In recent decades,many software reliability growth models（SRGMs） have been proposed for the engineers and testers in measuring the software reliability precisely.Most of them is established based on the non-homogene...In recent decades,many software reliability growth models（SRGMs） have been proposed for the engineers and testers in measuring the software reliability precisely.Most of them is established based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）,and it is proved that the prediction accuracy of such models could be improved by adding the describing of characterization of testing effort.However,some research work indicates that the fault detection rate（FDR） is another key factor affects final software quality.Most early NHPPbased models deal with the FDR as constant or piecewise function,which does not fit the different testing stages well.Thus,this paper first incorporates a multivariate function of FDR,which is bathtub-shaped,into the NHPP-based SRGMs considering testing effort in order to further improve performance.A new model framework is proposed,and a stepwise method is used to apply the framework with real data sets to find the optimal model.Experimental studies show that the obtained new model can provide better performance of fitting and prediction compared with other traditional SRGMs.展开更多
The geometry of the Qianning-Kangding segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone is quite complex, and it is composed of four secondary-faults, i.e., the Yalahe fault, Selaha-Kangding fault, Zeduotang fault and Moxi fault. ...The geometry of the Qianning-Kangding segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone is quite complex, and it is composed of four secondary-faults, i.e., the Yalahe fault, Selaha-Kangding fault, Zeduotang fault and Moxi fault. On this segment, three strong earthquakes with M(7.0 occurred in 1725, 1786 and 1955, respectively. Based on a study of fault landform and geochronology (14C and Thermoluminesense), this paper documents the average horizontal slip rates during the late-Quaternary on all the secondary-faults of the Qianning-Kangding segment as follows: Yalahe fault: (2.0(0.2) mm/a; Selaha-Kangding fault: (5.5(0.6) mm/a; Zeduotang fault: (3.6(0.3) mm/a; Moxi fault: (9.9(0.6) mm/a. The results from the investigation of surface ruptures of historical earthquakes, coseismic-slip and paleo-earthquakes show that the strong-earthquake recurrence intervals are thousands of years on the Yalahe fault, and 230 to 350 years on the Selaha-Kangding and Zeduotang faults. In the next one hundred years, the recurrence of a strong-earthquake on these faults appears impossible. However, the strong-earthquake recurrence interval on the Moxi fault is about 300 years. Up to now, it has been 214 years since the last earthquake (magnitude 7) occurred in 1786, therefore, this fault is now approaching the condition favorable for the next strong earthquake recurrence.展开更多
This paper focuses on the fast rate fault detection filter (FDF) problem for a class of multirate sampled-data (MSD) systems. A lifting technique is used to convert such an MSD system into a linear time-invariant disc...This paper focuses on the fast rate fault detection filter (FDF) problem for a class of multirate sampled-data (MSD) systems. A lifting technique is used to convert such an MSD system into a linear time-invariant discrete-time one and an unknown input observer (UIO) is considered as FDF to generate residual. The design of FDF is formulated as an H∞ optimization problem and a solvable condition as well as an optimal solution are derived. The causality of the residual generator can be guaranteed so that the fast rate residual can be implemented via inverse lifting. A numerical example is included to demonstrate the feasibility of the obtained results.展开更多
