The integration of refinery and petrochemical units(IRPUs)has become an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of petrochemical industry.The utilization efficiency of petroleum resources could be improved o...The integration of refinery and petrochemical units(IRPUs)has become an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of petrochemical industry.The utilization efficiency of petroleum resources could be improved obviously through IRPUs.However,integrating economic and environmental impacts into the model of IRPUs is still a grand challenge.Herein,a model called TEA-GHG-OPWM(Techno-Economic Analysis and GreenHouse Gases Oriented Plant-Wide Model)has been established on Aspen HYSYSTM platform to calculate the energy consumption,the technoeconomic performance,and the GHG emissions for two different kinds of schemes,viz,:VRHCU(Vacuum Residue Hydrocracking Unit)and VRDS-RFCC(Vacuum Residue Desulfurization and Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking).Furthermore,a novel processing pathway named VGOHDT-HTMP-DC(Vacuum Gas Oil Hydrotreating,Hydrogenation and TMP coupling process and Delayed Coking)has also been developed to find methods to improve the economic performance based on a ten-million-CNY output value(TMYOV)and a reduced GHG emissions.Our results demonstrate that VRHCRU could consume more energy and emit more GHG(877.11 t of CO2 eq·TMYOV^-1·h^-1)than VRDS-RFCC(817.03 t of CO2 eq·TMYOV^-1·h^-1)and VGOHDT-HTMP-DC(721.96 t of CO2 eq·TMYOV^-1·h^-1),while obtaining a higher mass yield of petrochemicals.The VGOHDT-HTMP-DC process exhibits the lowest feedstock consumption,hydrogen consumption,energy consumption,and GHG emissions,indicating that VGOHDT-HTMP-DC has both well economic and environmentally friendly performance.展开更多
As mining activities expand deeper,deep high-temperature formations seriously threaten the future safe exploitation,while deep geothermal energy has great potential for development.Combining the formation cooling and ...As mining activities expand deeper,deep high-temperature formations seriously threaten the future safe exploitation,while deep geothermal energy has great potential for development.Combining the formation cooling and geothermal mining in mines to establish a thermos-hydraulic coupling numerical model for fractured formation.The study investigates the formation heat transfer behaviour,heat recovery performance and thermal economic benefits influenced during the life cycle.The results show that the accumulation of cold energy during the cold storage phase induces a decline in formation temperature.The heat recovery phase is determined by the extent of the initial cold domain,which contracts inward from the edge and decelerates the heat recovery rate gradually.With groundwater velocity increases,the thermal regulation efficiency gradually increases,the production temperature decreases,while the effective radius and thermal power increase first and then decrease.The injected volume and temperature significantly affect,with higher injection temperatures slowing thermal recovery,and the thermal regulation efficiency is more sensitive to changes in formation permeability and thermal conductivity.The heat extraction performance is positively correlated with all factors.The levelized cost of electricity is estimated at 0.1203$/(kW·h)during the cold storage.During the heat recovery,annual profit is primarily driven by cooling benefits.展开更多
Biochar-based bioenergy production and sub- sequent land application of biochar can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by fixing atmospheric carbon into the soil for a long period of time. A thorough life cycle assessmen...Biochar-based bioenergy production and sub- sequent land application of biochar can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by fixing atmospheric carbon into the soil for a long period of time. A thorough life cycle assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production and biochar land application in Northwestern Ontario is conducted using SimaPro Ver. 8.1. The results of energy consumption and potential environmental impact of biochar-based bioenergy production system are compared with those of conventional coal-based system. Results show that biocbar land application consumes 4847.61 MJ per tonne dry feedstock more energy than conventional system, but reduces the GHG emissions by 68.19 kg CO2e per tonne of dry feed- stock in its life cycle. Biochar land application improves ecosystem quality by 18 %, reduces climate change by 15 %, and resource use by 13 % but may adversely impact on human health by increasing disability adjusted life years by 1.7 % if biomass availability is low to medium. Replacing fossil fuel with woody biomass has a positiveimpact on the environment, as one tonne of dry biomass feedstock when converted to biochar reduces up to 38 kg CO2e with biochar land application despite using more energy. These results will help understand a comprehensive picture of the new interventions in forestry businesses, which are promoting biochar-based bioenergy production.展开更多
“十四五”期间“双碳”目标的提出,推动着我国基础设施建设向绿色低碳的方向发展,生命周期评价方法(LCA)作为一款全面的环境影响评价工具逐渐开始应用到我国建筑业。以生命周期评价理论为基础,选取长江上游某内河港口工程为研究对象,...“十四五”期间“双碳”目标的提出,推动着我国基础设施建设向绿色低碳的方向发展,生命周期评价方法(LCA)作为一款全面的环境影响评价工具逐渐开始应用到我国建筑业。以生命周期评价理论为基础,选取长江上游某内河港口工程为研究对象,将该港口工程全生命周期划分为施工阶段、运维阶段及退役阶段进行碳排放来源分析并估算碳排放。结果表明,该港口工程全生命周期碳排放为8.67万t CO_(2)-eq(当量),施工阶段、运维阶段、退役阶段分别占比39.4%、56.7%、3.9%,单位碳排放为95%置信区间为651.92~745.21 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(2),中位数为698.14 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(2),清单数据不确定性较小,港口工程碳排放敏感因素为混凝土和电力。碳排放评价结果总体较好,可作为后续制定碳减排政策的相关依据。展开更多
A quantitative and comprehensive method of product life cycle assessment(LCA) with fuzzy theory is developed, which will help designers to select the optimum design scheme for product life cycle design(LCD). Based on ...A quantitative and comprehensive method of product life cycle assessment(LCA) with fuzzy theory is developed, which will help designers to select the optimum design scheme for product life cycle design(LCD). Based on the theory of multiple attribute decision making, an algorithm of comprehensive and comparative evaluation for product environmental adaptability is presented. A program is built and used in an example of design improvement. The result shows that the proposed method and algorithm are practical and effective to the development of green products.展开更多
基金The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21978325 and 21776312)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20CX06073A,20CX06095A,and 20CX06096A).
