For physical ozone absorption without reaction,two parametric estimation methods,i.e.the common linear least square fitting and non-linear Simplex search methods,were applied,respectively,to determine the ozone mass t...For physical ozone absorption without reaction,two parametric estimation methods,i.e.the common linear least square fitting and non-linear Simplex search methods,were applied,respectively,to determine the ozone mass transfer coefficient during absorption and both methods give almost the same mass transfer coefficient.While for chemical absorption with ozone decomposition reaction,the common linear least square fitting method is not applicable for the evaluation of ozone mass transfer coefficient due to the difficulty of model linearization for describing ozone concentration dissolved in water.The nonlinear Simplex method obtains the mass transfer coefficient by minimizing the sum of the differences between the simulated and experimental ozone concentration during the whole absorption process,without the limitation of linear relationship between the dissolved ozone concentration and absorption time during the initial stage of absorption.Comparison of the ozone concentration profiles between the simulation and experimental data demonstrates that Simplex method may determine ozone mass transfer coefficient during absorption in an accurate and high efficiency way with wide applicability.展开更多
An effective and simple way to develop equations from impact strain signals was proposed.Little research has been performed in this area,but this equation is very important for evaluating input signals in finite eleme...An effective and simple way to develop equations from impact strain signals was proposed.Little research has been performed in this area,but this equation is very important for evaluating input signals in finite element analysis impact tests and for obtaining additional information on material deformation and fracture processes under impact loading.For this purpose,dynamic impact responses were examined through signals obtained from a strain gauge installed on an impact striker connected to a data acquisition system.Aluminium 6061-T6 was used to extract strain responses on the striker during Charpy impact testing.Statistical analysis was performed using the I-kaz method,and curve fitting equations based on the equation for vibration response under a non-periodic force were used to evaluate the Charpy impact signals.The I-kaz coefficients and curve fitting equations were then compared and discussed with related parameters,such as velocities and thicknesses.Velocity and thickness were found to be related to the strain signal patterns,curve fitting equations and I-kaz coefficients.The equations developed using this method had R2 values greater than 97.7%.Finally,the constructed equations were determined to be suitable for evaluating Charpy impact strain signal patterns and obtaining additional information on fracture processes under impact loading.展开更多
The SF6 decomposed products are very alike,so the peaks of the SF6 decomposed products are overlapped.It make us hard to quantitatively calculate.This paper introduced a method to separate the overlapped chromatogram ...The SF6 decomposed products are very alike,so the peaks of the SF6 decomposed products are overlapped.It make us hard to quantitatively calculate.This paper introduced a method to separate the overlapped chromatogram peaks with iterative curve-fitting and Gauss function,and deduced the formula of the iterative curve-fitting;provided a method to calculate the initial value of the peaks intensity and width by iterative formula,and confirm the final peaks intensity and width to separate the overlapped signals.By the analysis of the real chromatogram data,it proved the validity of this method on the main components used in distinguishing the GIS internal defects.This method overcomes the influence of SF6 peak to the other thin concentration peaks,so it can be used in the study of the quantitative analysis of the decomposed products on different failures and different voltages.展开更多
An intuitive method for circle fitting is proposed. Assuming an approximate circle(CA,n) for the fitting of some scattered points, it can be imagined that every point would apply a force to CA,n, which all together fo...An intuitive method for circle fitting is proposed. Assuming an approximate circle(CA,n) for the fitting of some scattered points, it can be imagined that every point would apply a force to CA,n, which all together form an overall effect that "draws" CA,n towards best fitting to the group of points. The basic element of the force is called circular attracting factor(CAF) which is defined as a real scalar in a radial direction of CA,n. An iterative algorithm based on this idea is proposed, and the convergence and accuracy are analyzed. The algorithm converges uniformly which is proved by the analysis of Lyapunov function, and the accuracy of the algorithm is in accord with that of geometric least squares of circle fitting. The algorithm is adopted to circle detection in grayscale images, in which the transferring to binary images is not required, and thus the algorithm is less sensitive to lightening and background noise. The main point for the