According to the dara of trashed length, micro fiber angle, air density, ring width and late wood percentage, with the analysis of optimum method of classification, the boundary line of juvenile wood and maturewood of...According to the dara of trashed length, micro fiber angle, air density, ring width and late wood percentage, with the analysis of optimum method of classification, the boundary line of juvenile wood and maturewood of planted Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) was determined as the 14th year. Based on the variationpattern of these parameters, the prediction equations were established. Wood quality prediction can be realizedby these equations. By error analysis between the values of measured data and the values of prediction data, it isfound that the results of wood prediction of planted Chinese fire are satisfactory.展开更多
Ontogenetic aging of tissues and the gradual decrease of adventitious rooting are known challenges for the clonal propagation of woody species,hampering clonal forestry programs.This study examined possible signatures...Ontogenetic aging of tissues and the gradual decrease of adventitious rooting are known challenges for the clonal propagation of woody species,hampering clonal forestry programs.This study examined possible signatures of tissue rejuvenation/reinvigoration in different propagated materials of Eucalyptus microcorys by analyzing the total protein profile,peroxidase activity,macro-and micronutrient contents,and adventitious rooting of mini cuttings.The analyses were performed on E.microcorys shoots which were successfully obtained by seminal and grafting propagation,micropropagation with epicormic shoots,and indirect organogenesis.Among four mature trees used in the propagation,tissues from the one with the best propagation results were investigated for signs of tissue rejuvenation and/or reinvigoration.Five individuals from each technique were randomly selected and transferred to a semi-hydroponic"channel"system.After four weeks in the seedbed,the total protein,peroxidase activity,nutrient content and rooting of the mini cuttings were evaluated.SDS-PAGE enabled the differentiation of leaf samples obtained by grafting from the other propagation techniques,as revealed by two distinct bands.Materials obtained by micropropagation with epicormic shoots showed the highest peroxidase activity,while those obtained by seminal propagation and from the selected mature tree showed the lowest peroxidase activity.A portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscope(pXRF)identified adequate nutrient content in most of the nutrients tested in materials obtained by seminal and grafting propagation,and by indirect organogenesis.The analysis of adventitious rooting showed that the highest rooting percentage was observed in mini cuttings from seminal propagation(75%)followed by indirect organogenesis(35%).Based on principal component analysis,it was concluded that rooting of mini cuttings from both seminal propagation and indirect organogenesis was associated with phosphorous,sulphur,and potassium contents,which suggests a higher level of tissue rejuvenation/reinvigoration in these propagated plants.Further studies are recommended to search for other methods that present similarities with the responses to adventitious rooting in forest species and thus optimize the rescue and propagation of plants with distinct ontogenetic stages.展开更多
Khaya anthotheca is a hardwood species from Africa and recently introduced to Brazil. This species yields high-quality wood for diverse applications, but little has been done toward an effective propagation method for...Khaya anthotheca is a hardwood species from Africa and recently introduced to Brazil. This species yields high-quality wood for diverse applications, but little has been done toward an effective propagation method for large-scale production in nurseries. We evaluated the effects of different concentrations of macro and micronutrients（i.e., 100, 50 and 25% of the concentration of a referenced solution） combined with indole-3-butyric acid（IBA） at 0 and 2 g L-1 on the survival rate of mini-stumps and the survival and adventitious rooting of K. anthotheca mini-cuttings. The mini-stumps were grown from a source of seeds imported from Ghana, West Africa. The ministumps survived at a high rate（97%）. Consistently high shoot yields were obtained from the mini-stumps（average of 1.8 per mini-stump）. High survival percentage of minicuttings and adventitious rooting were observed when solutions with 100 and 50% of the nutrients concentration were combined with 2 g L-1 IBA. Histological sections analyzed through optical microscopy indicated the tissues from mini-cutting stems were juvenile, which might have stimulated adventitious rooting. These results have important implications for further work aimed at establishing propagation strategies for K. anthotheca, which are of prime importance for assisting breeding programs of this species.展开更多
Objective To examine the expression of FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP) in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and analyze its correlation with synovial inflammation. Methods The expression of FLIP was assessed in 11 J...Objective To examine the expression of FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP) in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and analyze its correlation with synovial inflammation. Methods The expression of FLIP was assessed in 11 JIA and 3 normal synovial tissue samples by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. The cell types expressing FLIP were further characterized,and the correlation of FLIP expression with the degree of synovial inflammation,as well as the activity of caspase 8 was then analyzed. Results RT-PCR revealed the expression of FLIP mRNA in all 11 JIA samples,but not in 3 normal synovial tissues. In JIA,FLIP expression could be found in both the lining and sublining layers,mainly in the macrophage-like cells. Moreover,the expression of FLIP in JIA synovial tissues was positively correlated with the degree of synovial inflammation (r=0.563,P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of antiapoptotic FLIP in JIA synovial tissue and its correlation to accumulation of inflammatory cells in synovial tissue suggests that FLIP potentially extends the lifespan of synovial cells and thus contributes to the progression of joint destruction.展开更多
In our investigation we studied fiber lengths and the transition age from juvenile to mature wood in Acer velutinum Boiss. For this purpose, samples from three normal maple trees at a Noshahr site in northern Iran wer...In our investigation we studied fiber lengths and the transition age from juvenile to mature wood in Acer velutinum Boiss. For this purpose, samples from three normal maple trees at a Noshahr site in northern Iran were selected. Disks were cut at breast height. Test samples were taken along a radial direction from the pith to the bark, accounting for every ring during a 48-year period. We used the Franklin method to distinguish between fibers of juvenile and mature wood. The results show that the fiber length in- creased along the radial direction from the pith to the bark. The transition age between juvenile and mature wood was determined at the 14th annual ring from the pith.展开更多
文摘According to the dara of trashed length, micro fiber angle, air density, ring width and late wood percentage, with the analysis of optimum method of classification, the boundary line of juvenile wood and maturewood of planted Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) was determined as the 14th year. Based on the variationpattern of these parameters, the prediction equations were established. Wood quality prediction can be realizedby these equations. By error analysis between the values of measured data and the values of prediction data, it isfound that the results of wood prediction of planted Chinese fire are satisfactory.
