Aim To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV （ASI） on high-fat diet （HFD） induced obese mice. Methods The male mice aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into three groups （u- 18/group）, namely control group,...Aim To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV （ASI） on high-fat diet （HFD） induced obese mice. Methods The male mice aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into three groups （u- 18/group）, namely control group, model group and ASI-treated group. Control group were fed with standard diet, whereas the other two groups were given high fat diet. ASI-treated mice were daily intraperitoneally injected with ASI （25 nag · kg^-1）. Mean- while, the other group mice were treated with saline. Body weight of mice was monitored every week and lasted for 13 weeks. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride content were measured with respective kits. Serum leptin level was deter- mined by ELISA kit. Expression of leptin receptor in hypothalamus was measured by Western blot assay. Gene ex- pression of neuropeptide Y （NPY） and agouti-related protein （AGRP） in hypothalamus was detected by qPCR assay. In addition, leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice were given intraperitoneally with ASI （25 mg ~ kg-1） or saline for 13 weeks （u- 8/group）. Results ASI blocked body weight gain, suppressed appetite, improved leptin resistance, lowered serum triacylglycerol （TG） and total cholesterol （TC） contents, reduced accumulation of fat tissues and pre- vented enlargement of adipose cells in HFD fed mice. Furthermore, ASI increased the protein expression level of lep- tin receptor in hypothalamus, and inhibited the mRNA expression levels of NPY and AGRP. However, ASI could not decrease body gain in leptin receptor - deficient db/db mice as well as the mRNA expression levels of NPY and AGRP. Conclusion The study suggested that ASI could efficiently prevent HFD-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice,which was partially mediated through enhancing leptin signaling transduction.展开更多
Types and characteristics of gastric dysplasia werestudied histopathologically. Besides the adenomatous,cryptal and globoid dysplasias, regenerative type of gas-tric dysplasia was described, especially about its histo...Types and characteristics of gastric dysplasia werestudied histopathologically. Besides the adenomatous,cryptal and globoid dysplasias, regenerative type of gas-tric dysplasia was described, especially about its histo-pathological features and histogenesis. The peculiarityof this type of gastric dysplasia just coincided with thefindings of gastric mucosal changes found in the inhabitantsliving in Liaodong Panisula-a high incidence area ofgastric cancer. According to the epidemiologic and histo-pathologic studies on the inhabitants of Zhuanghe Countyof Liaodong Panisula, it was found that high salted foodse.g. the salted pork and fish etc. showed strongmutagenecity. The authors detected that these were therisk factors and might be the leading cause of the gastricmucosal erosions and following by epithelial regenerativechanges. Malignant changes were detected in the regene-rative dysplastic lesions in pathologic sections. Therefore,gastric mucosal regeneration should not be oper looked asa precursor of gastric cancer in some cases.展开更多
An experiment was conducted to study the response of broiler to diet dilution during the finishing period. Sixty 29-day-old commercial Avian male broiler chicks were assigned to two groups randomly, with 30 broilers e...An experiment was conducted to study the response of broiler to diet dilution during the finishing period. Sixty 29-day-old commercial Avian male broiler chicks were assigned to two groups randomly, with 30 broilers each. Birds were offered a conventional finishing diet or with 10% dilution diet with ground rice hulls from 29 to 49 days of age. The result showed that there were no significant differences between the effects of diet dilution and the control on final body weight, growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. Diet dilution led to a reduction in abdominal fat weight, whereas carcass and breast muscle weight were not affected.展开更多
RNA interference(RNAi)technology is a promising crop protection strategy against agricultural pests.The soybean pod borer(SPB),Leguminivora glycinivorella(Mats.),is a serious pest of soybean in northeastern Asia.The n...RNA interference(RNAi)technology is a promising crop protection strategy against agricultural pests.The soybean pod borer(SPB),Leguminivora glycinivorella(Mats.),is a serious pest of soybean in northeastern Asia.The neonate larvae of SPB are endophagous,initially feeding on the inner layer of the pod and then on the immature soybean seeds,a behavior that makes them difficult to rear.Therefore,a suitable artificial diet is desirable to facilitate RNAi research.Seven artificial diets and soybean pods were used for rearing SPB neonate larvae.The survival and mean weight of the larvae reared on artificial diet 6(A6,included 2 g soybean flour and 10 g R3 immature soybean pod powder)were found to be significantly higher than those for larvae reared on all other diets.Subsequently,A6 diet was prepared in DEPC-treated water to obtain a RNase-free artificial diet(RF).The survival and mean weight of the larvae were not significantly different between A6 and RF diets.Feeding neonate larvae with RF-SpbP0 dsRNA(ribosomal protein P0)silenced SpbP0 gene,resulting in arrested development and increased mortality.The results of this study suggested that the newly developed A6 or RF diets could rear SPB neonate larvae and help towards developing an effective method for oral delivery of dsRNA to SPB larvae.展开更多
Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the fa...Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of P.gossypiella were conducted.The larvae of P.gossypiella were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous elements.The standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 mL.Alternatives to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing system.Results The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based diet.On the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,respectively.Adult emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based diet.These male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,respectively.Females deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was recorded.Replacement of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,respectively.Conclusion This research is of novel nature as it provides a concise and workable system for the economic and suc-cessful rearing of P.gossypiella under laboratory conditions.展开更多
