angled flow passage,which indicates a new direction for the optimization design of flow passage in hydraulic manifold blocks.展开更多
The accurate measurement of kinematic parameters in satellite separation tests has great significance in evaluating separation performance. A novel study is made on the measuring accuracy of monocular and binocular, w...The accurate measurement of kinematic parameters in satellite separation tests has great significance in evaluating separation performance. A novel study is made on the measuring accuracy of monocular and binocular, which are the two main vision measurement methods used for kinematic parameters. As satellite separation process is transient and high-dynamic, it will bring more extraction errors to the binocular. Based on the design approach of intersection measure and variance ratio, the monocular method reflects higher precision, simpler structure and easier calibration for level satellite separation. In ground separation tests, a high-speed monocular system is developed to gain and analyze twelve kinematic parameters of a small satellite. Research shows that this monocular method can be widely applied for its high precision, with position accuracy of 0.5 mm, speed accuracy of 5 mm/s, and angular velocity accuracy of 1 (°)/s.展开更多
For the diagnosis of glaucoma,optical coherence tomography(OCT)is a noninvasive imaging technique for the assessment of retinal layers.To accurately segment intraretinal layers in an optic nerve head(ONH)region,we pro...For the diagnosis of glaucoma,optical coherence tomography(OCT)is a noninvasive imaging technique for the assessment of retinal layers.To accurately segment intraretinal layers in an optic nerve head(ONH)region,we proposed an automatic method for the segmentation of three intraretinal layers in eye OCT scans centered on ONH.The internal limiting membrane,inner segment and outer segment,Bruch’s membrane surfaces under vascular shadows,and interaction of multiple high-reflectivity regions in the OCT image can be accurately segmented through this method.Then,we constructed a novel spatial-gradient continuity constraint,termed spatial-gradient continuity constraint,for the correction of discontinuity between adjacent image segmentation results.In our experiment,we randomly selected 20 B-scans,each annotated three retinal layers by experts.Signed distance errors of?0.80μm obtained through this method are lower than those obtained through the state-of-art method(?1.43μm).Meanwhile,the segmentation results can be used as bases for the diagnosis of glaucoma.展开更多
The Radial Basis Functions Neural Network （RBFNN） is used to establish the model of a response system through the input and output data of the system. The synchronization between a drive system and the response syst...The Radial Basis Functions Neural Network （RBFNN） is used to establish the model of a response system through the input and output data of the system. The synchronization between a drive system and the response system can be implemented by employing the RBFNN model and state feedback control. In this case, the exact mathematical model, which is the precondition for the conventional method, is unnecessary for implementing synchronization. The effect of the model error is investigated and a corresponding theorem is developed. The effect of the parameter perturbations and the measurement noise is investigated through simulations. The simulation results under different conditions show the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
Aiming to give some advices on the ground coupled heat pump system design in Siehuan Province, China, a typical ground source heat pump （GSHP） system in Sichuan Province was tested in a whole operational year, and t...Aiming to give some advices on the ground coupled heat pump system design in Siehuan Province, China, a typical ground source heat pump （GSHP） system in Sichuan Province was tested in a whole operational year, and the parameters of temperature and flow rate in different parts of system were measured during this period. The seasonal energy efficiency ratio was calculated and the performance of heat pump system in summer was compared with that in winter. The result shows that the coefficient of performance of the system reaches 3.63 in summer and 3.49 in winter, respectively. The heat balance in underground rock mass is acquired basically throughout the year, and the heat accumulation in the earth tends to be zero.展开更多
The nature of the exergy consumption of district heating(DH) systems can not be explained clearly using the first law of thermodynamics.Exergy analysis method was used.A case study based on a DH system in Inner Mongol...The nature of the exergy consumption of district heating(DH) systems can not be explained clearly using the first law of thermodynamics.Exergy analysis method was used.A case study based on a DH system in Inner Mongolia,China,was carried out.The impact of operating parameters and design parameters on the energy quality of circulating water and exergy losses of DH systems during heat distribution was revealed.Results show that the energy quality of circulating water and exergy losses of DH systems during heat distribution could be reduced by decreasing the indoor temperature or increasing radiator areas.Compared with other factors,the outdoor temperature and indoor temperature have a greater impact on the energy quality of circulating water,exergy losses of circulating water,and total exergy losses during heat distribution.When the outdoor temperature varied by 10.00%,the average variation rates of such parameters were 85.12%,90.02%,and 64.60%,respectively.When the outdoor temperature was 273.00 K and indoor temperature varied by 50.00%,the average variation rates of such parameters were 83.88%,99.34% and 32.87%,respectively.It can be observed that the energy quality and exergy losses of DH systems can be reduced in the operation process.展开更多
基金Projects(51705446,51890881) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the flow field characteristics of right-angled flow passage with various cavities in the typical hydraulic manifold block.A low-speed visualization test rig was developed and the flow field of the right-angled flow passage with different cavity structures was measured using 2D-PIV technique.Numerical model was established to simulate the three-dimensional flow field.Seven eddy viscosity turbulence models were investigated in predicting the flow field by comparing against the particle image relocimetry(PIV)measurement results.By defining the weight error function K,the S-A model was selected as the appropriate turbulence model.Then,a three-factor,three-level response surface numerical test was conducted to investigate the influence of flow passage connection type,cavity diameter and cavity length-diameter ratio on pressure loss.The results show that the Box-Benhnken Design(BBD)model can predict the total pressure loss accurately.The optimal factor level appeared in flow passage connection type II,14.64 mm diameter and 67.53%cavity length-diameter ratio.The total pressure loss decreased by 11.15%relative to the worst factor level,and total pressure loss can be reduced by 64.75%when using an arc transition right-angled flow passage,which indicates a new direction for the optimization design of flow passage in hydraulic manifold blocks.
