Integrated-energy systems(IESs)are key to advancing renewable-energy utilization and addressing environmental challenges.Key components of IESs include low-carbon,economic dispatch and demand response,for maximizing r...Integrated-energy systems(IESs)are key to advancing renewable-energy utilization and addressing environmental challenges.Key components of IESs include low-carbon,economic dispatch and demand response,for maximizing renewable-energy consumption and supporting sustainable-energy systems.User participation is central to demand response;however,many users are not inclined to engage actively;therefore,the full potential of demand response remains unrealized.User satisfaction must be prioritized in demand-response assessments.This study proposed a two-stage,capacity-optimization configuration method for user-level energy systems con-sidering thermal inertia and user satisfaction.This method addresses load coordination and complementary issues within the IES and seeks to minimize the annual,total cost for determining equipment capacity configurations while introducing models for system thermal inertia and user satisfaction.Indoor heating is adjusted,for optimizing device output and load profiles,with a focus on typical,daily,economic,and environmental objectives.The studyfindings indicate that the system thermal inertia optimizes energy-system scheduling considering user satisfaction.This optimization mitigates environmental concerns and enhances clean-energy integration.展开更多
To support ubiquitous communication and enhance other 6G applications,the Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network(SAGIN)has become a research hotspot.Traditionally,satellite-ground fusion technologies integrate network en...To support ubiquitous communication and enhance other 6G applications,the Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network(SAGIN)has become a research hotspot.Traditionally,satellite-ground fusion technologies integrate network entities from space,aerial,and terrestrial domains.However,they face challenges such as spectrum scarcity and inefficient satellite handover.This paper explores the Channel-Aware Handover Management(CAHM)strategy in SAGIN for data allocation.Specifically,CAHM utilizes the data receiving capability of Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellites,considering satellite-ground distance,free-space path loss,and channel gain.Furthermore,CAHM assesses LEO satellite data forwarding capability using signal-to-noise ratio,link duration and buffer queue length.Then,CAHM applies historical data on LEO satellite transmission successes and failures to effectively reduce overall interruption ratio.Simulation results show that CAHM outperforms baseline algorithms in terms of delivery ratio,latency,and interruption ratio.展开更多
The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an over...The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosis/treatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a joint power and frequency allocation algorithm considering interference protection in the integrated satellite and terrestrial network(ISTN).We efficiently utilize spectrum resources by allo...In this paper,we propose a joint power and frequency allocation algorithm considering interference protection in the integrated satellite and terrestrial network(ISTN).We efficiently utilize spectrum resources by allowing user equipment(UE)of terrestrial networks to share frequencies with satellite networks.In order to protect the satellite terminal(ST),the base station(BS)needs to control the transmit power and frequency resources of the UE.The optimization problem involves maximizing the achievable throughput while satisfying the interference protection constraints of the ST and the quality of service(QoS)of the UE.However,this problem is highly nonconvex,and we decompose it into power allocation and frequency resource scheduling subproblems.In the power allocation subproblem,we propose a power allocation algorithm based on interference probability(PAIP)to address channel uncertainty.We obtain the suboptimal power allocation solution through iterative optimization.In the frequency resource scheduling subproblem,we develop a heuristic algorithm to handle the non-convexity of the problem.The simulation results show that the combination of power allocation and frequency resource scheduling algorithms can improve spectrum utilization.展开更多
The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled p...The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled phased array antenna system is a necessary trend for the future development of the phased array,and it is also a major focus and difficulty in the current research of integrated microwave photonics.This paper firstly introduces the basic principle and development history of optical true time delay phased array antenna system based on microwave photonics,and briefly introduces the main implementation methods and integration platform of optical true time delay.Then,the application and development prospect of optical true time delay technology in beam control of phased array antenna system are mainly presented.Finally,according to the current research progress,the possible research directions of integrated optically controlled phased array antenna systems in the future are proposed.展开更多
This paper studies the sensing base station(SBS)that has great potential to improve the safety of vehicles and pedestrians on roads.SBS can detect the targets on the road with communication signals using the integrate...This paper studies the sensing base station(SBS)that has great potential to improve the safety of vehicles and pedestrians on roads.SBS can detect the targets on the road with communication signals using the integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)technique.Compared with vehicle-mounted radar,SBS has a better sensing field due to its higher deployment position,which can help solve the problem of sensing blind areas.In this paper,key technologies of SBS are studied,including the beamforming algorithm,beam scanning scheme,and interference cancellation algorithm.To transmit and receive ISAC signals simultaneously,a double-coupling antenna array is applied.The free detection beam and directional communication beam are proposed for joint communication and sensing to meet the requirements of beamwidth and pointing directions.The joint timespace-frequency domain division multiple access algorithm is proposed to cancel the interference of SBS,including multiuser interference and duplex interference between sensing and communication.Finally,the sensing and communication performance of SBS under the industrial scientific medical power limitation is analyzed and simulated.Simulation results show that the communication rate of SBS can reach over 100 Mbps and the range of sensing and communication can reach about 500 m.展开更多
