The embryo structure of two apomictir lines 296B and SSA-1 has been com-pared in present paper. The apomictic embryo has the same character of lacking (or short) sus-pensor in sorghum,otherwise,the sexual embryo has a...The embryo structure of two apomictir lines 296B and SSA-1 has been com-pared in present paper. The apomictic embryo has the same character of lacking (or short) sus-pensor in sorghum,otherwise,the sexual embryo has a long suspensor in the same species. This character as an index of judgement on apomxis was discussed. The same of unsexual embryos in the lack of suspensor suggested that there were some relationships between non-zagotic embryos.展开更多
Effects of five incubation temperatures (25℃ ,28℃ ,31℃ ,35℃ and 37℃ for 24hours) and four incubation time periods (0.4,16 and 24 hours at 35℃) on isolated microspore culture of Chinese cabbage were studied. The ...Effects of five incubation temperatures (25℃ ,28℃ ,31℃ ,35℃ and 37℃ for 24hours) and four incubation time periods (0.4,16 and 24 hours at 35℃) on isolated microspore culture of Chinese cabbage were studied. The results showed that cultured microspores of Chinese cabbage developed into embryos at all the incubation temperatues from 28℃ to 37℃ ,but the best response to high temperature occured at 35℃. Among the four kinds of time periods, the highest yield of embryos was obtained at the 24h treatment. Therefore, the isolated microspore culture of Chinese cabbege ran be efficiently carried out at 35℃ for 24 hours.展开更多
Abstract： Somatic embryogenesis from lily bulb scales has not been studied in details, although tissue culture methods have been applied to the propagation for decades. The effects of different kinds and concentratio...Abstract： Somatic embryogenesis from lily bulb scales has not been studied in details, although tissue culture methods have been applied to the propagation for decades. The effects of different kinds and concentration of auxins for oriental lily somatic embryogenesis were investigated （Lilium hybrida var. Sorbonne）. 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2, 4-D）, thidiazuron （TDZ） and α-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA） media with benzyladenine（6-BA） and lactalbumin hydrolysate （LH） were used for embryogenic callus in the darkness. The best response on embryogenic callus formation was obtained on MS media supplemented 2, 4-D 2.0 mg·L^-1, 6-BA 0.5 mg·L^-1 and LH 300 mg·L^-1. Transfer embryogenic callus to the media with TDZ, 6-BA, kinetin （KT） supplemented 2, 4-D. The highest number of somatic embryos has been produced on medium with 0.5 mg·L^-1 2, 4-D and 0.3 mg·L^-1 KT. Germinated embryos with shoot axes were changed to MS media with 6-BA 0.5 mg·L^-1. The results suggest that in vitro culture of somatic embryogenesis from lily bulb scales can be used for plant regeneration.展开更多
In order to evaluate the toxicity of the bisphenol A (BPA) on the growth of zebrafish embryos, fertilized eggs were exposed to the concentration of 2.00, 4.00, 6.00, 8.00, 10.00, 15.00, 18.00, 22.00 and 25.00mg/L BPA ...In order to evaluate the toxicity of the bisphenol A (BPA) on the growth of zebrafish embryos, fertilized eggs were exposed to the concentration of 2.00, 4.00, 6.00, 8.00, 10.00, 15.00, 18.00, 22.00 and 25.00mg/L BPA for 72 h at 26±1℃. The results revealed that the sublethal toxicological endpoints induced by BPA were:delayed hatch> blood balk >cyst>altered axial curvature and tail malformation. The median embryo lethal concentration (LC50) after 24 h was 16.36 mg/L. We concluded that the BPA toxicity on zebrafish embryos were caused before 8h exposure and it was not the result of long-term accumulation. Therefore, BPA maybe cause altered gene expression at the early stage of zebrafish embryos. In the further studies, we will use the technology of genetic chips to look for the toxic mechanism of BPA.展开更多
Most of model cotton varieties used in tissue culture have glands on both the reproductive and vegetative parts of the plant.These glands contain compounds that are toxic to human and non-ruminant animals.The presence...Most of model cotton varieties used in tissue culture have glands on both the reproductive and vegetative parts of the plant.These glands contain compounds that are toxic to human and non-ruminant animals.The presence of these compounds limits their usage as food and feed.To obtain a glandless cotton variety with high-frequency somatic embryo production ability,27 glandless varieties展开更多
