BACKGROUND： von Willebrand factor （vWF） is only released from endothelial cells and platelets and is an in vivo and in vitro marker of endothelial injury in septic patients with acute lung injury （ALI）. Interleuk...BACKGROUND： von Willebrand factor （vWF） is only released from endothelial cells and platelets and is an in vivo and in vitro marker of endothelial injury in septic patients with acute lung injury （ALI）. Interleukin-8 （IL-8）, as a proinflammatory mediator causing recruitment of inflammatory cells, induces an increase in oxidant stress mediators and makes it as a key parameter for localized inflammation. However, it has not been well established whether the level of serum IL-8 is associated with the severity of lung injury and whether it is a prognosis marker for severe lung contusion. This study was to investigate the expression of plasma vWF and IL-8 and their association with the severity and outcomes of severe pulmonary contusion.METHODS： A total of 63 patients were divided into a severe pulmonary contusion with acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） group and a non-ARDS group, or a survivor group and a non- survivor group, or an injury severity score （ISS） 〈20 group and an ISS 〉20 group. Another 20 healthy volunteers served as controls. The levels of plasma vWF and serum IL-8 were measured by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） at 1,3, 5 and 7 days after injury. The expression patterns of the plasma vWF and serum IL-8 were compared between different groups. RESULTS： The concentrations of plasma vWF and serum IL-8 were significantly increased in all severe pulmonary contusion patients at all time points in comparison with the control group. The concentrations of plasma vWF in patients with ARDS increased during the whole study period, but vWF in patients with non-ARDS increased gradually until day 5 and then decreased at day 7. The concentration of serum IL-8 showed a similar expression pattern in both groups, but the expression increased more significantly in the ARDS group than in the non-ARDS group. Interestingly, both plasma vWF and serum IL-8 levels steadily increased in the non-survivor group. Furthermore, the level of plasma vWF was higher in the ISS〉20 group than in the ISS〈20 group. The level of serum IL-8 in the ISS〉20 group was consistently high, while that in the ISS〈20 group peaked at day 3 and decreased at day 5. In addition, the level of plasma vWF was positively correlated with platelet count, but negatively correlated with oxygen index. The level of serum IL-8 was positively correlated with white blood cell count and ISS score, and inversely correlated with oxygen index. CONCLUDION： The elevated levels of plasma vWF and serum IL-8 in severe pulmonary contusion patients reflect the severity of pulmonary injury and patients outcomes, suggesting that the plasma vWF and serum IL-8 are sensitive markers for clinical evaluation of the severity of pulmonary injury and predication of patient prognosis.展开更多
Objective To identify an interaction between the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism and risk of Al-zheimer’s disease. Methods The study included 117 healthy controls, 85 patients with Alzheimer’s di...Objective To identify an interaction between the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism and risk of Al-zheimer’s disease. Methods The study included 117 healthy controls, 85 patients with Alzheimer’s disease in a Northeastern Chinese popu-lation of Han nationality. Genotypes were determined by a polymerase chain reaction amplification of the intron 2 fragment, harbouring a variable number of short tandem nucleotide sequences. Amplification products were separated on a 2% agarose gel. Results The allele 2 frequency was 27% in healthy controls, and 21% in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Thus for all-ele 2 as well as for all other alleles, genotypes, or carriage rates, no significant differences compared with controls. Conclusions No association of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism with Alzheimer’s disease was iden-tified in this population. It is also possible that the increased risk and disease modifying effects are caused by linkage disequ-ilibrium with other genomic variants in other nearby genes.展开更多
To evaluate the change of perioperative cell mediated immunity after cardiac operation with cardiopul-monary bypass (CPB), so as to provide some information for timely prevention and treatment against post-operative i...To evaluate the change of perioperative cell mediated immunity after cardiac operation with cardiopul-monary bypass (CPB), so as to provide some information for timely prevention and treatment against post-operative immunological disorder, 40 patients were studied. By searching for the effects of CPB and anes-thesia, interleukln-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression upon the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC), as well as interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in vitro was traced 55 min after anesthesia, at end ofCPB, on postoperative 1, 7, and 14 day versus preanesthesia control. Our data demonstrated that expres-sion of IL-2R on PBMC was significantly suppressed in all comparing with the baseline value, meanwhile,IL-2 production in vitro also statistically dropped. However,no statistical difference was found on perioper-ative IL 2R expression and IL-2 synthesis in the cholecystectomy group. We conclude that postoperativeimmunological disorder seems to be the main factor, which could be denoted as reduced IL 2R expressionon PBMC and lL-2 synthesis in vitro for sepsis, even multiple system organ failure developed after cardiacsurgery.展开更多