Due to its high space utilization efficiency and overall advantages,the"integrated station-bridge"design is widely used in high-speed rail stations.However,compared to traditional separated station-bridge st...Due to its high space utilization efficiency and overall advantages,the"integrated station-bridge"design is widely used in high-speed rail stations.However,compared to traditional separated station-bridge structures,the structure-borne noise generated by high-speed trains passing through these stations is more pronounced.To investigate the structure-borne noise radiation characteristics of these station designs,we developed a noise simulation model for the"integrated station-bridge"high-speed railway station and validated its reliability through comparison with test results.Building on this,we implemented the floating track slab between the track structure and the station platform to mitigate structure-borne noise.Furthermore,we examined the factors influencing the noise reduction effectiveness of the floating floor.The results indicated that train passages result in significant structure-borne noise issues in"integrated station-bridge"stations.The maximum sound pressure levels at the waiting hall and platform exceed 70 dB(A).After the implementation of the floating floor,the maximum sound pressure levels on each floor decreased by 11–14 dB(A).Additionally,increasing the thickness of the floating floor and reducing the stiffness of the steel spring bearings both enhanced the noise reduction effectiveness of the floating floor.展开更多
The sixth-generation(6G)networks will consist of multiple bands such as low-frequency,midfrequency,millimeter wave,terahertz and other bands to meet various business requirements and networking scenarios.The dynamic c...The sixth-generation(6G)networks will consist of multiple bands such as low-frequency,midfrequency,millimeter wave,terahertz and other bands to meet various business requirements and networking scenarios.The dynamic complementarity of multiple bands are crucial for enhancing the spectrum efficiency,reducing network energy consumption,and ensuring a consistent user experience.This paper investigates the present researches and challenges associated with deployment of multi-band integrated networks in existing infrastructures.Then,an evolutionary path for integrated networking is proposed with the consideration of maturity of emerging technologies and practical network deployment.The proposed design principles for 6G multi-band integrated networking aim to achieve on-demand networking objectives,while the architecture supports full spectrum access and collaboration between high and low frequencies.In addition,the potential key air interface technologies and intelligent technologies for integrated networking are comprehensively discussed.It will be a crucial basis for the subsequent standards promotion of 6G multi-band integrated networking technology.展开更多
Low-carbon smart parks achieve selfbalanced carbon emission and absorption through the cooperative scheduling of direct current(DC)-based distributed photovoltaic,energy storage units,and loads.Direct current power li...Low-carbon smart parks achieve selfbalanced carbon emission and absorption through the cooperative scheduling of direct current(DC)-based distributed photovoltaic,energy storage units,and loads.Direct current power line communication(DC-PLC)enables real-time data transmission on DC power lines.With traffic adaptation,DC-PLC can be integrated with other complementary media such as 5G to reduce transmission delay and improve reliability.However,traffic adaptation for DC-PLC and 5G integration still faces the challenges such as coupling between traffic admission control and traffic partition,dimensionality curse,and the ignorance of extreme event occurrence.To address these challenges,we propose a deep reinforcement learning(DRL)-based delay sensitive and reliable traffic adaptation algorithm(DSRTA)to minimize the total queuing delay under the constraints of traffic admission control,queuing delay,and extreme events occurrence probability.DSRTA jointly optimizes traffic admission control and traffic partition,and enables learning-based intelligent traffic adaptation.The long-term constraints are incorporated into both state and bound of drift-pluspenalty to achieve delay awareness and enforce reliability guarantee.Simulation results show that DSRTA has lower queuing delay and more reliable quality of service(QoS)guarantee than other state-of-the-art algorithms.展开更多
Herein,the effect of the Ru:Ni bimetallic composition in dual-function materials(DFMs)for the integrated CO_(2)capture and methanation process(ICCU-Methanation)is systematically evaluated and combined with a thorough ...Herein,the effect of the Ru:Ni bimetallic composition in dual-function materials(DFMs)for the integrated CO_(2)capture and methanation process(ICCU-Methanation)is systematically evaluated and combined with a thorough material characterization,as well as a mechanistic(in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared fourier-transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS))and computational(computational fluid dynamics(CFD)modelling)investigation,in order to improve the performance of Ni-based DFMs.The bimetallic DFMs are comprised of a main Ni active metallic phase(20 wt%)and are modified with low Ru loadings in the 0.1-1 wt%range(to keep the material cost low),supported on Na_(2)O/Al_(2)O_(3).It is shown that the addition of even a very low Ru loading(0.1-0.2 wt%)can drastically improve the material reducibility,exposing a significantly higher amount of surface-active metallic sites,with Ru being highly dispersed over the support and the Ni phase,while also forming some small Ru particles.This manifests in a significant enhancement in the CH_(4)yield and the CH_(4)production kinetics during ICCU-Methanation(which mainly proceeds via formate intermediates),with 0.2 wt%Ru addition leading to the best results.This bimetallic DFM also shows high stability and a relatively good performance under an oxidizing CO_(2)capture atmosphere.The formation rate of CH_(4)during hydrogenation is then further validated via CFD modelling and the developed model is subsequently applied in the prediction of the effect of other parameters,including the inlet H_(2)concentration,inlet flow rate,dual-fu nction material weight,and reactor internal diameter.展开更多
In the gas-coal integrated mining field,the conventional design method of pipeline coal pillars leads to a large amount of coal pillars being unrecovered and overlooks the pipeline's safety requirements.Considerin...In the gas-coal integrated mining field,the conventional design method of pipeline coal pillars leads to a large amount of coal pillars being unrecovered and overlooks the pipeline's safety requirements.Considering the coal pillar recovery rate and pipeline's safety requirements,two new shaped coal pillar design approaches for subsurface pipelines were developed.Firstly,the deformation limitations for measuring pipeline safety are categorized into two:no deformation is permitted,and deformation is acceptable within elastic limits.Subsequently,integrating the key stratum theory(KST)and cave angle,a fishbone-shaped coal pillar design approach that does not permit pipeline deformation is established.Meanwhile,combined with the ground subsidence and the pipeline's elastic deformation limit,a grille-shaped coal pillar design approach that accepts deformation pipelines within elastic limits is established.Those two new approaches clarify parameters including mined width,coal pillar width and mined length.Finally,the case study shows that the designed mined width,coal pillar width and mined length of the fishbone-shaped coal pillar are 90,80,and 130 m,while those of the grille-shaped are 320,370,and640 m.Compared with the conventional method,the fishbone-shaped and grille-shaped coal pillar design approaches recovered coal pillar resources of 2.65×10~6and 5.81×10~6t on the premise of meeting the pipeline safety requirements,and the recovery rates increased by 20.5%and 45.0%,with expenditures representing only 56.46%and 20.02%of the respective benefits.These new approaches provide managers with diverse options for protecting pipeline safety while promoting coal pillar recovery,which is conducive to the harmonic mining of gas-coal resources.展开更多