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of GPAG and commonly used FCS on porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development after the fertilization. COCs were aspirated from follicles and cultured ...The aim of this study was to compare the effect of GPAG and commonly used FCS on porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development after the fertilization. COCs were aspirated from follicles and cultured for 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48 h in TCM-199 medium either with GPAG or FCS. After 24 h with GPAG, 89.4% of oocytes reached M Ⅰ stage while in the medium supplemented with FCS, only 27.7% of oocytes reached the same stage （P〈0.05）. Prolonged incubation for up to 32 h clearly demonstrated that some of oocytes cultured in GPAG medium were at M Ⅱ stage （35.7%）, few of oocytes from FCS medium were at M Ⅱ stage （7.5%） （P〈0.05）. Both groups of oocytes reached the same stage of maturation within 48 h. After 48 h of culture, the oocytes with extruded polar bodies were inseminated. Fertilized oocytes were cultured in PZM3 medium supplemented with 3 mg.mL of BSA. After 7 days, the development and the quality of embryos were evaluated. The results showed that the maturation of oocytes in the presence of GPAG significantly increased their subsequent developmental ability when compared with FCS supplementation （29.2% ： 18.9% of blastocysts, P〈0.05）. However, differential staining revealed that once blastocysts were formed in either group, they had the same total cell number （39 ： 38） and the ICM/total cell ratio （0.26 ： 0.28）展开更多
The effect of various concentrations of nitrobenzene on the mortality and abnormality rate of bighead and silver carp embryos were studied to provide reference for the evaluation of the effect of nitrobenzene to aquat...The effect of various concentrations of nitrobenzene on the mortality and abnormality rate of bighead and silver carp embryos were studied to provide reference for the evaluation of the effect of nitrobenzene to aquatic organisms and aquatic environment. The results showed that the development of bighead and silver carp embryos was delayed, the mortality and abnormality rates were raised when the embryos were treated with ≥0.010 mg·L^-1 nitrobenzene, and with ≥0.085 mg· L^-1 nitrobenzene, the mortality rates showed 100%展开更多
In order to establish the system of high frequency plant regeneration for japonica rice mature embryos, the effects of different concentrations of CuSO4 and uniconazole on in vitro culture of mature embryos were studi...In order to establish the system of high frequency plant regeneration for japonica rice mature embryos, the effects of different concentrations of CuSO4 and uniconazole on in vitro culture of mature embryos were studied using three rice cultivars of Kongyu 131, Longjing 24, and Dongnong 425 as test materials. The results showed that callus induction and differentiation of japonica rice mature embryos were apparently improved on the medium with 10-15 μmol·L-1 CuSO4 and 0.50-1.00 mg·L-1 uniconazole. Induction and differentiation rates of different genotype rice mature embryos displayed different sensitivities to CuSO4 and uniconazole. For the callus induction frequency of three varieties, the optimal concentration of CuSO4 was 15.0 mol·L-1. When the concentration of CuSO4 was 15 μmol·L-1, the plantlet differentiation rates of Kongyu 131 and Dongnong 425 got to the highest, while the concentration of CuSO4 was 10 μmol·L-1 for Longjing 24. For the callus induction and plantlet differentiation rates of Kongyu 131 and Dongnong 425, the ideal concentration of uniconazole was 0.50 mg·L-1 and for Longjing 24 was 1.00 mg·L-1.展开更多
A series of experiments were conducted to study the major procedures in nuclear transplantation such as oocyte enucleation and activation, electrofusion and developnent of the nuclear transplant embryos in the mouse, ...A series of experiments were conducted to study the major procedures in nuclear transplantation such as oocyte enucleation and activation, electrofusion and developnent of the nuclear transplant embryos in the mouse, rabbits and sheep. The important results are as follows:11. In the mouse, only 35% of the oocytes collected 15～16 h after hCG had a notable first polar body (FPb) and those without FPb were enucleated by removing cytoplasm from the PVS-wider side and the enucleation rate was similar to that in the oocytes with FPb, and the enucleation rate of removing 1/3 cytoplasm was remarkably higher than that of removing 1/4 cytoplasm. 2. Among the three fusion media tested, mannitol and sucrose solutions produced better results than M2 in electrofusion of mouse 2-cell embryos. Under favorable pulse conditions, the osmotic pressure of fusion medium had no motable effect on electrofusion, but as the conditions became so unfavorable that some embryos began to lyse, the fusion rates in hypertonie mannitol solution were significantly higher than those in isotonic or hypotonic solutions. A wide range of pulse strengths (0.31～2.04 by/ cm) and durations(10～1280 μs) were used and 100% of fusion were obtained in many cases. Optimal pulse durations were plotted for field strengths to obtain high fusion rates (96%～ 100%) in mouse2-cell embryos. 3. With one pulse of 0.45 by / cm, satisfactory results of mouse oocyte activation were obtained only when the duration increased to 160 μs or longer. The activation rate increased as the oocytes got older. Some of the oocytes ar. rested at metaphase Ⅲ after electrical stimulation and their proportion to the number of oocytes not activated increased with egg age. 4. 10% and 31% of the nuclear transplant embryos developed to morula or blastocyst stage in sheep and rabbits, respectively, with Chinese-made hormones and chemicals.展开更多
