An accelerated proportional degradation hazards-odds model is proposed. It is a non-parametric model and thus has path- free and distribution-free properties, avoiding the errors caused by faulty assumptions of degrad...An accelerated proportional degradation hazards-odds model is proposed. It is a non-parametric model and thus has path- free and distribution-free properties, avoiding the errors caused by faulty assumptions of degradation paths or distribution of degra- dation measurements. It is established based on a link function which combines the degradation cumulative hazard rate function and the degradation odds function through a transformation pa- rameter, and this makes the accelerated proportional degradation hazards model and the accelerated proportional degradation odds model special cases of it. Hypothesis tests are discussed, and the proposed model is applicable when some model assumptions are satisfied. This model is utilized to estimate the reliability of minia- ture bulbs under low stress levels based on the degradation data obtained under high stress levels to validate the effectiveness of this model.展开更多
分析了配电调度系统对通信系统的要求。针对配电调度系统的特点,提出了刊用IP over APDH技术实现其通信系统、该通信系统的主干是APDH光纤环路系统,变电站自动化系统的话音和数据以PCM方式接入APDH系统,配电自动化的数据以IP方式接入APD...分析了配电调度系统对通信系统的要求。针对配电调度系统的特点,提出了刊用IP over APDH技术实现其通信系统、该通信系统的主干是APDH光纤环路系统,变电站自动化系统的话音和数据以PCM方式接入APDH系统,配电自动化的数据以IP方式接入APDH系统。APDH光纤环路系统具有容量适中、一步复用、自愈保护和网管功能完善等优点。基于IP技术的配电自动化通信系统遵循ISO的分层方法,能兼容任何1、2层协议,并采用了保证QoS和实时性的协议。展开更多
Accidents and injuries related to work are major occupational health problems in most of the industrialized countries.Traditional approaches to manage workplace safety in mines have mainly focused on job redesign and ...Accidents and injuries related to work are major occupational health problems in most of the industrialized countries.Traditional approaches to manage workplace safety in mines have mainly focused on job redesign and technical aspects of engineering systems.It is being realized that compliance to rules and regulations of mines is a prerequisite;however,it is not sufficient to achieve further reduction in accident and injury rates in mines.Proactive approaches are necessary to further improve the safety standards in mines.Unsafe conditions and practices in mines lead to a number of accidents,which in turn may cause loss and injury to human lives,damages to property,and loss of production.Hazard identification and risk assessment is an important task for the mining industry which needs to consider all the risk factors at workplaces.Applications of risk management approaches in mines are necessary to identify and quantify potential hazards and to suggest effective solutions.In this paper,the following risk estimation techniques were discussed:(i)DGMS(Directorate General of Mines Safety,India)risk rating criterion,and(ii)a matrix based approach.The proposed tools were demonstrated through an application in an opencast coal mine in India.It was inferred that the risk assessment approach can be used as an effective tool to indentify and control hazards in mines.展开更多
Landslide hazard mapping is a fundamental tool for disaster management activities in Loess terrains. Aiming at major issues with these landslide hazard assessment methods based on Naive Bayesian classification techniq...Landslide hazard mapping is a fundamental tool for disaster management activities in Loess terrains. Aiming at major issues with these landslide hazard assessment methods based on Naive Bayesian classification technique, which is difficult in quantifying those uncertain triggering factors, the main purpose of this work is to evaluate the predictive power of landslide spatial models based on uncertain Naive Bayesian classification method in Baota district of Yan＇an city in Shaanxi province, China. Firstly, thematic maps representing various factors that are related to landslide activity were generated. Secondly, by using field data and GIS techniques, a landslide hazard map was performed. To improve the accuracy of the resulting landslide hazard map, the strategies were designed, which quantified the uncertain triggering factor to design landslide spatial models based on uncertain Naive Bayesian classification method named NBU algorithm. The accuracies of the area under relative operating characteristics curves（AUC） in NBU and Naive Bayesian algorithm are 87.29% and 82.47% respectively. Thus, NBU algorithm can be used efficiently for landslide hazard analysis and might be widely used for the prediction of various spatial events based on uncertain classification technique.展开更多
The rapid expansion of urban systems,particularly in the third world also means a considerable challenge for the health of city residents.Owing to this expansion and a variant of social,economic and environmental forc...The rapid expansion of urban systems,particularly in the third world also means a considerable challenge for the health of city residents.Owing to this expansion and a variant of social,economic and environmental forces,the city becomes a‘basket’of health hazards to which people and neighbourhoods are exposed to,albeit,differently.These hazards are various relating to housing,occupation,transport展开更多