adaption is the calculation of CAF which is extended in radial directions of CA,n for the whole image. All pixels would apply forces to CA,n, and the overall effect of forces would be equivalent to a force from the centroid of pixels to CA,n. The forces from would-be edge pixels would overweigh that from noisy pixels, so the following approximate circle would be of better fitting. To reduce the amount of calculation, pixels are only used in an annular area including the boundary of CA,n just in between for the calculation of CAF. Examples are given, showing the process of circle fitting of scattered points around a circle from an initial assuming circle, comparing the fitting results for scattered points from some related literature, applying the method proposed for circular edge detection in grayscale images with noise, and/or with only partial arc of a circle, and for circle detection in BGA inspection.展开更多
最小二乘逆时偏移(least-squares reverse time migration,LSRTM)具有更高的成像分辨率、振幅保真性及均衡性等优势。然而,目前的LSRTM算法大多基于水平地表假设,在面对复杂地形时无法很好地适应剧烈的起伏地表。基于二阶常密度声波方程...最小二乘逆时偏移(least-squares reverse time migration,LSRTM)具有更高的成像分辨率、振幅保真性及均衡性等优势。然而,目前的LSRTM算法大多基于水平地表假设,在面对复杂地形时无法很好地适应剧烈的起伏地表。基于二阶常密度声波方程的LSRTM算法忽略了密度变化对振幅的影响,很难在变密度介质中取得保真的成像结果。为此,从一阶速度-应力方程出发,在曲线坐标系下推导相应的扰动方程和伴随方程,并通过伴随状态法给出梯度更新公式,最终实现基于贴体网格的起伏地表LSRTM算法。模型试算验证了算法的有效性和对复杂地表的适应性。结果表明,提出的算法能够消除起伏地表的影响、压制低频噪声、恢复高频成分、均衡成像振幅,实现地下变密度介质的高分辨率和高保真度成像。展开更多
为解决电池模组极柱焊接缺陷检测精度低、效率低的问题,提出了一种基于机器视觉的焊接缺陷检测算法。首先,对采集图像进行预处理操作;其次,通过组件筛选结合改进的Canny算法获取目标区域的无干扰边缘轮廓,为了改善拟合干扰现象,利用基...为解决电池模组极柱焊接缺陷检测精度低、效率低的问题,提出了一种基于机器视觉的焊接缺陷检测算法。首先,对采集图像进行预处理操作;其次,通过组件筛选结合改进的Canny算法获取目标区域的无干扰边缘轮廓,为了改善拟合干扰现象,利用基于密度的聚类(density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)算法对焊接区域的内外圆边缘点集进行分离;然后,采用改进的最小二乘法对内外圆点集分别进行拟合得到精准的焊接区域;最后,以焊接区域内外圆的面积差和同心度来检测焊接面积缺陷和焊偏,通过双向扫面检测法进行焊接区域灰度值遍历,根据对应的灰度值范围和区域大小来检测焊穿和炸点缺陷。实验表明,该算法能够精确拟合焊接区域并准确识别出焊接缺陷,具有较高的检测精度和效率,能够满足工业生产需求。展开更多
针对实际点云数据中存在的噪点与缺陷对拟合平面时带来的影响,提出一种基于最小平方中值算法(least median of squares,LMedS)与距离加权总体最小二乘法(weighted total least squares based on distance,WTLSD)相结合的平面拟合算法。...针对实际点云数据中存在的噪点与缺陷对拟合平面时带来的影响,提出一种基于最小平方中值算法(least median of squares,LMedS)与距离加权总体最小二乘法(weighted total least squares based on distance,WTLSD)相结合的平面拟合算法。通过最小平方中值算法初步去除点云中的噪点,并基于距离构建初始权重矩阵,利用距离加权总体最小二乘法对点云进行平面拟合,减少平面中凸起与凹陷等缺陷对平面拟合的影响,该算法与传统平面拟合算法相比具备消除异常点与平面缺陷的优点,具备更高的拟合精度;与随机采样一致性算法(random sample consensus,RANSAC)相比具有更高的拟合效率与相近的拟合精度。展开更多
基金Project(2011467001)supported by the Ministry of Environment Protection of ChinaProject(2010DFB94130)supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘For physical ozone absorption without reaction,two parametric estimation methods,i.e.the common linear least square fitting and non-linear Simplex search methods,were applied,respectively,to determine the ozone mass transfer coefficient during absorption and both methods give almost the same mass transfer coefficient.While for chemical absorption with ozone decomposition reaction,the common linear least square fitting method is not applicable for the evaluation of ozone mass transfer coefficient due to the difficulty of model linearization for describing ozone concentration dissolved in water.The nonlinear Simplex method obtains the mass transfer coefficient by minimizing the sum of the differences between the simulated and experimental ozone concentration during the whole absorption process,without the limitation of linear relationship between the dissolved ozone concentration and absorption time during the initial stage of absorption.Comparison of the ozone concentration profiles between the simulation and experimental data demonstrates that Simplex method may determine ozone mass transfer coefficient during absorption in an accurate and high efficiency way with wide applicability.
基金Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia grant UKM-KK-03-FRGS 0118-2010Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka for supporting these research activities
文摘An effective and simple way to develop equations from impact strain signals was proposed.Little research has been performed in this area,but this equation is very important for evaluating input signals in finite element analysis impact tests and for obtaining additional information on material deformation and fracture processes under impact loading.For this purpose,dynamic impact responses were examined through signals obtained from a strain gauge installed on an impact striker connected to a data acquisition system.Aluminium 6061-T6 was used to extract strain responses on the striker during Charpy impact testing.Statistical analysis was performed using the I-kaz method,and curve fitting equations based on the equation for vibration response under a non-periodic force were used to evaluate the Charpy impact signals.The I-kaz coefficients and curve fitting equations were then compared and discussed with related parameters,such as velocities and thicknesses.Velocity and thickness were found to be related to the strain signal patterns,curve fitting equations and I-kaz coefficients.The equations developed using this method had R2 values greater than 97.7%.Finally,the constructed equations were determined to be suitable for evaluating Charpy impact strain signal patterns and obtaining additional information on fracture processes under impact loading.