The genetic stability of variations of main agronomic characteristics in progenies from the regenerated plants of immature embryo culture in vitro was studied. The results showed that the variations of earliness in ma...The genetic stability of variations of main agronomic characteristics in progenies from the regenerated plants of immature embryo culture in vitro was studied. The results showed that the variations of earliness in maturity, high 1000-grain weight, plant height and grain weight per spike were heritable and tended to be stable in IE3 and completely stable in IE4 The wide variation of main agronomic characteristics induced by embryo culture in vitro provided the probability of selection in wheat improvement. Some somaclonal lines with useful variations could be used directly in wheat production.展开更多
Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP)functions as an acute phase protein and plays a role in the innate immune response to bacterial challenge.To investigate the uterine expression of LBP during peri-implantation in...Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP)functions as an acute phase protein and plays a role in the innate immune response to bacterial challenge.To investigate the uterine expression of LBP during peri-implantation in mice,in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of LBP in mouse uteri in the early pregnancy,pseudopregnancy,artificial decidualization and hormone-treated mice.The results showed that LBP was expressed in uterine luminal epithelium(LE)and glandular epithelium(GE)during days 1-4 of pregnancy.During days 5-8,LBP was weakly expressed in the decidual cells around the embryo on the 5th day of pregnancy(implantation occurred),then gradually increased,LBP was strongly expressed in the decidual zone on the 8th day of pregnancy.The expression of LBP in pseudopregnancy was similar with pregnancy on days 1-4.In artificial decidualization mice,LBP was observed in uterine LE and GE in the control horn,whereas LBP expression was significantly higher in decidua of mouse uteri under artificial decidualization.In hormone-treated mice,the expression of LBP wasup-regulated by 17β-estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P4).In addition,the cultured mouse endometrial stromal cells(mESCs)were induced for in vitro decidualization with 10 nmol·L-1 E2 and 1μmol·L-1 P4.Real-time PCR results showed that LBP mRNA expression was highly induced in mESCs after decidual stimulus.In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that LBP was expressed in the decidual cells,indicating that LBP involved in decidualization of mouse uteri.展开更多
The objective of the study was to describe and improve a technique for laparoscopic embryo transfer into the oviduct and uterine horns of pigs and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this method. Fourteen female...The objective of the study was to describe and improve a technique for laparoscopic embryo transfer into the oviduct and uterine horns of pigs and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this method. Fourteen female pigs were randomly allocated into groups A and B： three portals were used for group A, and the simulation of embryo（0.9% Na Cl, 0.2 m L） was injected into the tip of uterine horn; three or four portals were used for group B, and the injection set of the oviduct was inserted through the abdominal orifice of uterine tube into the oviduct to inject the simulation of embryo. The repeat laparoscopy was performed on the 21 st day. Three pigs randomly selected from each groups were repeated the same procedure three times, and then were euthanized on the 21 st day after the last surgery and a complete necropsy performed. Laparoscopic embryo transfer was performed successfully in all pigs without major intra-and post-operative complications. The average surgical time which accomplished procedures for groups A and B was 18.6 min（range, 28-14 min） and 37.4 min（range, 53-29 min）. Postoperatively, none of pigs appeared to abnormal signs. This study demonstrated that laparoscopic embryo transfer could be easily accomplished by using the special-purpose equipment and increasing reuse time of a female recipient.展开更多