BACKGROUND：Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 （TREM-1） in the intestine was upregulated and correlated with disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases. Membrane- bound TREM-1 protein is increased...BACKGROUND：Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 （TREM-1） in the intestine was upregulated and correlated with disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases. Membrane- bound TREM-1 protein is increased in the pancreas, liver and kidneys of patients with severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）, suggesting that TREM-1 may act as an important mediator of inflammation and subsequent extra-pancreatic organ injury. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of TREM-1 in intestinal tissue and intestinal barrier dysfunction in SAP. METHODS： Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group （SO group, n=32） and a SAP group （n=32）. A SAP model was established by retrograde injection of 5% sodium deoxycholate into the bile-pancreatic duct. Specimens were taken from blood and intestinal tissue 2, 6, 12, and 48 hours after operation respectively. The levels of D-lactate, diamine oxidase （DAO） and endotoxin in serum were measured using an improved spectro-photometric method. The expression levels of TREM-1, interleukin-1β （IL-1β）, and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） mRNA in terminal ileum were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Specimens of the distal ileum were taken to determine pathological changes by a validated histology score. The serum levels of D-lactate, DAO and endotoxin were significantly increased in each subgroup of SAP compared with the SO group （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）. The expression levels of TREM-1, IL-1β and TNF-a mRNA in the terminal ileum in each subgroup of SAP were significantly higher than those in the SO group （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）. The expression level of TREM-lmRNA was positively correlated with IL-1βand TNF-α mRNA （r=0.956, P=0.044; r=0.986, P=0.015）, but the correlation was not found between IL-1β mRNA and TNF-a mRNA （P=0.133）. Compared to the SO group, the pathological changes were aggravated significantly in the SAP group. CONCLUSIONS： The expression level of TREM-1 in intestinal tissue of rats with SAP was elevated, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators and intestinal mucosal injury. This finding indicates that TREM-I might play an important role in the development of intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with SAP.展开更多
Research has been carried out to look for safe and effective anti-inflammation drugs from traditional Chinese herbal medicine. As a powerful research technology of life science, molecular biology has entered many area...Research has been carried out to look for safe and effective anti-inflammation drugs from traditional Chinese herbal medicine. As a powerful research technology of life science, molecular biology has entered many areas of traditional Chinese medicine.This study aimed to investigate the effect of triptolide on tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-8 （IL-8） of peritoneal macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） in mice. Peritoneal elicited macrophages were separated, purified and activated by LPS in mice, then cultured in vitro with triptolide at different concentrations. The activity of TNF-a and the level of IL-8 of cellular supernatants were determined by MTT colorimetric assay and ELISA, respectively. The activity of TNF-a in macrophages was significantly inhibited （P〈0.01） by triptolide （10^-1-10^1μg/ml） during 4-24 hours in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The level of IL-8 in macrophages was significantly inhibited （P〈0.01） by triptolide （10^-1-10^1g/ml） in 12 hours in a dose- dependent manner. Triptolide could inhibit the activity of TNF-a and the level of IL-8 in macrophages activated by LPS.展开更多
Objective： To investigate whether remifentanil induced cardioprotecting effect is associated with expression of toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）, nuclear factor rB （NF-r.B） and serum interleukin -6 （IL-6）. Methods：...Objective： To investigate whether remifentanil induced cardioprotecting effect is associated with expression of toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）, nuclear factor rB （NF-r.B） and serum interleukin -6 （IL-6）. Methods： Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups （n=10） according to the treatment： sham operation group （group A）, ischemla-reperfusion group （group B）, low-dose remifentanil group （group C）, mediate-dose remifentanil group （group D）, and high-dose remlfentanil group （group E） Myocardial TLR4 mRNA levels, NF-r.B protein expression and serum levels of IL-6 were observed in 120 min after reperfusion. Results： The myocardial expressions of TLR4 mRNA, NF-rd3 protein and IL-6 level in sera of groups B, C, D and E were elevated compared with group A. However, remifentanil significantly reduced the levels of TLR4 mRNA, NF- r.B protein expression and serum IL-6 in groups C, D and E compared with group B. There were remarkable differences between the groups （P〈O.O1）. Conclusion： Intravenous remifentanil has protective effect against rabbit myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. This effect may be associated with TLR4, NF-r.B expressions on myocytes and serum level of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner展开更多
