The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses accurate atomic clocks in satellites and on the ground to provide world-wide position and time determination. These clocks have gravitational and motional frequency shifts whic...The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses accurate atomic clocks in satellites and on the ground to provide world-wide position and time determination. These clocks have gravitational and motional frequency shifts which are so large that, without properly accounting for relativistic effects, the system would not work. As a practical matter, therefore, many individuals who use the GPS need to understand how relativistic effects accounted for in the system. This paper discusses relativistic effects arising from both special relativity and general relativity, and how these effects are incorporated in GPS operations. Two introductory sections on kinematics in special and general relativity, respectively, are followed by a section which describes how relativistic effects should be accounted for. The concept of synchroization in the Earth-Centered Inertial frame is discussed in detail. Numerical and experimental examples are given, showing the sizes of the various effects. The treatment of special and general relativity is sufficiently complete that a person should be able to follow the development without much reference to external material, except that a few standard results have been quoted from textbooks without derivation.展开更多
To degrade location accuracy for unauthorized GPS users, US government applied Selective Availability (SA) to Global Positioning System (GPS). In this paper we discuss an anti-SAapproach to improve location accuracy w...To degrade location accuracy for unauthorized GPS users, US government applied Selective Availability (SA) to Global Positioning System (GPS). In this paper we discuss an anti-SAapproach to improve location accuracy which is very important in landing position, and then we derived the SA error by eliminating almost all other errors including ionospheric and tropospheric timedelays and clock errors both in satellites and in receiver, etc. By means of the system identificationtheory, an SA errorl all SA error model with the second-order Gauss-Maukov stochastic process wasderived and simulated. With the selected parameters of the stochastic process) the simulation resultsshow that there is the excellent agreement between the simulated SA error model and that of reallyapplied in GPS system.展开更多
A three-dimensional positioning method for global positioning system(GPS)receivers based on three satellites was proposed.In the method,the measurement equation used for positioning calculation was expanded by means o...A three-dimensional positioning method for global positioning system(GPS)receivers based on three satellites was proposed.In the method,the measurement equation used for positioning calculation was expanded by means of two measures.In this case,the measurement equation could be solved,and the function of positioning calculation could be performed.The detailed steps of the method and how to evaluate the positioning precision of the method were given,respectively.The positioning performance of the method was demonstrated through some experiments.It is shown that the method can provide the three-dimensional positioning information under the condition that there are only three useful satellites.展开更多
Satellite positioning technology has been widely used in all kinds of military and civil land, marine, space and aeronautical target positioning tasks, naviga tion activities and accurate surveying measurements since ...Satellite positioning technology has been widely used in all kinds of military and civil land, marine, space and aeronautical target positioning tasks, naviga tion activities and accurate surveying measurements since 90 s in the last cen tury due to its advantage in providing all-weather, real-time, three dimensional and high precision positioning information, as well as speed and accurate timing information. By now, it has already formed a new hi-tech industry basically.This paper briefly reviews the development of the global satellite positioning and navigation technologies including the basic information of China's "Plough navigation system", introduces the history of satellite positioning technology and its major application fields as well as the status quo of this being industri alized trade in China, gives an account of the writers' vision for the application and prospect of the satellite positioning technologies in China, and approaches the tactics and stresses of the satellite positioning technology's application and its industrialization future in China.展开更多
整周模糊度固定是精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)实现快速厘米级定位的关键。传统双频无电离层组合窄巷模糊度固定存在组合观测噪声放大而导致固定成功率低的问题,进而影响PPP的收敛时间。为此,该文联合北斗全球卫星导航...整周模糊度固定是精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)实现快速厘米级定位的关键。传统双频无电离层组合窄巷模糊度固定存在组合观测噪声放大而导致固定成功率低的问题,进而影响PPP的收敛时间。为此,该文联合北斗全球卫星导航系统(BeiDou Global Navigation Satellite System,BDS-3)播发的新频点,提出了一种兼顾组合噪声抑制的四频无电离层快速PPP模糊度固定方法,并结合自制教学仪器设计了实验流程。该方法利用搭建的基准站和试验车构建静态和动态的实验场景,测试结果表明相比传统四频方法所提方法,的模糊度固定成功率在静态和动态场景下分别提升了8.4%和15.8%,显著提成了PPP的收敛时间。该文对多频PPP的模糊度固定流程进行了详细的说明,有助于学生更好地理解多频观测量组合对加快模糊度固定的优势及误差抑制的应对措施。展开更多
基金This work was supported in pert by NIST Contract No. 40RANB9B8112.