An efficient plant regeneration system was developed from the immature embryos of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines, which resistant to powdery mildew. The protocol was based o...An efficient plant regeneration system was developed from the immature embryos of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines, which resistant to powdery mildew. The protocol was based on a series of experiments involving the callus induction and differentiation. The experiment studied the effects of embryo size on callus induction and differentiation of the immature embryos. We found that the embryo size is critical for the establishment of embryogenic callus. Immature embryos (0.8～1.5 mm) showed high ability to produce embryogenic callus capable of regenerating green plants. The medium Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) added with 2mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) gave the best embryogenic callus induction, maintenance and regeneration. The embryogenic callus maintained high regeneration during six subcultures in the callus induction medium. Suitable time of partial desiccation could effectively improve the regeneration capacity of the callus cultured for 3～4 month.Bud green spot and root green spot were observed during the differentiation of callus and the difference between them was described. Regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Plants were successfully transferred to soil and grew well. This efficient plant regeneration system provides a foundation for the study of somaclonal variation of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines.展开更多
The fertilization and development process of embryo and endosperm of strawberry, Gelila snd Xiaoshi which were broadly cultivated in Harbin were investigated by optical microscopy、fluorescence microscopy and transmis...The fertilization and development process of embryo and endosperm of strawberry, Gelila snd Xiaoshi which were broadly cultivated in Harbin were investigated by optical microscopy、fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The papilla cells ranked in grid orid on its stigma and the flourishing transmitting tissue appeared in the center of its thin and long pistillary. There was only one crassinucellate hemianatropous ovule with Polygonum type embryo sac and single integument in each ovary. The germination of pollen and the pathway of pollen tube growth could be clearly observed with fluorescence microscopy: stigma→transmitting tissue in pistillary→intine of ovary placenta→the surface of ovule→micropyle. The development of embryo was consistent with most dicotyledons : zygote→2-cell proembryo→proembryo shaped like a ball→proembryo shaped like a heart→proembryo shaped like a torpedo→proembryo formed two cotyledons. The embryo was orthotropous and its development was asterad type. The endosperm development belonged to nuclear type as following: primary endosperm nucleus→free endosperm nucleus→endosperm cell→endosperm assimilated gradually by embryo. There was a special structure around it during the development of Gelila embryo.展开更多
Factors affecting the in vitro germination and growth of Taxus cuspidata embryos were examined. DCR medium was the best among 6 basal media tested; embryos from stage II seeds were the optimal developmental stage for ...Factors affecting the in vitro germination and growth of Taxus cuspidata embryos were examined. DCR medium was the best among 6 basal media tested; embryos from stage II seeds were the optimal developmental stage for in vitro germination; as the seeds approached maturity, germinability of embryos decrease. Embryos cultured in darkness tended to form callus and decrease the frequency of germination; inoculation method obviously affected frequency of embryo germination. Embryos cultured in optimal conditions developed into seedlings in 2 months.展开更多
文摘The embryo structure of two apomictir lines 296B and SSA-1 has been com-pared in present paper. The apomictic embryo has the same character of lacking (or short) sus-pensor in sorghum,otherwise,the sexual embryo has a long suspensor in the same species. This character as an index of judgement on apomxis was discussed. The same of unsexual embryos in the lack of suspensor suggested that there were some relationships between non-zagotic embryos.
文摘Effects of five incubation temperatures (25℃ ,28℃ ,31℃ ,35℃ and 37℃ for 24hours) and four incubation time periods (0.4,16 and 24 hours at 35℃) on isolated microspore culture of Chinese cabbage were studied. The results showed that cultured microspores of Chinese cabbage developed into embryos at all the incubation temperatues from 28℃ to 37℃ ,but the best response to high temperature occured at 35℃. Among the four kinds of time periods, the highest yield of embryos was obtained at the 24h treatment. Therefore, the isolated microspore culture of Chinese cabbege ran be efficiently carried out at 35℃ for 24 hours.