Addressing climate change and facilitating the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)have driven the development of hydrogen-coupled integrated energy systems(HIES),which enhance energy sustainabili...Addressing climate change and facilitating the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)have driven the development of hydrogen-coupled integrated energy systems(HIES),which enhance energy sustainability through coordinated electricity,thermal,natural gas,and hydrogen utilization.This study proposes a two-stage distributionally robust optimization(DRO)-based scheduling method to improve the economic efficiency and reduce carbon emissions of HIES.The framework incorporates a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism to regulate emissions and implements a demand response(DR)program to adjustflexible multi-energy loads,thereby prioritizing RES consumption.Uncertainties from RES generation and load demand are addressed through an ambiguity set,enabling robust decision-making.The column-and-constraint generation(C&CG)algorithm efficiently solves the two-stage DRO model.Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method reduces operational costs by 3.56%,increases photovoltaic consumption rates by 5.44%,and significantly lowers carbon emissions compared to conventional approaches.Furthermore,the DRO framework achieves a superior balance between conservativeness and robustness over conventional stochastic and robust optimization methods,highlighting its potential to advance cost-effective,low-carbon energy systems while ensuring grid stability under uncertainty.展开更多
The integrated communication and jamming(ICAJ)system recently has been proposed to enable communication and jamming(C&J)to reinforce each other in one system.By exploiting the diversity gain of multiple input mult...The integrated communication and jamming(ICAJ)system recently has been proposed to enable communication and jamming(C&J)to reinforce each other in one system.By exploiting the diversity gain of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)technology,a specific implementation form of ICAJ system,called communication-aided collaborative jamming system,is designed to transmit C&J signals at the same time and frequency.Different from previous studies which overlook the jamming prior information acquisition process and assume that the prior information is perfect or with bounded error,this paper takes the non-cooperative characteristics of jamming and the consequent difficulty in prior information acquisition into consideration.To analyze the tradeoff between C&J,the integration metric is proposed and then the corresponding system design problem is formulated.However,the non-convexity of problem and the lack of jamming prior information make the optimization tricky.In this case,blind channel estimation(BCE)is introduced to obtain an approximate channel state information(CSI)without interacting with jamming targets and then the neural network embedded with system performance calculation model is developed to establish the correspondence between the estimated CSI and optimal beamforming design.Furthermore,a hybrid data-driven and model-based approach,blind channel estimation-deep learning(BCEDL),is proposed to accomplish the beamforming design based on unsupervised learning for ICAJ system in non-cooperative scenarios.The simulation results show that the BCE-DL algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithms in the presence of CSI estimation errors and is a flexible approach which takes the best of both data-driven and model-based methods to design the ICAJ system.展开更多
Electromagnetic interference shielding(EMI SE)modules are the core com-ponent of modern electronics.However,the tra-ditional metal-based SE modules always take up indispensable three-dimensional space inside electroni...Electromagnetic interference shielding(EMI SE)modules are the core com-ponent of modern electronics.However,the tra-ditional metal-based SE modules always take up indispensable three-dimensional space inside electronics,posing a major obstacle to the integra-tion of electronics.The innovation of integrating 3D-printed conformal shielding(c-SE)modules with packaging materials onto core electronics offers infinite possibilities to satisfy ideal SE func-tion without occupying additional space.Herein,the 3D printable carbon-based inks with various proportions of graphene and carbon nanotube nanoparticles are well-formulated by manipulating their rheological peculiarity.Accordingly,the free-constructed architectures with arbitrarily-customized structure and multifunctionality are created via 3D printing.In particular,the SE performance of 3D-printed frame is up to 61.4 dB,simultaneously accompanied with an ultralight architecture of 0.076 g cm^(-3) and a superhigh specific shielding of 802.4 dB cm3 g^(-1).Moreover,as a proof-of-concept,the 3D-printed c-SE module is in situ integrated into core electronics,successfully replacing the traditional metal-based module to afford multiple functions for electromagnetic compatibility and thermal dissipa-tion.Thus,this scientific innovation completely makes up the blank for assembling carbon-based c-SE modules and sheds a brilliant light on developing the next generation of high-performance shielding materials with arbitrarily-customized structure for integrated electronics.展开更多
Integrated energy systems(IESs)can improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions,essential for achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality.This study investigated the characteristics of the CHP model...Integrated energy systems(IESs)can improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions,essential for achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality.This study investigated the characteristics of the CHP model considering P2G and carbon capture systems,and a two-stage robust optimization model of the electricity-heat-gascold integrated energy system was developed.First,a CHP model considering the P2G and carbon capture system was established,and the electric-thermal coupling characteristics and P2G capacity constraints of the model were derived,which proved that the model could weaken the electric-thermal coupling characteristics,increase the electric power regulation range,and reduce carbon emissions.Subsequently,a two-stage robust optimal scheduling model of an IES was constructed,in which the objective function in the day-ahead scheduling stage was to minimize the start-up and shutdown costs.The objective function in the real-time scheduling stage was to minimize the equipment operating costs,carbon emission costs,wind curtailment,and solar curtailment costs,considering multiple uncertainties.Finally,after the objective function is linearized with a ψ-piecewise method,the model is solved based on the C&CG algorithm.Simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively absorb renewable energy and reduce the total cost of the system.展开更多