文摘Aim To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV （ASI） on high-fat diet （HFD） induced obese mice. Methods The male mice aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into three groups （u- 18/group）, namely control group, model group and ASI-treated group. Control group were fed with standard diet, whereas the other two groups were given high fat diet. ASI-treated mice were daily intraperitoneally injected with ASI （25 nag · kg^-1）. Mean- while, the other group mice were treated with saline. Body weight of mice was monitored every week and lasted for 13 weeks. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride content were measured with respective kits. Serum leptin level was deter- mined by ELISA kit. Expression of leptin receptor in hypothalamus was measured by Western blot assay. Gene ex- pression of neuropeptide Y （NPY） and agouti-related protein （AGRP） in hypothalamus was detected by qPCR assay. In addition, leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice were given intraperitoneally with ASI （25 mg ~ kg-1） or saline for 13 weeks （u- 8/group）. Results ASI blocked body weight gain, suppressed appetite, improved leptin resistance, lowered serum triacylglycerol （TG） and total cholesterol （TC） contents, reduced accumulation of fat tissues and pre- vented enlargement of adipose cells in HFD fed mice. Furthermore, ASI increased the protein expression level of lep- tin receptor in hypothalamus, and inhibited the mRNA expression levels of NPY and AGRP. However, ASI could not decrease body gain in leptin receptor - deficient db/db mice as well as the mRNA expression levels of NPY and AGRP. Conclusion The study suggested that ASI could efficiently prevent HFD-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice,which was partially mediated through enhancing leptin signaling transduction.
基金This research was supported by the National "7.5" Research Grant on Cancer.
文摘Types and characteristics of gastric dysplasia werestudied histopathologically. Besides the adenomatous,cryptal and globoid dysplasias, regenerative type of gas-tric dysplasia was described, especially about its histo-pathological features and histogenesis. The peculiarityof this type of gastric dysplasia just coincided with thefindings of gastric mucosal changes found in the inhabitantsliving in Liaodong Panisula-a high incidence area ofgastric cancer. According to the epidemiologic and histo-pathologic studies on the inhabitants of Zhuanghe Countyof Liaodong Panisula, it was found that high salted foodse.g. the salted pork and fish etc. showed strongmutagenecity. The authors detected that these were therisk factors and might be the leading cause of the gastricmucosal erosions and following by epithelial regenerativechanges. Malignant changes were detected in the regene-rative dysplastic lesions in pathologic sections. Therefore,gastric mucosal regeneration should not be oper looked asa precursor of gastric cancer in some cases.
基金National Basic Research Program of China (2004CB11750-5)
文摘An experiment was conducted to study the response of broiler to diet dilution during the finishing period. Sixty 29-day-old commercial Avian male broiler chicks were assigned to two groups randomly, with 30 broilers each. Birds were offered a conventional finishing diet or with 10% dilution diet with ground rice hulls from 29 to 49 days of age. The result showed that there were no significant differences between the effects of diet dilution and the control on final body weight, growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. Diet dilution led to a reduction in abdominal fat weight, whereas carcass and breast muscle weight were not affected.
基金Supported by the Harbin Science and Technology Innovation Program(2017RAQXJ122)China National Novel Transgenic Organisms Breeding Project(2016ZX08004-004-006)+2 种基金the Heilongjiang Natural Science Foundation(C2018012)the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(31201229)Soybean Research&Development Center(CARS-04-PS04)。
文摘RNA interference(RNAi)technology is a promising crop protection strategy against agricultural pests.The soybean pod borer(SPB),Leguminivora glycinivorella(Mats.),is a serious pest of soybean in northeastern Asia.The neonate larvae of SPB are endophagous,initially feeding on the inner layer of the pod and then on the immature soybean seeds,a behavior that makes them difficult to rear.Therefore,a suitable artificial diet is desirable to facilitate RNAi research.Seven artificial diets and soybean pods were used for rearing SPB neonate larvae.The survival and mean weight of the larvae reared on artificial diet 6(A6,included 2 g soybean flour and 10 g R3 immature soybean pod powder)were found to be significantly higher than those for larvae reared on all other diets.Subsequently,A6 diet was prepared in DEPC-treated water to obtain a RNase-free artificial diet(RF).The survival and mean weight of the larvae were not significantly different between A6 and RF diets.Feeding neonate larvae with RF-SpbP0 dsRNA(ribosomal protein P0)silenced SpbP0 gene,resulting in arrested development and increased mortality.The results of this study suggested that the newly developed A6 or RF diets could rear SPB neonate larvae and help towards developing an effective method for oral delivery of dsRNA to SPB larvae.
基金Punjab Agriculture Research Board funds for the project "A comprehensive integrated scientific approach for the development of sustainable management strategies of pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella)".
文摘Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of P.gossypiella were conducted.The larvae of P.gossypiella were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous elements.The standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 mL.Alternatives to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing system.Results The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based diet.On the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,respectively.Adult emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based diet.These male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,respectively.Females deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was recorded.Replacement of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,respectively.Conclusion This research is of novel nature as it provides a concise and workable system for the economic and suc-cessful rearing of P.gossypiella under laboratory conditions.