文摘The integration of refinery and petrochemical units(IRPUs)has become an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of petrochemical industry.The utilization efficiency of petroleum resources could be improved obviously through IRPUs.However,integrating economic and environmental impacts into the model of IRPUs is still a grand challenge.Herein,a model called TEA-GHG-OPWM(Techno-Economic Analysis and GreenHouse Gases Oriented Plant-Wide Model)has been established on Aspen HYSYSTM platform to calculate the energy consumption,the technoeconomic performance,and the GHG emissions for two different kinds of schemes,viz,:VRHCU(Vacuum Residue Hydrocracking Unit)and VRDS-RFCC(Vacuum Residue Desulfurization and Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking).Furthermore,a novel processing pathway named VGOHDT-HTMP-DC(Vacuum Gas Oil Hydrotreating,Hydrogenation and TMP coupling process and Delayed Coking)has also been developed to find methods to improve the economic performance based on a ten-million-CNY output value(TMYOV)and a reduced GHG emissions.Our results demonstrate that VRHCRU could consume more energy and emit more GHG(877.11 t of CO2 eq·TMYOV^-1·h^-1)than VRDS-RFCC(817.03 t of CO2 eq·TMYOV^-1·h^-1)and VGOHDT-HTMP-DC(721.96 t of CO2 eq·TMYOV^-1·h^-1),while obtaining a higher mass yield of petrochemicals.The VGOHDT-HTMP-DC process exhibits the lowest feedstock consumption,hydrogen consumption,energy consumption,and GHG emissions,indicating that VGOHDT-HTMP-DC has both well economic and environmentally friendly performance.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52434006,52374151,and 51927808)。
文摘As mining activities expand deeper,deep high-temperature formations seriously threaten the future safe exploitation,while deep geothermal energy has great potential for development.Combining the formation cooling and geothermal mining in mines to establish a thermos-hydraulic coupling numerical model for fractured formation.The study investigates the formation heat transfer behaviour,heat recovery performance and thermal economic benefits influenced during the life cycle.The results show that the accumulation of cold energy during the cold storage phase induces a decline in formation temperature.The heat recovery phase is determined by the extent of the initial cold domain,which contracts inward from the edge and decelerates the heat recovery rate gradually.With groundwater velocity increases,the thermal regulation efficiency gradually increases,the production temperature decreases,while the effective radius and thermal power increase first and then decrease.The injected volume and temperature significantly affect,with higher injection temperatures slowing thermal recovery,and the thermal regulation efficiency is more sensitive to changes in formation permeability and thermal conductivity.The heat extraction performance is positively correlated with all factors.The levelized cost of electricity is estimated at 0.1203$/(kW·h)during the cold storage.During the heat recovery,annual profit is primarily driven by cooling benefits.
基金supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through Industrial Postgraduate Scholarships(NSERC-IPS)Ontario Graduate Scholarship (OGS)Ontario Power Generation(OPG)
文摘Biochar-based bioenergy production and sub- sequent land application of biochar can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by fixing atmospheric carbon into the soil for a long period of time. A thorough life cycle assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production and biochar land application in Northwestern Ontario is conducted using SimaPro Ver. 8.1. The results of energy consumption and potential environmental impact of biochar-based bioenergy production system are compared with those of conventional coal-based system. Results show that biocbar land application consumes 4847.61 MJ per tonne dry feedstock more energy than conventional system, but reduces the GHG emissions by 68.19 kg CO2e per tonne of dry feed- stock in its life cycle. Biochar land application improves ecosystem quality by 18 %, reduces climate change by 15 %, and resource use by 13 % but may adversely impact on human health by increasing disability adjusted life years by 1.7 % if biomass availability is low to medium. Replacing fossil fuel with woody biomass has a positiveimpact on the environment, as one tonne of dry biomass feedstock when converted to biochar reduces up to 38 kg CO2e with biochar land application despite using more energy. These results will help understand a comprehensive picture of the new interventions in forestry businesses, which are promoting biochar-based bioenergy production.
文摘“十四五”期间“双碳”目标的提出,推动着我国基础设施建设向绿色低碳的方向发展,生命周期评价方法(LCA)作为一款全面的环境影响评价工具逐渐开始应用到我国建筑业。以生命周期评价理论为基础,选取长江上游某内河港口工程为研究对象,将该港口工程全生命周期划分为施工阶段、运维阶段及退役阶段进行碳排放来源分析并估算碳排放。结果表明,该港口工程全生命周期碳排放为8.67万t CO_(2)-eq(当量),施工阶段、运维阶段、退役阶段分别占比39.4%、56.7%、3.9%,单位碳排放为95%置信区间为651.92~745.21 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(2),中位数为698.14 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(2),清单数据不确定性较小,港口工程碳排放敏感因素为混凝土和电力。碳排放评价结果总体较好,可作为后续制定碳减排政策的相关依据。
文摘A quantitative and comprehensive method of product life cycle assessment(LCA) with fuzzy theory is developed, which will help designers to select the optimum design scheme for product life cycle design(LCD). Based on the theory of multiple attribute decision making, an algorithm of comprehensive and comparative evaluation for product environmental adaptability is presented. A program is built and used in an example of design improvement. The result shows that the proposed method and algorithm are practical and effective to the development of green products.