Hazards and risks assessment of dangerous geocryological processes is actual problem in connection with climate change.Permafrost is widespread in Russia,Canada,the USA(Alaska), China,Mongolia and in mountain regions....Hazards and risks assessment of dangerous geocryological processes is actual problem in connection with climate change.Permafrost is widespread in Russia,Canada,the USA(Alaska), China,Mongolia and in mountain regions.Currently there are many papers concerning permafrost-related hazards,but the conceptual and based techniques are not available.Different approaches for solving this problem are considered in the paper.The generally accessible techniques of geocryological processes quantitative risk assessment are not available.The problem lies in uncertainty appearing from展开更多
Hazards and risks assessment of dangerous geocryological processes is an actual problem in connection with climate change.Permafrost is widespread in Russia,Canada,the USA(Alaska),China,Mongolia and in mountain region...Hazards and risks assessment of dangerous geocryological processes is an actual problem in connection with climate change.Permafrost is widespread in Russia,Canada,the USA(Alaska),China,Mongolia and in mountain regions.Currently there are many papers concerning permafrost-related hazards,but the conceptual and basic techniques are not available. Different approaches for solving this problem are considered in the paper.The generally accessible techniques of geocryological processes quantitative risk assessment are not available.The problem lies展开更多
Hazards refer to situations with harmful effects on people’s lives,property,health and the environment. Examples include:fire outbreaks,hailstorms,smoke and haze,volcanic eruptions,earthquakes,landslides, drought,flo...Hazards refer to situations with harmful effects on people’s lives,property,health and the environment. Examples include:fire outbreaks,hailstorms,smoke and haze,volcanic eruptions,earthquakes,landslides, drought,floods,dust storm,global warming.Their remedies are:(1)sensitization of masses to take precaution;(2)resettlement of people based around hazardous areas;(3)instructing workers about the展开更多
Mount Bambouto is a polygenic stratovolcano of the Cameroon Volcanic Line,built between 21 Ma and 4.5 Ma(Nkouathio et al.,2008).It is situated at about 200 km NE of mount Cameroon,at 09°55′and 10°15′East a...Mount Bambouto is a polygenic stratovolcano of the Cameroon Volcanic Line,built between 21 Ma and 4.5 Ma(Nkouathio et al.,2008).It is situated at about 200 km NE of mount Cameroon,at 09°55′and 10°15′East and,05°25′and 05°50′North.This volcano covers an area of 500 Km^2 and culminates at 2740 m at Meletan hill and bears a collapsed elliptical caldera at the summit(13×8 km).Mount展开更多
The formation and development of geological hazards are extremely complex,depending on factors such as the topography,geology,meteorology, project,human activity,and so on;the geological hazards data include remarkabl...The formation and development of geological hazards are extremely complex,depending on factors such as the topography,geology,meteorology, project,human activity,and so on;the geological hazards data include remarkable spatial characteristics and complex attribute information.As the amount of geological hazards data is rapidly growing,it has become an urgent demand for geologists to展开更多
Granites are hard and sound rock at relatively fresh or unweathered condition. Steep rocky slopes are the characteristic features in the area occupied by granites of the Lesser Himalaya including Kathmandu nappe. Almo...Granites are hard and sound rock at relatively fresh or unweathered condition. Steep rocky slopes are the characteristic features in the area occupied by granites of the Lesser Himalaya including Kathmandu nappe. Almost vertical to sometimes overhanging slopes in granites look stable in dry season, but the steeper slopes in the areas occupied by granitic rocks are metastable to unstable. The instabilities are related to: variation in texture and mineral composition of granite, nature and intensity of weathering (mechanical and chemical), altitude of the area, orientation of natural slope with reference to the predominant joint sets, quality of rock mass, stress release and activity of subsurface water during monsoon. The study is supposed to be an example for the study of the slope instabilities in the other part of the Himalaya occupied by granitic bodies.展开更多