Improving the reversibility of anionic redox and inhibiting irreversible oxygen evolution are the main challenges in the application of high reversible capacity Li-rich Mn-based cathode materials.A facile synchronous ...Improving the reversibility of anionic redox and inhibiting irreversible oxygen evolution are the main challenges in the application of high reversible capacity Li-rich Mn-based cathode materials.A facile synchronous lithiation strategy combining the advantages of yttrium doping and LiYO_(2) surface coating is proposed.Yttrium doping effectively suppresses the oxygen evolution during the delithiation process by increasing the energy barrier of oxygen evolution reaction through strong Y–O bond energy.LiYO_(2) nanocoating has the function of structural constraint and protection,that protecting the lattice oxygen exposed to the surface,thus avoiding irreversible oxidation.As an Li^(+) conductor,LiYO_(2) nano-coating can provide a fast Li^(+) transfer channel,which enables the sample to have excellent rate performance.The synergistic effect of Y doping and nano-LiYO_(2) coating integration suppresses the oxygen release from the surface,accelerates the diffusion of Li^(+)from electrolyte to electrode and decreases the interfacial side reactions,enabling the lithium ion batteries to obtain good electrochemical performance.The lithium-ion full cell employing the Y-1 sample(cathode)and commercial graphite(anode)exhibit an excellent specific energy density of 442.9 Wh kg^(-1) at a current density of 0.1C,with very stable safety performance,which can be used in a wide temperature range(60 to-15℃)stable operation.This result illustrates a new integration strategy for advanced cathode materials to achieve high specific energy density.展开更多
Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted ...Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted multi-user IDET system is studied,where all the received signals at the users are exploited for energy harvesting without the degradation of wireless data transfer(WDT)performance.The joint IDET performance is then analysed theoretically by conceiving a practical time-dependent wireless channel.With the aid of the AO based algorithm,the average effective data rate among users are maximized by ensuring the BER and the wireless energy transfer(WET)performance.Simulation results validate and evaluate the IDET performance of the EHM assisted system,which also demonstrates that the optimal number of user clusters and IDET time slots should be allocated,in order to improve the WET and WDT performance.展开更多
In this paper,an integrated estimation guidance and control(IEGC)system is designed based on the command filtered backstepping approach for circular field-of-view(FOV)strapdown missiles.The threedimensional integrated...In this paper,an integrated estimation guidance and control(IEGC)system is designed based on the command filtered backstepping approach for circular field-of-view(FOV)strapdown missiles.The threedimensional integrated estimation guidance and control nonlinear model with limited actuator deflection angle is established considering the seeker's FOV constraint.The boundary time-varying integral barrier Lyapunov function(IBLF)is employed in backstepping design to constrain the body line-of-sight(BLOS)in IEGC system to fit a circular FOV.Then,the nonlinear adaptive controller is designed to estimate the changing aerodynamic parameters.The generalized extended state observer(GESO)is designed to estimate the acceleration of the maneuvering targets and the unmatched time-varying disturbances for improving tracking accuracy.Furthermore,the command filters are used to solve the"differential expansion"problem during the backstepping design.The Lyapunov theory is used to prove the stability of the overall closed-loop IEGC system.Finally,the simulation results validate the integrated system's effectiveness,achieving high accuracy strikes against maneuvering targets.展开更多
The hybrid scenario,which has good confinement and moderate MHD instabilities,is a proposed operation scenario for international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER).In this work,the effect of plasma rotation on t...The hybrid scenario,which has good confinement and moderate MHD instabilities,is a proposed operation scenario for international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER).In this work,the effect of plasma rotation on the HL-3 hybrid scenario is analyzed with the integrated modeling framework OMFIT.The results show that toroidal rotation has no obvious effect on confinement with a high line averaged density of n_(bar)~(7)×10^(19)m^(-3).In this case,the ion temperature only changes from 4.7 keV to 4.4 keV with the rotation decreasing from 10^(5) rad/s to 10^(3) rad/s,which means that the turbulent heat transport is not dominant.While in the scenarios characterized by lower densities,such as n_(bar)~4×10^(19)m^(-3),turbulent transport becomes dominant in determining heat transport.The ion temperature rises from 3.8 keV to 6.1 keV in the core as the rotation velocity increases from 10^(3) rad/s to 10^(5) rad/s.Despite the ion temperature rising,the rotation velocity does not obviously affect electron temperature or density.Additionally,it is noteworthy that the variation in rotation velocity does not significantly affect the global confinement of plasma in scenarios with low density or with high density.展开更多
Despite the pressing demand for integrated spectrometers,a solution that deliver high-performance while being practically operated is still missing.Furthermore,current integrated spectrometers lack reconfigurability i...Despite the pressing demand for integrated spectrometers,a solution that deliver high-performance while being practically operated is still missing.Furthermore,current integrated spectrometers lack reconfigurability in their performance,which is highly desirable for dynamic working scenarios.This study presents a viable solution by demonstrating a userfriendly,reconfigurable spectrometer on silicon.At the core of this innovative spectrometer is a programmable photonic circuit capable of exhibiting diverse spectral responses,which can be significantly adjusted using on-chip phase shifters.The distinguishing feature of our spectrometer lies in its inverse design approach,facilitating effortless control and efficient manipulation of the programmable circuit.By eliminating the need for intricate configuration,our design reduces power consumption and mitigates control complexity.Additionally,our reconfigurable spectrometer offers two distinct operating conditions.In the Ultra-High-Performance mode,it is activated by multiple phase-shifters and achieves exceptional spectral resolution in the picometer scale while maintaining broad bandwidth.On the other hand,the Ease-of-Use mode further simplifies the control logic and reduces power consumption by actuating a single-phase shifter.Although this mode provides a slightly degraded spectral resolution of approximately 0.3 nm,it prioritizes ease of use and is wellsuited for applications where ultra-fine spectral reconstruction is not a primary requirement.展开更多
基金supported by the science and technology foundation of Guizhou province[2022]general 013the science and technology foundation of Guizhou province[2022]general 014+1 种基金the science and technology foundation of Guizhou province GCC[2022]016-1the educational technology foundation of Guizhou province[2022]043.