Located on the western of Sichuan, the east border of Tibet plateau, Xianshuihe fault is a significant strong earthquake zone. From Huiyuansi pull\|apart basin in Qianning, Xianshuihe fault can be divided two segments...Located on the western of Sichuan, the east border of Tibet plateau, Xianshuihe fault is a significant strong earthquake zone. From Huiyuansi pull\|apart basin in Qianning, Xianshuihe fault can be divided two segments\|NW section and SE section: the construction of the former is single and a main fault; the construction of the latter is complex and composed by three parallel faults, its main fault is named as Selaha—Kangding fault, which distributes along Jinlongsi, Sehala, Mugecuo and Kangding. Yalahe fault, located at the NE direction of the main fault, and Zeduotang fault, located at the SW direction of the main fault, are all secondary faults, which are 9～13km away from the main fault. At the south of Kangding, the segment of Xianshuihe fault is a single main section, called as Moxi fault. On the basis of recent researching results, this paper mainly discusses the slip rate and recurrence interval of strong earthquake of the SE segment (Qianning—Kangding) on Xianshuihe.展开更多
Jiali fault is one of the major faults in southeastern Tibetan plateau. From Naqu to Jiali along which the field investigation has been done, the fault roughly extends in N60W direction and consists of three segments ...Jiali fault is one of the major faults in southeastern Tibetan plateau. From Naqu to Jiali along which the field investigation has been done, the fault roughly extends in N60W direction and consists of three segments arranged in en echelon. From Luoermano to Esukongma (about 40km) where the fault is the northern boundary of the Sangdi basin that extend north\|south, late Quaternary surface ruptures have been found. Within this segment the creeks and gullies that cross the fault were offset and the displacements range from several meters to about 5km. The average slip rate during late Quaternary is about 10mm/a for this segment. An interesting phenomena is that the large displacement can only be found at those places where the fault is related to the basins that extend north\|south. Outside the basins, no convincing evidence has been found for late Quaternary surface ruptures and average slip rate for the whole fault is only about 3mm/a middle Pleistocene. It seems that these strike\|slip faults behave like a transform fault and the strike\|slip motion along them were a consequence of east\|west extension that creates the north\|south graben systems rather than the vice versa.展开更多
预测与健康管理(prognostics and health management,PHM)指标是否科学将直接影响PHM的设计效果,进而影响装备的可用性。针对实践中缺乏理论性与可实现性强的PHM指标论证方法,提出从装备综合效能指标到PHM综合指标、再到PHM能力指标的...预测与健康管理(prognostics and health management,PHM)指标是否科学将直接影响PHM的设计效果,进而影响装备的可用性。针对实践中缺乏理论性与可实现性强的PHM指标论证方法,提出从装备综合效能指标到PHM综合指标、再到PHM能力指标的分级论证方法。选取可用度作为装备综合效能指标,定义了健康状态评估率并将其作为PHM综合指标,推导出可用度与健康状态评估率的关系式,以可用度最大化为目标求解出健康状态评估率指标。证明了健康状态评估率等于故障覆盖率与评估准确度的乘积,二者分别取决于感知单元的数量和诊断预测方法的准确性,这对开展PHM设计有指导意义。通过案例检验了上述方法的有效性和实用性。展开更多
基金Supported by Nationai Natural Science Foundation of China （61074085）, Beijing Natural Science Foundation （4122029, 4142035）, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （F_RF-SD-12-008B, FRF-AS- 11-004B）
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61070220)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1408085MKL79)
文摘In recent decades,many software reliability growth models（SRGMs） have been proposed for the engineers and testers in measuring the software reliability precisely.Most of them is established based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）,and it is proved that the prediction accuracy of such models could be improved by adding the describing of characterization of testing effort.However,some research work indicates that the fault detection rate（FDR） is another key factor affects final software quality.Most early NHPPbased models deal with the FDR as constant or piecewise function,which does not fit the different testing stages well.Thus,this paper first incorporates a multivariate function of FDR,which is bathtub-shaped,into the NHPP-based SRGMs considering testing effort in order to further improve performance.A new model framework is proposed,and a stepwise method is used to apply the framework with real data sets to find the optimal model.Experimental studies show that the obtained new model can provide better performance of fitting and prediction compared with other traditional SRGMs.
基金Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation (95-07-0425).