文摘Abstract： Somatic embryogenesis from lily bulb scales has not been studied in details, although tissue culture methods have been applied to the propagation for decades. The effects of different kinds and concentration of auxins for oriental lily somatic embryogenesis were investigated （Lilium hybrida var. Sorbonne）. 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2, 4-D）, thidiazuron （TDZ） and α-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA） media with benzyladenine（6-BA） and lactalbumin hydrolysate （LH） were used for embryogenic callus in the darkness. The best response on embryogenic callus formation was obtained on MS media supplemented 2, 4-D 2.0 mg·L^-1, 6-BA 0.5 mg·L^-1 and LH 300 mg·L^-1. Transfer embryogenic callus to the media with TDZ, 6-BA, kinetin （KT） supplemented 2, 4-D. The highest number of somatic embryos has been produced on medium with 0.5 mg·L^-1 2, 4-D and 0.3 mg·L^-1 KT. Germinated embryos with shoot axes were changed to MS media with 6-BA 0.5 mg·L^-1. The results suggest that in vitro culture of somatic embryogenesis from lily bulb scales can be used for plant regeneration.
文摘In order to evaluate the toxicity of the bisphenol A (BPA) on the growth of zebrafish embryos, fertilized eggs were exposed to the concentration of 2.00, 4.00, 6.00, 8.00, 10.00, 15.00, 18.00, 22.00 and 25.00mg/L BPA for 72 h at 26±1℃. The results revealed that the sublethal toxicological endpoints induced by BPA were:delayed hatch> blood balk >cyst>altered axial curvature and tail malformation. The median embryo lethal concentration (LC50) after 24 h was 16.36 mg/L. We concluded that the BPA toxicity on zebrafish embryos were caused before 8h exposure and it was not the result of long-term accumulation. Therefore, BPA maybe cause altered gene expression at the early stage of zebrafish embryos. In the further studies, we will use the technology of genetic chips to look for the toxic mechanism of BPA.
文摘Most of model cotton varieties used in tissue culture have glands on both the reproductive and vegetative parts of the plant.These glands contain compounds that are toxic to human and non-ruminant animals.The presence of these compounds limits their usage as food and feed.To obtain a glandless cotton variety with high-frequency somatic embryo production ability,27 glandless varieties
文摘The aim of this study was to compare the effect of GPAG and commonly used FCS on porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development after the fertilization. COCs were aspirated from follicles and cultured for 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48 h in TCM-199 medium either with GPAG or FCS. After 24 h with GPAG, 89.4% of oocytes reached M Ⅰ stage while in the medium supplemented with FCS, only 27.7% of oocytes reached the same stage （P〈0.05）. Prolonged incubation for up to 32 h clearly demonstrated that some of oocytes cultured in GPAG medium were at M Ⅱ stage （35.7%）, few of oocytes from FCS medium were at M Ⅱ stage （7.5%） （P〈0.05）. Both groups of oocytes reached the same stage of maturation within 48 h. After 48 h of culture, the oocytes with extruded polar bodies were inseminated. Fertilized oocytes were cultured in PZM3 medium supplemented with 3 mg.mL of BSA. After 7 days, the development and the quality of embryos were evaluated. The results showed that the maturation of oocytes in the presence of GPAG significantly increased their subsequent developmental ability when compared with FCS supplementation （29.2% ： 18.9% of blastocysts, P〈0.05）. However, differential staining revealed that once blastocysts were formed in either group, they had the same total cell number （39 ： 38） and the ICM/total cell ratio （0.26 ： 0.28）