文摘Integrated-energy systems(IESs)are key to advancing renewable-energy utilization and addressing environmental challenges.Key components of IESs include low-carbon,economic dispatch and demand response,for maximizing renewable-energy consumption and supporting sustainable-energy systems.User participation is central to demand response;however,many users are not inclined to engage actively;therefore,the full potential of demand response remains unrealized.User satisfaction must be prioritized in demand-response assessments.This study proposed a two-stage,capacity-optimization configuration method for user-level energy systems con-sidering thermal inertia and user satisfaction.This method addresses load coordination and complementary issues within the IES and seeks to minimize the annual,total cost for determining equipment capacity configurations while introducing models for system thermal inertia and user satisfaction.Indoor heating is adjusted,for optimizing device output and load profiles,with a focus on typical,daily,economic,and environmental objectives.The studyfindings indicate that the system thermal inertia optimizes energy-system scheduling considering user satisfaction.This optimization mitigates environmental concerns and enhances clean-energy integration.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0139300)Hubei Province Key Research and Development Program(2024BAB051)+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B1515120067)Wuhan Key Research and Development Program(2024050702030136).
文摘To support ubiquitous communication and enhance other 6G applications,the Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network(SAGIN)has become a research hotspot.Traditionally,satellite-ground fusion technologies integrate network entities from space,aerial,and terrestrial domains.However,they face challenges such as spectrum scarcity and inefficient satellite handover.This paper explores the Channel-Aware Handover Management(CAHM)strategy in SAGIN for data allocation.Specifically,CAHM utilizes the data receiving capability of Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellites,considering satellite-ground distance,free-space path loss,and channel gain.Furthermore,CAHM assesses LEO satellite data forwarding capability using signal-to-noise ratio,link duration and buffer queue length.Then,CAHM applies historical data on LEO satellite transmission successes and failures to effectively reduce overall interruption ratio.Simulation results show that CAHM outperforms baseline algorithms in terms of delivery ratio,latency,and interruption ratio.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272004,62272041)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YWF-22-L-1256)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3402600)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(No.1870011182126)。
文摘The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosis/treatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.
基金funded by State Key Laboratory of Micro-Spacecraft Rapid Design and Intelligent Cluster under Grant MS01240103the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62071146National 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Wireless Communication Technologies under Grant 2242022k60006.
文摘In this paper,we propose a joint power and frequency allocation algorithm considering interference protection in the integrated satellite and terrestrial network(ISTN).We efficiently utilize spectrum resources by allowing user equipment(UE)of terrestrial networks to share frequencies with satellite networks.In order to protect the satellite terminal(ST),the base station(BS)needs to control the transmit power and frequency resources of the UE.The optimization problem involves maximizing the achievable throughput while satisfying the interference protection constraints of the ST and the quality of service(QoS)of the UE.However,this problem is highly nonconvex,and we decompose it into power allocation and frequency resource scheduling subproblems.In the power allocation subproblem,we propose a power allocation algorithm based on interference probability(PAIP)to address channel uncertainty.We obtain the suboptimal power allocation solution through iterative optimization.In the frequency resource scheduling subproblem,we develop a heuristic algorithm to handle the non-convexity of the problem.The simulation results show that the combination of power allocation and frequency resource scheduling algorithms can improve spectrum utilization.
基金supported by Fund of State Key Laboratory of IPOC(BUPT)(No.IPOC2021ZT16),China.
文摘The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled phased array antenna system is a necessary trend for the future development of the phased array,and it is also a major focus and difficulty in the current research of integrated microwave photonics.This paper firstly introduces the basic principle and development history of optical true time delay phased array antenna system based on microwave photonics,and briefly introduces the main implementation methods and integration platform of optical true time delay.Then,the application and development prospect of optical true time delay technology in beam control of phased array antenna system are mainly presented.Finally,according to the current research progress,the possible research directions of integrated optically controlled phased array antenna systems in the future are proposed.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U21B2014,Grant 92267202,and Grant 62271081.
文摘This paper studies the sensing base station(SBS)that has great potential to improve the safety of vehicles and pedestrians on roads.SBS can detect the targets on the road with communication signals using the integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)technique.Compared with vehicle-mounted radar,SBS has a better sensing field due to its higher deployment position,which can help solve the problem of sensing blind areas.In this paper,key technologies of SBS are studied,including the beamforming algorithm,beam scanning scheme,and interference cancellation algorithm.To transmit and receive ISAC signals simultaneously,a double-coupling antenna array is applied.The free detection beam and directional communication beam are proposed for joint communication and sensing to meet the requirements of beamwidth and pointing directions.The joint timespace-frequency domain division multiple access algorithm is proposed to cancel the interference of SBS,including multiuser interference and duplex interference between sensing and communication.Finally,the sensing and communication performance of SBS under the industrial scientific medical power limitation is analyzed and simulated.Simulation results show that the communication rate of SBS can reach over 100 Mbps and the range of sensing and communication can reach about 500 m.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFF0508101)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Beijing Jiaotong University(2024JBMC010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52378428).
文摘Due to its high space utilization efficiency and overall advantages,the"integrated station-bridge"design is widely used in high-speed rail stations.However,compared to traditional separated station-bridge structures,the structure-borne noise generated by high-speed trains passing through these stations is more pronounced.To investigate the structure-borne noise radiation characteristics of these station designs,we developed a noise simulation model for the"integrated station-bridge"high-speed railway station and validated its reliability through comparison with test results.Building on this,we implemented the floating track slab between the track structure and the station platform to mitigate structure-borne noise.Furthermore,we examined the factors influencing the noise reduction effectiveness of the floating floor.The results indicated that train passages result in significant structure-borne noise issues in"integrated station-bridge"stations.The maximum sound pressure levels at the waiting hall and platform exceed 70 dB(A).After the implementation of the floating floor,the maximum sound pressure levels on each floor decreased by 11–14 dB(A).Additionally,increasing the thickness of the floating floor and reducing the stiffness of the steel spring bearings both enhanced the noise reduction effectiveness of the floating floor.