Objective： To explore the role of activated liver X receptor α （LXRα） on the expressions of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-4 （IRAK-4） and NF-kappaB （NF-κB） in the inflammatory response which induce...Objective： To explore the role of activated liver X receptor α （LXRα） on the expressions of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-4 （IRAK-4） and NF-kappaB （NF-κB） in the inflammatory response which induced by LPS in the Kupffer cells and to investigate the possible mechanisms of LXRα negative regulation of inflammatory response. Methods： The Kupffer cells were isolated from male Kunming mice by collagen perfusion in situ. And these cells were divided into 4 groups： normal control group, LPS treatment group, LXRct agonist T0901317 treatment group, LPS and T0901317 combined treatment group. The LPS treatment group were treated with a final concentration of 1 μg/ml LPS in RPMI 1640 and cultured for 6 h, the T0901317 treatment group were treated with a final concentration of 5 μg/ml in RPMI 1640 and cultured for 24 h, and the combined treatment group received pre-culture for 24 h with a final concentration of 1μg/ml T0901317 in RPMI 1640 and then cultured for 6 h with a final concentration of 5 μg/ml LPS in RPMI 1640. All groups were cultured for 30 h. The expression of LXRα, IRAK-4 and NF-κB at mRNA and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, and the TNF-α and IL-1β levels were detected by ELISA. Results： The levels of LXRα mRNA and protein were highest in T0901317 group, and lowest in LPS group （P〈0.05）. The level of IRAK4 and NF-κB mRNAs and proteins were evidently lower in the Combined-treated group than in LPS group （P〈0.05）. And the level of TNF-α and IL-1 were observed highest in LPS group （P〈0.05）, but no difference among the Control group, T0901317 group and Combined-treated group （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： These date suggest that the LXR agonists can effectively up-regulate the expressions of LXRα mRNA and protein and inhibit the inflammatory response. This may be via down-regulating the expressions of IRAK4 and NF-κB at mRNA and protein levels.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND： von Willebrand factor （vWF） is only released from endothelial cells and platelets and is an in vivo and in vitro marker of endothelial injury in septic patients with acute lung injury （ALI）. Interleukin-8 （IL-8）, as a proinflammatory mediator causing recruitment of inflammatory cells, induces an increase in oxidant stress mediators and makes it as a key parameter for localized inflammation. However, it has not been well established whether the level of serum IL-8 is associated with the severity of lung injury and whether it is a prognosis marker for severe lung contusion. This study was to investigate the expression of plasma vWF and IL-8 and their association with the severity and outcomes of severe pulmonary contusion.METHODS： A total of 63 patients were divided into a severe pulmonary contusion with acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） group and a non-ARDS group, or a survivor group and a non- survivor group, or an injury severity score （ISS） 〈20 group and an ISS 〉20 group. Another 20 healthy volunteers served as controls. The levels of plasma vWF and serum IL-8 were measured by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） at 1,3, 5 and 7 days after injury. The expression patterns of the plasma vWF and serum IL-8 were compared between different groups. RESULTS： The concentrations of plasma vWF and serum IL-8 were significantly increased in all severe pulmonary contusion patients at all time points in comparison with the control group. The concentrations of plasma vWF in patients with ARDS increased during the whole study period, but vWF in patients with non-ARDS increased gradually until day 5 and then decreased at day 7. The concentration of serum IL-8 showed a similar expression pattern in both groups, but the expression increased more significantly in the ARDS group than in the non-ARDS group. Interestingly, both plasma vWF and serum IL-8 levels steadily increased in the non-survivor group. Furthermore, the level of plasma vWF was higher in the ISS〉20 group than in the ISS〈20 group. The level of serum IL-8 in the ISS〉20 group was consistently high, while that in the ISS〈20 group peaked at day 3 and decreased at day 5. In addition, the level of plasma vWF was positively correlated with platelet count, but negatively correlated with oxygen index. The level of serum IL-8 was positively correlated with white blood cell count and ISS score, and inversely correlated with oxygen index. CONCLUDION： The elevated levels of plasma vWF and serum IL-8 in severe pulmonary contusion patients reflect the severity of pulmonary injury and patients outcomes, suggesting that the plasma vWF and serum IL-8 are sensitive markers for clinical evaluation of the severity of pulmonary injury and predication of patient prognosis.