文摘The effect of various concentrations of nitrobenzene on the mortality and abnormality rate of bighead and silver carp embryos were studied to provide reference for the evaluation of the effect of nitrobenzene to aquatic organisms and aquatic environment. The results showed that the development of bighead and silver carp embryos was delayed, the mortality and abnormality rates were raised when the embryos were treated with ≥0.010 mg·L^-1 nitrobenzene, and with ≥0.085 mg· L^-1 nitrobenzene, the mortality rates showed 100%
基金Supported by Program in 12th Five-year Plan Rural Areas National Science and Technology Plan(2013BAD20B04)Tackle Key in Science and Technology of Chinese Science and Technology Ministry(2011BAD35B02-01)Program in Sience and Technology of Chinese Science and Technology Ministry(2011BAD16B11)
文摘In order to establish the system of high frequency plant regeneration for japonica rice mature embryos, the effects of different concentrations of CuSO4 and uniconazole on in vitro culture of mature embryos were studied using three rice cultivars of Kongyu 131, Longjing 24, and Dongnong 425 as test materials. The results showed that callus induction and differentiation of japonica rice mature embryos were apparently improved on the medium with 10-15 μmol·L-1 CuSO4 and 0.50-1.00 mg·L-1 uniconazole. Induction and differentiation rates of different genotype rice mature embryos displayed different sensitivities to CuSO4 and uniconazole. For the callus induction frequency of three varieties, the optimal concentration of CuSO4 was 15.0 mol·L-1. When the concentration of CuSO4 was 15 μmol·L-1, the plantlet differentiation rates of Kongyu 131 and Dongnong 425 got to the highest, while the concentration of CuSO4 was 10 μmol·L-1 for Longjing 24. For the callus induction and plantlet differentiation rates of Kongyu 131 and Dongnong 425, the ideal concentration of uniconazole was 0.50 mg·L-1 and for Longjing 24 was 1.00 mg·L-1.
文摘A series of experiments were conducted to study the major procedures in nuclear transplantation such as oocyte enucleation and activation, electrofusion and developnent of the nuclear transplant embryos in the mouse, rabbits and sheep. The important results are as follows:11. In the mouse, only 35% of the oocytes collected 15～16 h after hCG had a notable first polar body (FPb) and those without FPb were enucleated by removing cytoplasm from the PVS-wider side and the enucleation rate was similar to that in the oocytes with FPb, and the enucleation rate of removing 1/3 cytoplasm was remarkably higher than that of removing 1/4 cytoplasm. 2. Among the three fusion media tested, mannitol and sucrose solutions produced better results than M2 in electrofusion of mouse 2-cell embryos. Under favorable pulse conditions, the osmotic pressure of fusion medium had no motable effect on electrofusion, but as the conditions became so unfavorable that some embryos began to lyse, the fusion rates in hypertonie mannitol solution were significantly higher than those in isotonic or hypotonic solutions. A wide range of pulse strengths (0.31～2.04 by/ cm) and durations(10～1280 μs) were used and 100% of fusion were obtained in many cases. Optimal pulse durations were plotted for field strengths to obtain high fusion rates (96%～ 100%) in mouse2-cell embryos. 3. With one pulse of 0.45 by / cm, satisfactory results of mouse oocyte activation were obtained only when the duration increased to 160 μs or longer. The activation rate increased as the oocytes got older. Some of the oocytes ar. rested at metaphase Ⅲ after electrical stimulation and their proportion to the number of oocytes not activated increased with egg age. 4. 10% and 31% of the nuclear transplant embryos developed to morula or blastocyst stage in sheep and rabbits, respectively, with Chinese-made hormones and chemicals.