基金Project(50975280)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(NCET-08-0149)supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of China
文摘The accurate measurement of kinematic parameters in satellite separation tests has great significance in evaluating separation performance. A novel study is made on the measuring accuracy of monocular and binocular, which are the two main vision measurement methods used for kinematic parameters. As satellite separation process is transient and high-dynamic, it will bring more extraction errors to the binocular. Based on the design approach of intersection measure and variance ratio, the monocular method reflects higher precision, simpler structure and easier calibration for level satellite separation. In ground separation tests, a high-speed monocular system is developed to gain and analyze twelve kinematic parameters of a small satellite. Research shows that this monocular method can be widely applied for its high precision, with position accuracy of 0.5 mm, speed accuracy of 5 mm/s, and angular velocity accuracy of 1 (°)/s.
基金Projects(61672542,61573380)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘For the diagnosis of glaucoma,optical coherence tomography(OCT)is a noninvasive imaging technique for the assessment of retinal layers.To accurately segment intraretinal layers in an optic nerve head(ONH)region,we proposed an automatic method for the segmentation of three intraretinal layers in eye OCT scans centered on ONH.The internal limiting membrane,inner segment and outer segment,Bruch’s membrane surfaces under vascular shadows,and interaction of multiple high-reflectivity regions in the OCT image can be accurately segmented through this method.Then,we constructed a novel spatial-gradient continuity constraint,termed spatial-gradient continuity constraint,for the correction of discontinuity between adjacent image segmentation results.In our experiment,we randomly selected 20 B-scans,each annotated three retinal layers by experts.Signed distance errors of?0.80μm obtained through this method are lower than those obtained through the state-of-art method(?1.43μm).Meanwhile,the segmentation results can be used as bases for the diagnosis of glaucoma.
基金This project was supported in part by the Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (2003F028)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20060390318).
文摘The Radial Basis Functions Neural Network （RBFNN） is used to establish the model of a response system through the input and output data of the system. The synchronization between a drive system and the response system can be implemented by employing the RBFNN model and state feedback control. In this case, the exact mathematical model, which is the precondition for the conventional method, is unnecessary for implementing synchronization. The effect of the model error is investigated and a corresponding theorem is developed. The effect of the parameter perturbations and the measurement noise is investigated through simulations. The simulation results under different conditions show the effectiveness of the method.
基金Project(50838009) supported by the National Science Key Foundation 1 tem
文摘Aiming to give some advices on the ground coupled heat pump system design in Siehuan Province, China, a typical ground source heat pump （GSHP） system in Sichuan Province was tested in a whole operational year, and the parameters of temperature and flow rate in different parts of system were measured during this period. The seasonal energy efficiency ratio was calculated and the performance of heat pump system in summer was compared with that in winter. The result shows that the coefficient of performance of the system reaches 3.63 in summer and 3.49 in winter, respectively. The heat balance in underground rock mass is acquired basically throughout the year, and the heat accumulation in the earth tends to be zero.
基金Project(51408184)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(15JCQNJC07800)supported by Tianjin Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(YQ2014005)supported by Excellent Young Foundation of Hebei Educational Committee,China
文摘The nature of the exergy consumption of district heating(DH) systems can not be explained clearly using the first law of thermodynamics.Exergy analysis method was used.A case study based on a DH system in Inner Mongolia,China,was carried out.The impact of operating parameters and design parameters on the energy quality of circulating water and exergy losses of DH systems during heat distribution was revealed.Results show that the energy quality of circulating water and exergy losses of DH systems during heat distribution could be reduced by decreasing the indoor temperature or increasing radiator areas.Compared with other factors,the outdoor temperature and indoor temperature have a greater impact on the energy quality of circulating water,exergy losses of circulating water,and total exergy losses during heat distribution.When the outdoor temperature varied by 10.00%,the average variation rates of such parameters were 85.12%,90.02%,and 64.60%,respectively.When the outdoor temperature was 273.00 K and indoor temperature varied by 50.00%,the average variation rates of such parameters were 83.88%,99.34% and 32.87%,respectively.It can be observed that the energy quality and exergy losses of DH systems can be reduced in the operation process.
