The emerging virtual coupling technology aims to operate multiple train units in a Virtually Coupled Train Set(VCTS)at a minimal but safe distance.To guarantee collision avoidance,the safety distance should be calcula...The emerging virtual coupling technology aims to operate multiple train units in a Virtually Coupled Train Set(VCTS)at a minimal but safe distance.To guarantee collision avoidance,the safety distance should be calculated using the state-of-the-art space-time separation principle that separates the Emergency Braking(EB)trajectories of two successive units during the whole EB process.In this case,the minimal safety distance is usually numerically calculated without an analytic formulation.Thus,the constrained VCTS control problem is hard to address with space-time separation,which is still a gap in the existing literature.To solve this problem,we propose a Distributed Economic Model Predictive Control(DEMPC)approach with computation efficiency and theoretical guarantee.Specifically,to alleviate the computation burden,we transform implicit safety constraints into explicitly linear ones,such that the optimal control problem in DEMPC is a quadratic programming problem that can be solved efficiently.For theoretical analysis,sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the recursive feasibility and stability of DEMPC,employing compatibility constraints,tube techniques and terminal ingredient tuning.Moreover,we extend our approach with globally optimal and distributed online EB configuration methods to shorten the minimal distance among VCTS.Finally,experimental results demonstrate the performance and advantages of the proposed approaches.展开更多
为保证全直流风电系统安全并网运行,系统直流电压稳定控制至关重要。全直流风电系统直流电压稳定控制采用比例积分(PI)控制时,PI参数较多且整定繁琐复杂,在非正常运行工况下动态响应速度相对较慢,控制精度不够高。针对以上问题,文章提...为保证全直流风电系统安全并网运行,系统直流电压稳定控制至关重要。全直流风电系统直流电压稳定控制采用比例积分(PI)控制时,PI参数较多且整定繁琐复杂,在非正常运行工况下动态响应速度相对较慢,控制精度不够高。针对以上问题,文章提出一种基于有限控制集模型预测控制(Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control,FCS-MPC)原理对系统换流器桥臂晶体管开关状态进行控制的系统直流电压稳定控制策略。该策略结合机侧整流器及并网逆变器的电流预测模型,以换流器输出电流为控制变量构造代价函数,以代价函数为优化目标,为避免计算时延导致的控制延时,引入延时补偿提高控制准确度,并引入权重系数实现多目标优化,通过遍历计算产生最优开关组合信号触发换流器。在Matlab/Simulink中建立全直流风电系统的仿真模型,在不同工况下,对所提策略与传统PI控制进行对比仿真分析,仿真结果有效验证了所提控制策略的静态性能及动态性能。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372310)the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation(RAO2023ZZ001)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022JBQY001)Beijing Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit.
文摘The emerging virtual coupling technology aims to operate multiple train units in a Virtually Coupled Train Set(VCTS)at a minimal but safe distance.To guarantee collision avoidance,the safety distance should be calculated using the state-of-the-art space-time separation principle that separates the Emergency Braking(EB)trajectories of two successive units during the whole EB process.In this case,the minimal safety distance is usually numerically calculated without an analytic formulation.Thus,the constrained VCTS control problem is hard to address with space-time separation,which is still a gap in the existing literature.To solve this problem,we propose a Distributed Economic Model Predictive Control(DEMPC)approach with computation efficiency and theoretical guarantee.Specifically,to alleviate the computation burden,we transform implicit safety constraints into explicitly linear ones,such that the optimal control problem in DEMPC is a quadratic programming problem that can be solved efficiently.For theoretical analysis,sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the recursive feasibility and stability of DEMPC,employing compatibility constraints,tube techniques and terminal ingredient tuning.Moreover,we extend our approach with globally optimal and distributed online EB configuration methods to shorten the minimal distance among VCTS.Finally,experimental results demonstrate the performance and advantages of the proposed approaches.
文摘为保证全直流风电系统安全并网运行,系统直流电压稳定控制至关重要。全直流风电系统直流电压稳定控制采用比例积分(PI)控制时,PI参数较多且整定繁琐复杂,在非正常运行工况下动态响应速度相对较慢,控制精度不够高。针对以上问题,文章提出一种基于有限控制集模型预测控制(Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control,FCS-MPC)原理对系统换流器桥臂晶体管开关状态进行控制的系统直流电压稳定控制策略。该策略结合机侧整流器及并网逆变器的电流预测模型,以换流器输出电流为控制变量构造代价函数,以代价函数为优化目标,为避免计算时延导致的控制延时,引入延时补偿提高控制准确度,并引入权重系数实现多目标优化,通过遍历计算产生最优开关组合信号触发换流器。在Matlab/Simulink中建立全直流风电系统的仿真模型,在不同工况下,对所提策略与传统PI控制进行对比仿真分析,仿真结果有效验证了所提控制策略的静态性能及动态性能。
文摘永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,PMSM)弱磁控制系统常用于电动汽车领域。电动汽车运行于低速时,PMSM需要输出大转矩,以响应快速起步、加速及爬坡需求;电动汽车运行于高速,且超过额定速度时,PMSM处于弱磁状态,需具备一定的带载能力,以满足高速行驶和超车工况。针对PMSM弱磁控制中的转速突变,文章设计了自抗扰控制器(Active Disturbances Rejection Controller,ADRC)替代速度外环PI控制器,对扰动项快速观测和补偿,减小速度突变对系统造成干扰,实现转速精准跟踪。针对转矩项干扰,结合转矩和磁链输出值设计有限集模型预测控制(Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control,FCS-MPC)以替代传统直接转矩控制(Direct Torque Control,DTC),构建令转矩和磁链脉动最小的价值函数,再通过价值函数的计算寻优,选取出最优空间矢量控制信号输送给逆变器。基于ADRC和FCS-MPC的优化作用,弱磁控制系统的抗扰能力、电流和转矩输出精度增强,试验验证了所设计系统的可行性和性能优势。