文摘The genetic stability of variations of main agronomic characteristics in progenies from the regenerated plants of immature embryo culture in vitro was studied. The results showed that the variations of earliness in maturity, high 1000-grain weight, plant height and grain weight per spike were heritable and tended to be stable in IE3 and completely stable in IE4 The wide variation of main agronomic characteristics induced by embryo culture in vitro provided the probability of selection in wheat improvement. Some somaclonal lines with useful variations could be used directly in wheat production.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31472097)。
文摘Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP)functions as an acute phase protein and plays a role in the innate immune response to bacterial challenge.To investigate the uterine expression of LBP during peri-implantation in mice,in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of LBP in mouse uteri in the early pregnancy,pseudopregnancy,artificial decidualization and hormone-treated mice.The results showed that LBP was expressed in uterine luminal epithelium(LE)and glandular epithelium(GE)during days 1-4 of pregnancy.During days 5-8,LBP was weakly expressed in the decidual cells around the embryo on the 5th day of pregnancy(implantation occurred),then gradually increased,LBP was strongly expressed in the decidual zone on the 8th day of pregnancy.The expression of LBP in pseudopregnancy was similar with pregnancy on days 1-4.In artificial decidualization mice,LBP was observed in uterine LE and GE in the control horn,whereas LBP expression was significantly higher in decidua of mouse uteri under artificial decidualization.In hormone-treated mice,the expression of LBP wasup-regulated by 17β-estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P4).In addition,the cultured mouse endometrial stromal cells(mESCs)were induced for in vitro decidualization with 10 nmol·L-1 E2 and 1μmol·L-1 P4.Real-time PCR results showed that LBP mRNA expression was highly induced in mESCs after decidual stimulus.In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that LBP was expressed in the decidual cells,indicating that LBP involved in decidualization of mouse uteri.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3120116431472245)
文摘The objective of the study was to describe and improve a technique for laparoscopic embryo transfer into the oviduct and uterine horns of pigs and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this method. Fourteen female pigs were randomly allocated into groups A and B： three portals were used for group A, and the simulation of embryo（0.9% Na Cl, 0.2 m L） was injected into the tip of uterine horn; three or four portals were used for group B, and the injection set of the oviduct was inserted through the abdominal orifice of uterine tube into the oviduct to inject the simulation of embryo. The repeat laparoscopy was performed on the 21 st day. Three pigs randomly selected from each groups were repeated the same procedure three times, and then were euthanized on the 21 st day after the last surgery and a complete necropsy performed. Laparoscopic embryo transfer was performed successfully in all pigs without major intra-and post-operative complications. The average surgical time which accomplished procedures for groups A and B was 18.6 min（range, 28-14 min） and 37.4 min（range, 53-29 min）. Postoperatively, none of pigs appeared to abnormal signs. This study demonstrated that laparoscopic embryo transfer could be easily accomplished by using the special-purpose equipment and increasing reuse time of a female recipient.
文摘An efficient plant regeneration system was developed from the immature embryos of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines, which resistant to powdery mildew. The protocol was based on a series of experiments involving the callus induction and differentiation. The experiment studied the effects of embryo size on callus induction and differentiation of the immature embryos. We found that the embryo size is critical for the establishment of embryogenic callus. Immature embryos (0.8～1.5 mm) showed high ability to produce embryogenic callus capable of regenerating green plants. The medium Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) added with 2mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) gave the best embryogenic callus induction, maintenance and regeneration. The embryogenic callus maintained high regeneration during six subcultures in the callus induction medium. Suitable time of partial desiccation could effectively improve the regeneration capacity of the callus cultured for 3～4 month.Bud green spot and root green spot were observed during the differentiation of callus and the difference between them was described. Regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Plants were successfully transferred to soil and grew well. This efficient plant regeneration system provides a foundation for the study of somaclonal variation of Triticum aestivum L. - Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines.
文摘The fertilization and development process of embryo and endosperm of strawberry, Gelila snd Xiaoshi which were broadly cultivated in Harbin were investigated by optical microscopy、fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The papilla cells ranked in grid orid on its stigma and the flourishing transmitting tissue appeared in the center of its thin and long pistillary. There was only one crassinucellate hemianatropous ovule with Polygonum type embryo sac and single integument in each ovary. The germination of pollen and the pathway of pollen tube growth could be clearly observed with fluorescence microscopy: stigma→transmitting tissue in pistillary→intine of ovary placenta→the surface of ovule→micropyle. The development of embryo was consistent with most dicotyledons : zygote→2-cell proembryo→proembryo shaped like a ball→proembryo shaped like a heart→proembryo shaped like a torpedo→proembryo formed two cotyledons. The embryo was orthotropous and its development was asterad type. The endosperm development belonged to nuclear type as following: primary endosperm nucleus→free endosperm nucleus→endosperm cell→endosperm assimilated gradually by embryo. There was a special structure around it during the development of Gelila embryo.
文摘Factors affecting the in vitro germination and growth of Taxus cuspidata embryos were examined. DCR medium was the best among 6 basal media tested; embryos from stage II seeds were the optimal developmental stage for in vitro germination; as the seeds approached maturity, germinability of embryos decrease. Embryos cultured in darkness tended to form callus and decrease the frequency of germination; inoculation method obviously affected frequency of embryo germination. Embryos cultured in optimal conditions developed into seedlings in 2 months.