基金supported by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel–Brazil (CAPES)the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)the Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas (FAPEMIG)。
文摘Ontogenetic aging of tissues and the gradual decrease of adventitious rooting are known challenges for the clonal propagation of woody species,hampering clonal forestry programs.This study examined possible signatures of tissue rejuvenation/reinvigoration in different propagated materials of Eucalyptus microcorys by analyzing the total protein profile,peroxidase activity,macro-and micronutrient contents,and adventitious rooting of mini cuttings.The analyses were performed on E.microcorys shoots which were successfully obtained by seminal and grafting propagation,micropropagation with epicormic shoots,and indirect organogenesis.Among four mature trees used in the propagation,tissues from the one with the best propagation results were investigated for signs of tissue rejuvenation and/or reinvigoration.Five individuals from each technique were randomly selected and transferred to a semi-hydroponic"channel"system.After four weeks in the seedbed,the total protein,peroxidase activity,nutrient content and rooting of the mini cuttings were evaluated.SDS-PAGE enabled the differentiation of leaf samples obtained by grafting from the other propagation techniques,as revealed by two distinct bands.Materials obtained by micropropagation with epicormic shoots showed the highest peroxidase activity,while those obtained by seminal propagation and from the selected mature tree showed the lowest peroxidase activity.A portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscope(pXRF)identified adequate nutrient content in most of the nutrients tested in materials obtained by seminal and grafting propagation,and by indirect organogenesis.The analysis of adventitious rooting showed that the highest rooting percentage was observed in mini cuttings from seminal propagation(75%)followed by indirect organogenesis(35%).Based on principal component analysis,it was concluded that rooting of mini cuttings from both seminal propagation and indirect organogenesis was associated with phosphorous,sulphur,and potassium contents,which suggests a higher level of tissue rejuvenation/reinvigoration in these propagated plants.Further studies are recommended to search for other methods that present similarities with the responses to adventitious rooting in forest species and thus optimize the rescue and propagation of plants with distinct ontogenetic stages.
基金supported by CNPq(National Council for Scientific and Technological Development,Brazil)CAPES(Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel,Brazil)
文摘Khaya anthotheca is a hardwood species from Africa and recently introduced to Brazil. This species yields high-quality wood for diverse applications, but little has been done toward an effective propagation method for large-scale production in nurseries. We evaluated the effects of different concentrations of macro and micronutrients（i.e., 100, 50 and 25% of the concentration of a referenced solution） combined with indole-3-butyric acid（IBA） at 0 and 2 g L-1 on the survival rate of mini-stumps and the survival and adventitious rooting of K. anthotheca mini-cuttings. The mini-stumps were grown from a source of seeds imported from Ghana, West Africa. The ministumps survived at a high rate（97%）. Consistently high shoot yields were obtained from the mini-stumps（average of 1.8 per mini-stump）. High survival percentage of minicuttings and adventitious rooting were observed when solutions with 100 and 50% of the nutrients concentration were combined with 2 g L-1 IBA. Histological sections analyzed through optical microscopy indicated the tissues from mini-cutting stems were juvenile, which might have stimulated adventitious rooting. These results have important implications for further work aimed at establishing propagation strategies for K. anthotheca, which are of prime importance for assisting breeding programs of this species.
基金Supported by grants from the Chinese Ministry of Health (2008BAI59B01)the Department of Health of Sichuan province (020035)
文摘Objective To examine the expression of FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP) in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and analyze its correlation with synovial inflammation. Methods The expression of FLIP was assessed in 11 JIA and 3 normal synovial tissue samples by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. The cell types expressing FLIP were further characterized,and the correlation of FLIP expression with the degree of synovial inflammation,as well as the activity of caspase 8 was then analyzed. Results RT-PCR revealed the expression of FLIP mRNA in all 11 JIA samples,but not in 3 normal synovial tissues. In JIA,FLIP expression could be found in both the lining and sublining layers,mainly in the macrophage-like cells. Moreover,the expression of FLIP in JIA synovial tissues was positively correlated with the degree of synovial inflammation (r=0.563,P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of antiapoptotic FLIP in JIA synovial tissue and its correlation to accumulation of inflammatory cells in synovial tissue suggests that FLIP potentially extends the lifespan of synovial cells and thus contributes to the progression of joint destruction.
文摘In our investigation we studied fiber lengths and the transition age from juvenile to mature wood in Acer velutinum Boiss. For this purpose, samples from three normal maple trees at a Noshahr site in northern Iran were selected. Disks were cut at breast height. Test samples were taken along a radial direction from the pith to the bark, accounting for every ring during a 48-year period. We used the Franklin method to distinguish between fibers of juvenile and mature wood. The results show that the fiber length in- creased along the radial direction from the pith to the bark. The transition age between juvenile and mature wood was determined at the 14th annual ring from the pith.