文摘The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses accurate atomic clocks in satellites and on the ground to provide world-wide position and time determination. These clocks have gravitational and motional frequency shifts which are so large that, without properly accounting for relativistic effects, the system would not work. As a practical matter, therefore, many individuals who use the GPS need to understand how relativistic effects accounted for in the system. This paper discusses relativistic effects arising from both special relativity and general relativity, and how these effects are incorporated in GPS operations. Two introductory sections on kinematics in special and general relativity, respectively, are followed by a section which describes how relativistic effects should be accounted for. The concept of synchroization in the Earth-Centered Inertial frame is discussed in detail. Numerical and experimental examples are given, showing the sizes of the various effects. The treatment of special and general relativity is sufficiently complete that a person should be able to follow the development without much reference to external material, except that a few standard results have been quoted from textbooks without derivation.
文摘To degrade location accuracy for unauthorized GPS users, US government applied Selective Availability (SA) to Global Positioning System (GPS). In this paper we discuss an anti-SAapproach to improve location accuracy which is very important in landing position, and then we derived the SA error by eliminating almost all other errors including ionospheric and tropospheric timedelays and clock errors both in satellites and in receiver, etc. By means of the system identificationtheory, an SA errorl all SA error model with the second-order Gauss-Maukov stochastic process wasderived and simulated. With the selected parameters of the stochastic process) the simulation resultsshow that there is the excellent agreement between the simulated SA error model and that of reallyapplied in GPS system.
基金Project (ZYGX2010J119)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘A three-dimensional positioning method for global positioning system(GPS)receivers based on three satellites was proposed.In the method,the measurement equation used for positioning calculation was expanded by means of two measures.In this case,the measurement equation could be solved,and the function of positioning calculation could be performed.The detailed steps of the method and how to evaluate the positioning precision of the method were given,respectively.The positioning performance of the method was demonstrated through some experiments.It is shown that the method can provide the three-dimensional positioning information under the condition that there are only three useful satellites.
文摘Satellite positioning technology has been widely used in all kinds of military and civil land, marine, space and aeronautical target positioning tasks, naviga tion activities and accurate surveying measurements since 90 s in the last cen tury due to its advantage in providing all-weather, real-time, three dimensional and high precision positioning information, as well as speed and accurate timing information. By now, it has already formed a new hi-tech industry basically.This paper briefly reviews the development of the global satellite positioning and navigation technologies including the basic information of China's "Plough navigation system", introduces the history of satellite positioning technology and its major application fields as well as the status quo of this being industri alized trade in China, gives an account of the writers' vision for the application and prospect of the satellite positioning technologies in China, and approaches the tactics and stresses of the satellite positioning technology's application and its industrialization future in China.
文摘整周模糊度固定是精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)实现快速厘米级定位的关键。传统双频无电离层组合窄巷模糊度固定存在组合观测噪声放大而导致固定成功率低的问题,进而影响PPP的收敛时间。为此,该文联合北斗全球卫星导航系统(BeiDou Global Navigation Satellite System,BDS-3)播发的新频点,提出了一种兼顾组合噪声抑制的四频无电离层快速PPP模糊度固定方法,并结合自制教学仪器设计了实验流程。该方法利用搭建的基准站和试验车构建静态和动态的实验场景,测试结果表明相比传统四频方法所提方法,的模糊度固定成功率在静态和动态场景下分别提升了8.4%和15.8%,显著提成了PPP的收敛时间。该文对多频PPP的模糊度固定流程进行了详细的说明,有助于学生更好地理解多频观测量组合对加快模糊度固定的优势及误差抑制的应对措施。