The optimum design of equivalent accelerated life testing plan based on proportional hazards-proportional odds model using D-optimality is presented. The defined equivalent test plan is the test plan that has the same...The optimum design of equivalent accelerated life testing plan based on proportional hazards-proportional odds model using D-optimality is presented. The defined equivalent test plan is the test plan that has the same value of the determinant of Fisher information matrix. The equivalent test plan of step stress accelerated life testing （SSALT） to a baseline optimum constant stress accelerated life testing （CSALT） plan is obtained by adjusting the censoring time of SSALT and solving the optimization problem for each case to achieve the same value of the determinant of Fisher information matrix as in the baseline optimum CSALT plan. Numer- ical examples are given finally which demonstrate the equivalent SSALT plan to the baseline optimum CSALT plan reduces almost half of the test time while achieving approximately the same estimation errors of model parameters.展开更多
基金supported by the postdoctoral funding at Tsinghua University
文摘An accelerated proportional degradation hazards-odds model is proposed. It is a non-parametric model and thus has path- free and distribution-free properties, avoiding the errors caused by faulty assumptions of degradation paths or distribution of degra- dation measurements. It is established based on a link function which combines the degradation cumulative hazard rate function and the degradation odds function through a transformation pa- rameter, and this makes the accelerated proportional degradation hazards model and the accelerated proportional degradation odds model special cases of it. Hypothesis tests are discussed, and the proposed model is applicable when some model assumptions are satisfied. This model is utilized to estimate the reliability of minia- ture bulbs under low stress levels based on the degradation data obtained under high stress levels to validate the effectiveness of this model.
文摘分析了配电调度系统对通信系统的要求。针对配电调度系统的特点,提出了刊用IP over APDH技术实现其通信系统、该通信系统的主干是APDH光纤环路系统,变电站自动化系统的话音和数据以PCM方式接入APDH系统,配电自动化的数据以IP方式接入APDH系统。APDH光纤环路系统具有容量适中、一步复用、自愈保护和网管功能完善等优点。基于IP技术的配电自动化通信系统遵循ISO的分层方法,能兼容任何1、2层协议,并采用了保证QoS和实时性的协议。
文摘Accidents and injuries related to work are major occupational health problems in most of the industrialized countries.Traditional approaches to manage workplace safety in mines have mainly focused on job redesign and technical aspects of engineering systems.It is being realized that compliance to rules and regulations of mines is a prerequisite;however,it is not sufficient to achieve further reduction in accident and injury rates in mines.Proactive approaches are necessary to further improve the safety standards in mines.Unsafe conditions and practices in mines lead to a number of accidents,which in turn may cause loss and injury to human lives,damages to property,and loss of production.Hazard identification and risk assessment is an important task for the mining industry which needs to consider all the risk factors at workplaces.Applications of risk management approaches in mines are necessary to identify and quantify potential hazards and to suggest effective solutions.In this paper,the following risk estimation techniques were discussed:(i)DGMS(Directorate General of Mines Safety,India)risk rating criterion,and(ii)a matrix based approach.The proposed tools were demonstrated through an application in an opencast coal mine in India.It was inferred that the risk assessment approach can be used as an effective tool to indentify and control hazards in mines.
基金Projects(41362015,51164012) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012AA061901) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘Landslide hazard mapping is a fundamental tool for disaster management activities in Loess terrains. Aiming at major issues with these landslide hazard assessment methods based on Naive Bayesian classification technique, which is difficult in quantifying those uncertain triggering factors, the main purpose of this work is to evaluate the predictive power of landslide spatial models based on uncertain Naive Bayesian classification method in Baota district of Yan＇an city in Shaanxi province, China. Firstly, thematic maps representing various factors that are related to landslide activity were generated. Secondly, by using field data and GIS techniques, a landslide hazard map was performed. To improve the accuracy of the resulting landslide hazard map, the strategies were designed, which quantified the uncertain triggering factor to design landslide spatial models based on uncertain Naive Bayesian classification method named NBU algorithm. The accuracies of the area under relative operating characteristics curves（AUC） in NBU and Naive Bayesian algorithm are 87.29% and 82.47% respectively. Thus, NBU algorithm can be used efficiently for landslide hazard analysis and might be widely used for the prediction of various spatial events based on uncertain classification technique.