基金Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （ 50777070）, Science and Technique Project of Chongqing （CSTC, 2007AC2041 ）.
文摘The SF6 decomposed products are very alike,so the peaks of the SF6 decomposed products are overlapped.It make us hard to quantitatively calculate.This paper introduced a method to separate the overlapped chromatogram peaks with iterative curve-fitting and Gauss function,and deduced the formula of the iterative curve-fitting;provided a method to calculate the initial value of the peaks intensity and width by iterative formula,and confirm the final peaks intensity and width to separate the overlapped signals.By the analysis of the real chromatogram data,it proved the validity of this method on the main components used in distinguishing the GIS internal defects.This method overcomes the influence of SF6 peak to the other thin concentration peaks,so it can be used in the study of the quantitative analysis of the decomposed products on different failures and different voltages.
基金Project(2013CB035504) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(2012zzts078) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University,ChinaProject(2009ZX02038) supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘An intuitive method for circle fitting is proposed. Assuming an approximate circle(CA,n) for the fitting of some scattered points, it can be imagined that every point would apply a force to CA,n, which all together form an overall effect that "draws" CA,n towards best fitting to the group of points. The basic element of the force is called circular attracting factor(CAF) which is defined as a real scalar in a radial direction of CA,n. An iterative algorithm based on this idea is proposed, and the convergence and accuracy are analyzed. The algorithm converges uniformly which is proved by the analysis of Lyapunov function, and the accuracy of the algorithm is in accord with that of geometric least squares of circle fitting. The algorithm is adopted to circle detection in grayscale images, in which the transferring to binary images is not required, and thus the algorithm is less sensitive to lightening and background noise. The main point for the adaption is the calculation of CAF which is extended in radial directions of CA,n for the whole image. All pixels would apply forces to CA,n, and the overall effect of forces would be equivalent to a force from the centroid of pixels to CA,n. The forces from would-be edge pixels would overweigh that from noisy pixels, so the following approximate circle would be of better fitting. To reduce the amount of calculation, pixels are only used in an annular area including the boundary of CA,n just in between for the calculation of CAF. Examples are given, showing the process of circle fitting of scattered points around a circle from an initial assuming circle, comparing the fitting results for scattered points from some related literature, applying the method proposed for circular edge detection in grayscale images with noise, and/or with only partial arc of a circle, and for circle detection in BGA inspection.
文摘最小二乘逆时偏移(least-squares reverse time migration,LSRTM)具有更高的成像分辨率、振幅保真性及均衡性等优势。然而,目前的LSRTM算法大多基于水平地表假设,在面对复杂地形时无法很好地适应剧烈的起伏地表。基于二阶常密度声波方程的LSRTM算法忽略了密度变化对振幅的影响,很难在变密度介质中取得保真的成像结果。为此,从一阶速度-应力方程出发,在曲线坐标系下推导相应的扰动方程和伴随方程,并通过伴随状态法给出梯度更新公式,最终实现基于贴体网格的起伏地表LSRTM算法。模型试算验证了算法的有效性和对复杂地表的适应性。结果表明,提出的算法能够消除起伏地表的影响、压制低频噪声、恢复高频成分、均衡成像振幅,实现地下变密度介质的高分辨率和高保真度成像。
文摘为解决电池模组极柱焊接缺陷检测精度低、效率低的问题,提出了一种基于机器视觉的焊接缺陷检测算法。首先,对采集图像进行预处理操作;其次,通过组件筛选结合改进的Canny算法获取目标区域的无干扰边缘轮廓,为了改善拟合干扰现象,利用基于密度的聚类(density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)算法对焊接区域的内外圆边缘点集进行分离;然后,采用改进的最小二乘法对内外圆点集分别进行拟合得到精准的焊接区域;最后,以焊接区域内外圆的面积差和同心度来检测焊接面积缺陷和焊偏,通过双向扫面检测法进行焊接区域灰度值遍历,根据对应的灰度值范围和区域大小来检测焊穿和炸点缺陷。实验表明,该算法能够精确拟合焊接区域并准确识别出焊接缺陷,具有较高的检测精度和效率,能够满足工业生产需求。
文摘针对实际点云数据中存在的噪点与缺陷对拟合平面时带来的影响,提出一种基于最小平方中值算法(least median of squares,LMedS)与距离加权总体最小二乘法(weighted total least squares based on distance,WTLSD)相结合的平面拟合算法。通过最小平方中值算法初步去除点云中的噪点,并基于距离构建初始权重矩阵,利用距离加权总体最小二乘法对点云进行平面拟合,减少平面中凸起与凹陷等缺陷对平面拟合的影响,该算法与传统平面拟合算法相比具备消除异常点与平面缺陷的优点,具备更高的拟合精度;与随机采样一致性算法(random sample consensus,RANSAC)相比具有更高的拟合效率与相近的拟合精度。