基金supported by China’s National Key R&D Program(Project Number:2022YFB2902100)。
文摘The sixth-generation(6G)networks will consist of multiple bands such as low-frequency,midfrequency,millimeter wave,terahertz and other bands to meet various business requirements and networking scenarios.The dynamic complementarity of multiple bands are crucial for enhancing the spectrum efficiency,reducing network energy consumption,and ensuring a consistent user experience.This paper investigates the present researches and challenges associated with deployment of multi-band integrated networks in existing infrastructures.Then,an evolutionary path for integrated networking is proposed with the consideration of maturity of emerging technologies and practical network deployment.The proposed design principles for 6G multi-band integrated networking aim to achieve on-demand networking objectives,while the architecture supports full spectrum access and collaboration between high and low frequencies.In addition,the potential key air interface technologies and intelligent technologies for integrated networking are comprehensively discussed.It will be a crucial basis for the subsequent standards promotion of 6G multi-band integrated networking technology.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China under grant 52094021N010(5400-202199534A-0-5-ZN)。
文摘Low-carbon smart parks achieve selfbalanced carbon emission and absorption through the cooperative scheduling of direct current(DC)-based distributed photovoltaic,energy storage units,and loads.Direct current power line communication(DC-PLC)enables real-time data transmission on DC power lines.With traffic adaptation,DC-PLC can be integrated with other complementary media such as 5G to reduce transmission delay and improve reliability.However,traffic adaptation for DC-PLC and 5G integration still faces the challenges such as coupling between traffic admission control and traffic partition,dimensionality curse,and the ignorance of extreme event occurrence.To address these challenges,we propose a deep reinforcement learning(DRL)-based delay sensitive and reliable traffic adaptation algorithm(DSRTA)to minimize the total queuing delay under the constraints of traffic admission control,queuing delay,and extreme events occurrence probability.DSRTA jointly optimizes traffic admission control and traffic partition,and enables learning-based intelligent traffic adaptation.The long-term constraints are incorporated into both state and bound of drift-pluspenalty to achieve delay awareness and enforce reliability guarantee.Simulation results show that DSRTA has lower queuing delay and more reliable quality of service(QoS)guarantee than other state-of-the-art algorithms.
基金support of this work by the project“Development of new innovative low carbon energy technologies to improve excellence in the Region of Western Macedonia”(MIS 5047197),which is implemented under the Action“Reinforcement of the Research and Innovation Infrastructure”funded by the Operational Program“Competitiveness,Entrepreneurship and Innovation”(NSRF 2014-2020)co-financed by Greece and the European Union(European Regional Development Fund)+4 种基金the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation(HFRI)for supporting this research work under the 3~(rd)Call for HFRI PhD Fellowships(Fellowship Number:6033)the support of ELECMI-LMA nodeNanbiosis ICTSsfunded by the Swiss National Science Foundation(Grant:206021_189629)the Research Council of Norway(Grant:296087)。
文摘Herein,the effect of the Ru:Ni bimetallic composition in dual-function materials(DFMs)for the integrated CO_(2)capture and methanation process(ICCU-Methanation)is systematically evaluated and combined with a thorough material characterization,as well as a mechanistic(in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared fourier-transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS))and computational(computational fluid dynamics(CFD)modelling)investigation,in order to improve the performance of Ni-based DFMs.The bimetallic DFMs are comprised of a main Ni active metallic phase(20 wt%)and are modified with low Ru loadings in the 0.1-1 wt%range(to keep the material cost low),supported on Na_(2)O/Al_(2)O_(3).It is shown that the addition of even a very low Ru loading(0.1-0.2 wt%)can drastically improve the material reducibility,exposing a significantly higher amount of surface-active metallic sites,with Ru being highly dispersed over the support and the Ni phase,while also forming some small Ru particles.This manifests in a significant enhancement in the CH_(4)yield and the CH_(4)production kinetics during ICCU-Methanation(which mainly proceeds via formate intermediates),with 0.2 wt%Ru addition leading to the best results.This bimetallic DFM also shows high stability and a relatively good performance under an oxidizing CO_(2)capture atmosphere.The formation rate of CH_(4)during hydrogenation is then further validated via CFD modelling and the developed model is subsequently applied in the prediction of the effect of other parameters,including the inlet H_(2)concentration,inlet flow rate,dual-fu nction material weight,and reactor internal diameter.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52225402)Inner Mongolia Research Institute,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing (IMRI23003)。
文摘In the gas-coal integrated mining field,the conventional design method of pipeline coal pillars leads to a large amount of coal pillars being unrecovered and overlooks the pipeline's safety requirements.Considering the coal pillar recovery rate and pipeline's safety requirements,two new shaped coal pillar design approaches for subsurface pipelines were developed.Firstly,the deformation limitations for measuring pipeline safety are categorized into two:no deformation is permitted,and deformation is acceptable within elastic limits.Subsequently,integrating the key stratum theory(KST)and cave angle,a fishbone-shaped coal pillar design approach that does not permit pipeline deformation is established.Meanwhile,combined with the ground subsidence and the pipeline's elastic deformation limit,a grille-shaped coal pillar design approach that accepts deformation pipelines within elastic limits is established.Those two new approaches clarify parameters including mined width,coal pillar width and mined length.Finally,the case study shows that the designed mined width,coal pillar width and mined length of the fishbone-shaped coal pillar are 90,80,and 130 m,while those of the grille-shaped are 320,370,and640 m.Compared with the conventional method,the fishbone-shaped and grille-shaped coal pillar design approaches recovered coal pillar resources of 2.65×10~6and 5.81×10~6t on the premise of meeting the pipeline safety requirements,and the recovery rates increased by 20.5%and 45.0%,with expenditures representing only 56.46%and 20.02%of the respective benefits.These new approaches provide managers with diverse options for protecting pipeline safety while promoting coal pillar recovery,which is conducive to the harmonic mining of gas-coal resources.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(2024YFE0115600).