文摘The rapid expansion of urban systems,particularly in the third world also means a considerable challenge for the health of city residents.Owing to this expansion and a variant of social,economic and environmental forces,the city becomes a‘basket’of health hazards to which people and neighbourhoods are exposed to,albeit,differently.These hazards are various relating to housing,occupation,transport
文摘Hazards and risks assessment of dangerous geocryological processes is actual problem in connection with climate change.Permafrost is widespread in Russia,Canada,the USA(Alaska), China,Mongolia and in mountain regions.Currently there are many papers concerning permafrost-related hazards,but the conceptual and based techniques are not available.Different approaches for solving this problem are considered in the paper.The generally accessible techniques of geocryological processes quantitative risk assessment are not available.The problem lies in uncertainty appearing from
文摘Hazards and risks assessment of dangerous geocryological processes is an actual problem in connection with climate change.Permafrost is widespread in Russia,Canada,the USA(Alaska),China,Mongolia and in mountain regions.Currently there are many papers concerning permafrost-related hazards,but the conceptual and basic techniques are not available. Different approaches for solving this problem are considered in the paper.The generally accessible techniques of geocryological processes quantitative risk assessment are not available.The problem lies
文摘Hazards refer to situations with harmful effects on people’s lives,property,health and the environment. Examples include:fire outbreaks,hailstorms,smoke and haze,volcanic eruptions,earthquakes,landslides, drought,floods,dust storm,global warming.Their remedies are:(1)sensitization of masses to take precaution;(2)resettlement of people based around hazardous areas;(3)instructing workers about the
文摘Mount Bambouto is a polygenic stratovolcano of the Cameroon Volcanic Line,built between 21 Ma and 4.5 Ma(Nkouathio et al.,2008).It is situated at about 200 km NE of mount Cameroon,at 09°55′and 10°15′East and,05°25′and 05°50′North.This volcano covers an area of 500 Km^2 and culminates at 2740 m at Meletan hill and bears a collapsed elliptical caldera at the summit(13×8 km).Mount
文摘The formation and development of geological hazards are extremely complex,depending on factors such as the topography,geology,meteorology, project,human activity,and so on;the geological hazards data include remarkable spatial characteristics and complex attribute information.As the amount of geological hazards data is rapidly growing,it has become an urgent demand for geologists to
文摘Granites are hard and sound rock at relatively fresh or unweathered condition. Steep rocky slopes are the characteristic features in the area occupied by granites of the Lesser Himalaya including Kathmandu nappe. Almost vertical to sometimes overhanging slopes in granites look stable in dry season, but the steeper slopes in the areas occupied by granitic rocks are metastable to unstable. The instabilities are related to: variation in texture and mineral composition of granite, nature and intensity of weathering (mechanical and chemical), altitude of the area, orientation of natural slope with reference to the predominant joint sets, quality of rock mass, stress release and activity of subsurface water during monsoon. The study is supposed to be an example for the study of the slope instabilities in the other part of the Himalaya occupied by granitic bodies.
文摘The optimum design of equivalent accelerated life testing plan based on proportional hazards-proportional odds model using D-optimality is presented. The defined equivalent test plan is the test plan that has the same value of the determinant of Fisher information matrix. The equivalent test plan of step stress accelerated life testing （SSALT） to a baseline optimum constant stress accelerated life testing （CSALT） plan is obtained by adjusting the censoring time of SSALT and solving the optimization problem for each case to achieve the same value of the determinant of Fisher information matrix as in the baseline optimum CSALT plan. Numer- ical examples are given finally which demonstrate the equivalent SSALT plan to the baseline optimum CSALT plan reduces almost half of the test time while achieving approximately the same estimation errors of model parameters.
