12%difenoconazole+fluxapyroxad SC(commercial name:Jiangong)was first released by BASF in China in 2016.It has been registered to control many diseases,including pear scab,apple Alternaria leaf spot,tomato early blight...12%difenoconazole+fluxapyroxad SC(commercial name:Jiangong)was first released by BASF in China in 2016.It has been registered to control many diseases,including pear scab,apple Alternaria leaf spot,tomato early blight,cucumber powdery mildew,etc.This study evaluated the bioactivity of Jiangong against Alternaria alternata and explored variations of phyllosphere microorganisms in both asymptomatic and tobacco brown spot leaves at different persistence periods(0,5,10,and 15 days post-fungicide application)using high-throughput sequencing technology.The results indicated that Jiangong effectively inhibited mycelial growth(average EC_(50) value of 0.51μg/mL),conidia germination(average EC_(50) value of 3.47μg/mL),and the carbon metabolism of A.alternata.Both asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves presented complex microbial communities.Higher fungal diversity was noted in asymptomatic leaves,while higher bacterial diversity was found in symptomatic leaves.After application,the diversity and abundance of microbial community structures in both types of leaves changed over time.Fungal microbiome communities showed greater sensitivity than bacterial groups,with the microbiome communities of asymptomatic leaves being more affected than those of symptomatic leaves.Fungal community diversity decreased for both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application,while the diversity of fungal community in symptomatic leaves showed an upward trend after 10 days of application.Meanwhile,bacterial community diversity increased in both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application but then declined in asymptomatic leaves after 15 days.The abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere bacteria(metabolism,genetic information processing,environmental information processing)was not affected by the application of Jiangong.However,the abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere fungi(animal pathogen-endophyte-wood saprotroph,endophyte-plant pathogen,plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph)was significantly affected by the application of Jiangong,and high variation was found in symptomatic leaves than that of asymptomatic leaves.The application of Jiangong-induced alterations in the community structure of the tobacco phyllosphere microbiome provides a basis for future tobacco brown spot control strategies based on phyllospheric microecology.展开更多
[目的]解决烤烟生长连作障碍。[方法]通过2021—2023年生物有机肥定位试验,研究连续3年生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生多样性的影响。[结果]连作种植下连续3年施用生物有机肥的植烟土壤pH及有机质呈上升趋势,碱解氮含量降低,...[目的]解决烤烟生长连作障碍。[方法]通过2021—2023年生物有机肥定位试验,研究连续3年生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生多样性的影响。[结果]连作种植下连续3年施用生物有机肥的植烟土壤pH及有机质呈上升趋势,碱解氮含量降低,有效磷及速效钾含量保持稳定。MiSeq高通量测序技术对植烟土壤细菌16S DNA V3~V4区域及真菌ITS ITS1的检测结果显示,连作种植下随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加,植烟土壤中的细菌及真菌OTUs数目、Chao1指数、香浓指数及物种数目呈增加趋势。在门水平上,连作植烟土壤酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)丰富度随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加而增加,而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度减少;植烟土壤生物有机肥施用1年,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)丰富度最高,连续施用2年担子菌门(Basidiomycota)丰富度最高。[结论]生物有机肥能够降低连作植烟土壤酸化状况,提高土壤有机质含量,增加土壤微生物多样性,对稳定土壤速效养分具有一定的作用,为解决烟区连作障碍提供一定的理论依据。展开更多
基金Supported by China National Tobacco Corporation[No.110202101048(LS-08)]Hundred’Level Innovative Talent Foundation of Guizhou Province(No.GCC[2022]028-1,GCC[2023]108)+2 种基金Guizhou Science Technology Foundation(No.ZK[2021]Key036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32160522)Guizhou Province Applied Technology Research and Development Funding Post-subsidy Project and Guizhou Tobacco Company(No.2020XM03,2020XM22,2024XM06).
文摘12%difenoconazole+fluxapyroxad SC(commercial name:Jiangong)was first released by BASF in China in 2016.It has been registered to control many diseases,including pear scab,apple Alternaria leaf spot,tomato early blight,cucumber powdery mildew,etc.This study evaluated the bioactivity of Jiangong against Alternaria alternata and explored variations of phyllosphere microorganisms in both asymptomatic and tobacco brown spot leaves at different persistence periods(0,5,10,and 15 days post-fungicide application)using high-throughput sequencing technology.The results indicated that Jiangong effectively inhibited mycelial growth(average EC_(50) value of 0.51μg/mL),conidia germination(average EC_(50) value of 3.47μg/mL),and the carbon metabolism of A.alternata.Both asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves presented complex microbial communities.Higher fungal diversity was noted in asymptomatic leaves,while higher bacterial diversity was found in symptomatic leaves.After application,the diversity and abundance of microbial community structures in both types of leaves changed over time.Fungal microbiome communities showed greater sensitivity than bacterial groups,with the microbiome communities of asymptomatic leaves being more affected than those of symptomatic leaves.Fungal community diversity decreased for both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application,while the diversity of fungal community in symptomatic leaves showed an upward trend after 10 days of application.Meanwhile,bacterial community diversity increased in both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves after 5 days of application but then declined in asymptomatic leaves after 15 days.The abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere bacteria(metabolism,genetic information processing,environmental information processing)was not affected by the application of Jiangong.However,the abundance of the dominant function group of phyllosphere fungi(animal pathogen-endophyte-wood saprotroph,endophyte-plant pathogen,plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph)was significantly affected by the application of Jiangong,and high variation was found in symptomatic leaves than that of asymptomatic leaves.The application of Jiangong-induced alterations in the community structure of the tobacco phyllosphere microbiome provides a basis for future tobacco brown spot control strategies based on phyllospheric microecology.
文摘[目的]解决烤烟生长连作障碍。[方法]通过2021—2023年生物有机肥定位试验,研究连续3年生物有机肥施用对连作植烟土壤养分及微生多样性的影响。[结果]连作种植下连续3年施用生物有机肥的植烟土壤pH及有机质呈上升趋势,碱解氮含量降低,有效磷及速效钾含量保持稳定。MiSeq高通量测序技术对植烟土壤细菌16S DNA V3~V4区域及真菌ITS ITS1的检测结果显示,连作种植下随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加,植烟土壤中的细菌及真菌OTUs数目、Chao1指数、香浓指数及物种数目呈增加趋势。在门水平上,连作植烟土壤酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)丰富度随着生物有机肥施用年限的增加而增加,而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度减少;植烟土壤生物有机肥施用1年,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)丰富度最高,连续施用2年担子菌门(Basidiomycota)丰富度最高。[结论]生物有机肥能够降低连作植烟土壤酸化状况,提高土壤有机质含量,增加土壤微生物多样性,对稳定土壤速效养分具有一定的作用,为解决烟区连作障碍提供一定的理论依据。