基金Supported by a grant from the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (D01-21) and partly by the National Postdoctoral Research Foundation (LRB 00071).
文摘Objective To identify an interaction between the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism and risk of Al-zheimer’s disease. Methods The study included 117 healthy controls, 85 patients with Alzheimer’s disease in a Northeastern Chinese popu-lation of Han nationality. Genotypes were determined by a polymerase chain reaction amplification of the intron 2 fragment, harbouring a variable number of short tandem nucleotide sequences. Amplification products were separated on a 2% agarose gel. Results The allele 2 frequency was 27% in healthy controls, and 21% in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Thus for all-ele 2 as well as for all other alleles, genotypes, or carriage rates, no significant differences compared with controls. Conclusions No association of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism with Alzheimer’s disease was iden-tified in this population. It is also possible that the increased risk and disease modifying effects are caused by linkage disequ-ilibrium with other genomic variants in other nearby genes.
文摘To evaluate the change of perioperative cell mediated immunity after cardiac operation with cardiopul-monary bypass (CPB), so as to provide some information for timely prevention and treatment against post-operative immunological disorder, 40 patients were studied. By searching for the effects of CPB and anes-thesia, interleukln-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression upon the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC), as well as interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in vitro was traced 55 min after anesthesia, at end ofCPB, on postoperative 1, 7, and 14 day versus preanesthesia control. Our data demonstrated that expres-sion of IL-2R on PBMC was significantly suppressed in all comparing with the baseline value, meanwhile,IL-2 production in vitro also statistically dropped. However,no statistical difference was found on perioper-ative IL 2R expression and IL-2 synthesis in the cholecystectomy group. We conclude that postoperativeimmunological disorder seems to be the main factor, which could be denoted as reduced IL 2R expressionon PBMC and lL-2 synthesis in vitro for sepsis, even multiple system organ failure developed after cardiacsurgery.
基金The study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （81070287）.
文摘BACKGROUND：Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 （TREM-1） in the intestine was upregulated and correlated with disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases. Membrane- bound TREM-1 protein is increased in the pancreas, liver and kidneys of patients with severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）, suggesting that TREM-1 may act as an important mediator of inflammation and subsequent extra-pancreatic organ injury. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of TREM-1 in intestinal tissue and intestinal barrier dysfunction in SAP. METHODS： Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group （SO group, n=32） and a SAP group （n=32）. A SAP model was established by retrograde injection of 5% sodium deoxycholate into the bile-pancreatic duct. Specimens were taken from blood and intestinal tissue 2, 6, 12, and 48 hours after operation respectively. The levels of D-lactate, diamine oxidase （DAO） and endotoxin in serum were measured using an improved spectro-photometric method. The expression levels of TREM-1, interleukin-1β （IL-1β）, and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） mRNA in terminal ileum were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Specimens of the distal ileum were taken to determine pathological changes by a validated histology score. The serum levels of D-lactate, DAO and endotoxin were significantly increased in each subgroup of SAP compared with the SO group （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）. The expression levels of TREM-1, IL-1β and TNF-a mRNA in the terminal ileum in each subgroup of SAP were significantly higher than those in the SO group （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）. The expression level of TREM-lmRNA was positively correlated with IL-1βand TNF-α mRNA （r=0.956, P=0.044; r=0.986, P=0.015）, but the correlation was not found between IL-1β mRNA and TNF-a mRNA （P=0.133）. Compared to the SO group, the pathological changes were aggravated significantly in the SAP group. CONCLUSIONS： The expression level of TREM-1 in intestinal tissue of rats with SAP was elevated, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators and intestinal mucosal injury. This finding indicates that TREM-I might play an important role in the development of intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with SAP.