文摘The geometry of the Qianning-Kangding segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone is quite complex, and it is composed of four secondary-faults, i.e., the Yalahe fault, Selaha-Kangding fault, Zeduotang fault and Moxi fault. On this segment, three strong earthquakes with M(7.0 occurred in 1725, 1786 and 1955, respectively. Based on a study of fault landform and geochronology (14C and Thermoluminesense), this paper documents the average horizontal slip rates during the late-Quaternary on all the secondary-faults of the Qianning-Kangding segment as follows: Yalahe fault: (2.0(0.2) mm/a; Selaha-Kangding fault: (5.5(0.6) mm/a; Zeduotang fault: (3.6(0.3) mm/a; Moxi fault: (9.9(0.6) mm/a. The results from the investigation of surface ruptures of historical earthquakes, coseismic-slip and paleo-earthquakes show that the strong-earthquake recurrence intervals are thousands of years on the Yalahe fault, and 230 to 350 years on the Selaha-Kangding and Zeduotang faults. In the next one hundred years, the recurrence of a strong-earthquake on these faults appears impossible. However, the strong-earthquake recurrence interval on the Moxi fault is about 300 years. Up to now, it has been 214 years since the last earthquake (magnitude 7) occurred in 1786, therefore, this fault is now approaching the condition favorable for the next strong earthquake recurrence.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China (60374021)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Y2002G05)the Youth Scientists Foundation of Shandong Province (03BS091, 05BS01007) and Education Ministry Foundation of P. R. China (20050422036)
文摘This paper focuses on the fast rate fault detection filter (FDF) problem for a class of multirate sampled-data (MSD) systems. A lifting technique is used to convert such an MSD system into a linear time-invariant discrete-time one and an unknown input observer (UIO) is considered as FDF to generate residual. The design of FDF is formulated as an H∞ optimization problem and a solvable condition as well as an optimal solution are derived. The causality of the residual generator can be guaranteed so that the fast rate residual can be implemented via inverse lifting. A numerical example is included to demonstrate the feasibility of the obtained results.
文摘Located on the western of Sichuan, the east border of Tibet plateau, Xianshuihe fault is a significant strong earthquake zone. From Huiyuansi pull\|apart basin in Qianning, Xianshuihe fault can be divided two segments\|NW section and SE section: the construction of the former is single and a main fault; the construction of the latter is complex and composed by three parallel faults, its main fault is named as Selaha—Kangding fault, which distributes along Jinlongsi, Sehala, Mugecuo and Kangding. Yalahe fault, located at the NE direction of the main fault, and Zeduotang fault, located at the SW direction of the main fault, are all secondary faults, which are 9～13km away from the main fault. At the south of Kangding, the segment of Xianshuihe fault is a single main section, called as Moxi fault. On the basis of recent researching results, this paper mainly discusses the slip rate and recurrence interval of strong earthquake of the SE segment (Qianning—Kangding) on Xianshuihe.
文摘Jiali fault is one of the major faults in southeastern Tibetan plateau. From Naqu to Jiali along which the field investigation has been done, the fault roughly extends in N60W direction and consists of three segments arranged in en echelon. From Luoermano to Esukongma (about 40km) where the fault is the northern boundary of the Sangdi basin that extend north\|south, late Quaternary surface ruptures have been found. Within this segment the creeks and gullies that cross the fault were offset and the displacements range from several meters to about 5km. The average slip rate during late Quaternary is about 10mm/a for this segment. An interesting phenomena is that the large displacement can only be found at those places where the fault is related to the basins that extend north\|south. Outside the basins, no convincing evidence has been found for late Quaternary surface ruptures and average slip rate for the whole fault is only about 3mm/a middle Pleistocene. It seems that these strike\|slip faults behave like a transform fault and the strike\|slip motion along them were a consequence of east\|west extension that creates the north\|south graben systems rather than the vice versa.
文摘预测与健康管理(prognostics and health management,PHM)指标是否科学将直接影响PHM的设计效果,进而影响装备的可用性。针对实践中缺乏理论性与可实现性强的PHM指标论证方法,提出从装备综合效能指标到PHM综合指标、再到PHM能力指标的分级论证方法。选取可用度作为装备综合效能指标,定义了健康状态评估率并将其作为PHM综合指标,推导出可用度与健康状态评估率的关系式,以可用度最大化为目标求解出健康状态评估率指标。证明了健康状态评估率等于故障覆盖率与评估准确度的乘积,二者分别取决于感知单元的数量和诊断预测方法的准确性,这对开展PHM设计有指导意义。通过案例检验了上述方法的有效性和实用性。