文摘Addressing climate change and facilitating the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)have driven the development of hydrogen-coupled integrated energy systems(HIES),which enhance energy sustainability through coordinated electricity,thermal,natural gas,and hydrogen utilization.This study proposes a two-stage distributionally robust optimization(DRO)-based scheduling method to improve the economic efficiency and reduce carbon emissions of HIES.The framework incorporates a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism to regulate emissions and implements a demand response(DR)program to adjustflexible multi-energy loads,thereby prioritizing RES consumption.Uncertainties from RES generation and load demand are addressed through an ambiguity set,enabling robust decision-making.The column-and-constraint generation(C&CG)algorithm efficiently solves the two-stage DRO model.Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method reduces operational costs by 3.56%,increases photovoltaic consumption rates by 5.44%,and significantly lowers carbon emissions compared to conventional approaches.Furthermore,the DRO framework achieves a superior balance between conservativeness and robustness over conventional stochastic and robust optimization methods,highlighting its potential to advance cost-effective,low-carbon energy systems while ensuring grid stability under uncertainty.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62171462,No.62401626,No.62271501)the Key Technologies R&D Program of Jiangsu(Prospective and Key Technologies for Industry)under Grants BE2023022 and BE2023022-4the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20240200)。
文摘The integrated communication and jamming(ICAJ)system recently has been proposed to enable communication and jamming(C&J)to reinforce each other in one system.By exploiting the diversity gain of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)technology,a specific implementation form of ICAJ system,called communication-aided collaborative jamming system,is designed to transmit C&J signals at the same time and frequency.Different from previous studies which overlook the jamming prior information acquisition process and assume that the prior information is perfect or with bounded error,this paper takes the non-cooperative characteristics of jamming and the consequent difficulty in prior information acquisition into consideration.To analyze the tradeoff between C&J,the integration metric is proposed and then the corresponding system design problem is formulated.However,the non-convexity of problem and the lack of jamming prior information make the optimization tricky.In this case,blind channel estimation(BCE)is introduced to obtain an approximate channel state information(CSI)without interacting with jamming targets and then the neural network embedded with system performance calculation model is developed to establish the correspondence between the estimated CSI and optimal beamforming design.Furthermore,a hybrid data-driven and model-based approach,blind channel estimation-deep learning(BCEDL),is proposed to accomplish the beamforming design based on unsupervised learning for ICAJ system in non-cooperative scenarios.The simulation results show that the BCE-DL algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithms in the presence of CSI estimation errors and is a flexible approach which takes the best of both data-driven and model-based methods to design the ICAJ system.
基金This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52303036)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2020GXNSFAA297028)+4 种基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project(GUIKE AD23026179)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Project of Chengdu(2021-GH03-00009-HZ)the Program of Innovative Research Team for Young Scientists of Sichuan Province(22CXTD0019)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC0986)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(Sichuan University)(Sklpme2023-3-18).
文摘Electromagnetic interference shielding(EMI SE)modules are the core com-ponent of modern electronics.However,the tra-ditional metal-based SE modules always take up indispensable three-dimensional space inside electronics,posing a major obstacle to the integra-tion of electronics.The innovation of integrating 3D-printed conformal shielding(c-SE)modules with packaging materials onto core electronics offers infinite possibilities to satisfy ideal SE func-tion without occupying additional space.Herein,the 3D printable carbon-based inks with various proportions of graphene and carbon nanotube nanoparticles are well-formulated by manipulating their rheological peculiarity.Accordingly,the free-constructed architectures with arbitrarily-customized structure and multifunctionality are created via 3D printing.In particular,the SE performance of 3D-printed frame is up to 61.4 dB,simultaneously accompanied with an ultralight architecture of 0.076 g cm^(-3) and a superhigh specific shielding of 802.4 dB cm3 g^(-1).Moreover,as a proof-of-concept,the 3D-printed c-SE module is in situ integrated into core electronics,successfully replacing the traditional metal-based module to afford multiple functions for electromagnetic compatibility and thermal dissipa-tion.Thus,this scientific innovation completely makes up the blank for assembling carbon-based c-SE modules and sheds a brilliant light on developing the next generation of high-performance shielding materials with arbitrarily-customized structure for integrated electronics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number 51977154)。
文摘Integrated energy systems(IESs)can improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions,essential for achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality.This study investigated the characteristics of the CHP model considering P2G and carbon capture systems,and a two-stage robust optimization model of the electricity-heat-gascold integrated energy system was developed.First,a CHP model considering the P2G and carbon capture system was established,and the electric-thermal coupling characteristics and P2G capacity constraints of the model were derived,which proved that the model could weaken the electric-thermal coupling characteristics,increase the electric power regulation range,and reduce carbon emissions.Subsequently,a two-stage robust optimal scheduling model of an IES was constructed,in which the objective function in the day-ahead scheduling stage was to minimize the start-up and shutdown costs.The objective function in the real-time scheduling stage was to minimize the equipment operating costs,carbon emission costs,wind curtailment,and solar curtailment costs,considering multiple uncertainties.Finally,after the objective function is linearized with a ψ-piecewise method,the model is solved based on the C&CG algorithm.Simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively absorb renewable energy and reduce the total cost of the system.
基金This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT20LAB123 and DUT20LAB307)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20191167).