文摘Research has been carried out to look for safe and effective anti-inflammation drugs from traditional Chinese herbal medicine. As a powerful research technology of life science, molecular biology has entered many areas of traditional Chinese medicine.This study aimed to investigate the effect of triptolide on tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-8 （IL-8） of peritoneal macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） in mice. Peritoneal elicited macrophages were separated, purified and activated by LPS in mice, then cultured in vitro with triptolide at different concentrations. The activity of TNF-a and the level of IL-8 of cellular supernatants were determined by MTT colorimetric assay and ELISA, respectively. The activity of TNF-a in macrophages was significantly inhibited （P〈0.01） by triptolide （10^-1-10^1μg/ml） during 4-24 hours in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The level of IL-8 in macrophages was significantly inhibited （P〈0.01） by triptolide （10^-1-10^1g/ml） in 12 hours in a dose- dependent manner. Triptolide could inhibit the activity of TNF-a and the level of IL-8 in macrophages activated by LPS.
基金Supported by Shaanxi Provincial Scientific and Technological Research Projects (2008K13-02)
文摘Objective： To investigate whether remifentanil induced cardioprotecting effect is associated with expression of toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）, nuclear factor rB （NF-r.B） and serum interleukin -6 （IL-6）. Methods： Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups （n=10） according to the treatment： sham operation group （group A）, ischemla-reperfusion group （group B）, low-dose remifentanil group （group C）, mediate-dose remifentanil group （group D）, and high-dose remlfentanil group （group E） Myocardial TLR4 mRNA levels, NF-r.B protein expression and serum levels of IL-6 were observed in 120 min after reperfusion. Results： The myocardial expressions of TLR4 mRNA, NF-rd3 protein and IL-6 level in sera of groups B, C, D and E were elevated compared with group A. However, remifentanil significantly reduced the levels of TLR4 mRNA, NF- r.B protein expression and serum IL-6 in groups C, D and E compared with group B. There were remarkable differences between the groups （P〈O.O1）. Conclusion： Intravenous remifentanil has protective effect against rabbit myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. This effect may be associated with TLR4, NF-r.B expressions on myocytes and serum level of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30530360 and 30772098)
文摘Objective： To explore the role of activated liver X receptor α （LXRα） on the expressions of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-4 （IRAK-4） and NF-kappaB （NF-κB） in the inflammatory response which induced by LPS in the Kupffer cells and to investigate the possible mechanisms of LXRα negative regulation of inflammatory response. Methods： The Kupffer cells were isolated from male Kunming mice by collagen perfusion in situ. And these cells were divided into 4 groups： normal control group, LPS treatment group, LXRct agonist T0901317 treatment group, LPS and T0901317 combined treatment group. The LPS treatment group were treated with a final concentration of 1 μg/ml LPS in RPMI 1640 and cultured for 6 h, the T0901317 treatment group were treated with a final concentration of 5 μg/ml in RPMI 1640 and cultured for 24 h, and the combined treatment group received pre-culture for 24 h with a final concentration of 1μg/ml T0901317 in RPMI 1640 and then cultured for 6 h with a final concentration of 5 μg/ml LPS in RPMI 1640. All groups were cultured for 30 h. The expression of LXRα, IRAK-4 and NF-κB at mRNA and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, and the TNF-α and IL-1β levels were detected by ELISA. Results： The levels of LXRα mRNA and protein were highest in T0901317 group, and lowest in LPS group （P〈0.05）. The level of IRAK4 and NF-κB mRNAs and proteins were evidently lower in the Combined-treated group than in LPS group （P〈0.05）. And the level of TNF-α and IL-1 were observed highest in LPS group （P〈0.05）, but no difference among the Control group, T0901317 group and Combined-treated group （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： These date suggest that the LXR agonists can effectively up-regulate the expressions of LXRα mRNA and protein and inhibit the inflammatory response. This may be via down-regulating the expressions of IRAK4 and NF-κB at mRNA and protein levels.