文摘Improving the reversibility of anionic redox and inhibiting irreversible oxygen evolution are the main challenges in the application of high reversible capacity Li-rich Mn-based cathode materials.A facile synchronous lithiation strategy combining the advantages of yttrium doping and LiYO_(2) surface coating is proposed.Yttrium doping effectively suppresses the oxygen evolution during the delithiation process by increasing the energy barrier of oxygen evolution reaction through strong Y–O bond energy.LiYO_(2) nanocoating has the function of structural constraint and protection,that protecting the lattice oxygen exposed to the surface,thus avoiding irreversible oxidation.As an Li^(+) conductor,LiYO_(2) nano-coating can provide a fast Li^(+) transfer channel,which enables the sample to have excellent rate performance.The synergistic effect of Y doping and nano-LiYO_(2) coating integration suppresses the oxygen release from the surface,accelerates the diffusion of Li^(+)from electrolyte to electrode and decreases the interfacial side reactions,enabling the lithium ion batteries to obtain good electrochemical performance.The lithium-ion full cell employing the Y-1 sample(cathode)and commercial graphite(anode)exhibit an excellent specific energy density of 442.9 Wh kg^(-1) at a current density of 0.1C,with very stable safety performance,which can be used in a wide temperature range(60 to-15℃)stable operation.This result illustrates a new integration strategy for advanced cathode materials to achieve high specific energy density.
基金supported in part by the MOST Major Research and Development Project(Grant No.2021YFB2900204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.62201123,No.62132004,No.61971102)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022TQ0056)in part by the financial support of the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2022YFH0022)Sichuan Major R&D Project(Grant No.22QYCX0168)the Municipal Government of Quzhou(Grant No.2022D031)。
文摘Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted multi-user IDET system is studied,where all the received signals at the users are exploited for energy harvesting without the degradation of wireless data transfer(WDT)performance.The joint IDET performance is then analysed theoretically by conceiving a practical time-dependent wireless channel.With the aid of the AO based algorithm,the average effective data rate among users are maximized by ensuring the BER and the wireless energy transfer(WET)performance.Simulation results validate and evaluate the IDET performance of the EHM assisted system,which also demonstrates that the optimal number of user clusters and IDET time slots should be allocated,in order to improve the WET and WDT performance.
文摘In this paper,an integrated estimation guidance and control(IEGC)system is designed based on the command filtered backstepping approach for circular field-of-view(FOV)strapdown missiles.The threedimensional integrated estimation guidance and control nonlinear model with limited actuator deflection angle is established considering the seeker's FOV constraint.The boundary time-varying integral barrier Lyapunov function(IBLF)is employed in backstepping design to constrain the body line-of-sight(BLOS)in IEGC system to fit a circular FOV.Then,the nonlinear adaptive controller is designed to estimate the changing aerodynamic parameters.The generalized extended state observer(GESO)is designed to estimate the acceleration of the maneuvering targets and the unmatched time-varying disturbances for improving tracking accuracy.Furthermore,the command filters are used to solve the"differential expansion"problem during the backstepping design.The Lyapunov theory is used to prove the stability of the overall closed-loop IEGC system.Finally,the simulation results validate the integrated system's effectiveness,achieving high accuracy strikes against maneuvering targets.
基金Project supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Program of China (Grants Nos.2019YFE03040002 and 2018YFE0301101)the Talent Project of China National Nuclear Corporation,China (Grant No.2022JZYF-01)。
文摘The hybrid scenario,which has good confinement and moderate MHD instabilities,is a proposed operation scenario for international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER).In this work,the effect of plasma rotation on the HL-3 hybrid scenario is analyzed with the integrated modeling framework OMFIT.The results show that toroidal rotation has no obvious effect on confinement with a high line averaged density of n_(bar)~(7)×10^(19)m^(-3).In this case,the ion temperature only changes from 4.7 keV to 4.4 keV with the rotation decreasing from 10^(5) rad/s to 10^(3) rad/s,which means that the turbulent heat transport is not dominant.While in the scenarios characterized by lower densities,such as n_(bar)~4×10^(19)m^(-3),turbulent transport becomes dominant in determining heat transport.The ion temperature rises from 3.8 keV to 6.1 keV in the core as the rotation velocity increases from 10^(3) rad/s to 10^(5) rad/s.Despite the ion temperature rising,the rotation velocity does not obviously affect electron temperature or density.Additionally,it is noteworthy that the variation in rotation velocity does not significantly affect the global confinement of plasma in scenarios with low density or with high density.
基金supports from following sources:National Key R&D Program of China(grant No.2021YFB2801500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.62375126,No.62105149 and No.62334001)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(grant No.BK20210288)Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Laser&Infrared System(Shandong University),Minister of Education Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China,Soochow University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks,China Specially-appointed Professor Fund of Jiangsu.
文摘Despite the pressing demand for integrated spectrometers,a solution that deliver high-performance while being practically operated is still missing.Furthermore,current integrated spectrometers lack reconfigurability in their performance,which is highly desirable for dynamic working scenarios.This study presents a viable solution by demonstrating a userfriendly,reconfigurable spectrometer on silicon.At the core of this innovative spectrometer is a programmable photonic circuit capable of exhibiting diverse spectral responses,which can be significantly adjusted using on-chip phase shifters.The distinguishing feature of our spectrometer lies in its inverse design approach,facilitating effortless control and efficient manipulation of the programmable circuit.By eliminating the need for intricate configuration,our design reduces power consumption and mitigates control complexity.Additionally,our reconfigurable spectrometer offers two distinct operating conditions.In the Ultra-High-Performance mode,it is activated by multiple phase-shifters and achieves exceptional spectral resolution in the picometer scale while maintaining broad bandwidth.On the other hand,the Ease-of-Use mode further simplifies the control logic and reduces power consumption by actuating a single-phase shifter.Although this mode provides a slightly degraded spectral resolution of approximately 0.3 nm,it prioritizes ease of use and is wellsuited for applications where ultra-fine spectral reconstruction is not a primary requirement.
