To solve the problem of target damage assessment when fragments attack target under uncertain projectile and target intersection in an air defense intercept,this paper proposes a method for calculating target damage p...To solve the problem of target damage assessment when fragments attack target under uncertain projectile and target intersection in an air defense intercept,this paper proposes a method for calculating target damage probability leveraging spatio-temporal finite multilayer fragments distribution and the target damage assessment algorithm based on cloud model theory.Drawing on the spatial dispersion characteristics of fragments of projectile proximity explosion,we divide into a finite number of fragments distribution planes based on the time series in space,set up a fragment layer dispersion model grounded in the time series and intersection criterion for determining the effective penetration of each layer of fragments into the target.Building on the precondition that the multilayer fragments of the time series effectively assail the target,we also establish the damage criterion of the perforation and penetration damage and deduce the damage probability calculation model.Taking the damage probability of the fragment layer in the spatio-temporal sequence to the target as the input state variable,we introduce cloud model theory to research the target damage assessment method.Combining the equivalent simulation experiment,the scientific and rational nature of the proposed method were validated through quantitative calculations and comparative analysis.展开更多
The characteristics of the confrontation between fighters and air-defense systems on ship are analyzed. The approach of simulating operations of both sides is presented based on the combination of random-factor effect...The characteristics of the confrontation between fighters and air-defense systems on ship are analyzed. The approach of simulating operations of both sides is presented based on the combination of random-factor effectiveness simulation models and deterministic models. Two basic indices are proposed to indicate task effectiveness （i. e. the survival probability of the fighter team and the specified effect of damage on the fleet） and relative algo- rithms. To verify the approach, the situation that a fighter team attacks a collective defense fleet is exemplified and the task effectiveness of this case is also calculated. The method for evaluating task effectiveness on anti-ship attack can be applied in aircraft design and tactical research.展开更多
目的探讨司美格鲁肽对老年糖尿病患者心脏的保护作用。方法回顾性收集郑州大学第一附属医院2022年2月至2023年2月收治的95例老年糖尿病患者临床资料,其中采用二甲双胍治疗的患者50例,采用二甲双胍联合司美格鲁肽治疗的患者45例,依据性...目的探讨司美格鲁肽对老年糖尿病患者心脏的保护作用。方法回顾性收集郑州大学第一附属医院2022年2月至2023年2月收治的95例老年糖尿病患者临床资料,其中采用二甲双胍治疗的患者50例,采用二甲双胍联合司美格鲁肽治疗的患者45例,依据性别、年龄等因素进行倾向性得分匹配,对照组和观察组各43例入组。比较两组血糖指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)]、胰岛素指标[空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)]、心功能指标[左室射血分数(LVEF)、每搏输出量(SV)]及血管内皮功能[内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)],并统计两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果治疗4个月时,观察组FBG、2 h PG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平更低,且LEVF、SV水平更高(P<0.05);治疗4个月时,观察组ET水平更低,NO水平更高(P<0.05);两组治疗期间不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用司美格鲁肽治疗老年糖尿病患者可改善血糖及胰岛素抵抗,同时可通过改善心功能及血管内皮功能发挥心脏保护作用,且不会增加不良反应。展开更多
Low-electrode capacitive deionization(FCDI)is an emerging desalination technology with great potential for removal and/or recycling ions from a range of waters.However,it still suffers from inefficient charge transfer...Low-electrode capacitive deionization(FCDI)is an emerging desalination technology with great potential for removal and/or recycling ions from a range of waters.However,it still suffers from inefficient charge transfer and ion transport kinetics due to weak turbulence and low electric intensity in flow electrodes,both restricted by the current collectors.Herein,a new tip-array current collector(designated as T-CC)was developed to replace the conventional planar current collectors,which intensifies both the charge transfer and ion transport significantly.The effects of tip arrays on flow and electric fields were studied by both computational simulations and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,which revealed the reduction of ion transport barrier,charge transport barrier and internal resistance.With the voltage increased from 1.0 to 1.5 and 2.0 V,the T-CC-based FCDI system(T-FCDI)exhibited average salt removal rates(ASRR)of 0.18,0.50,and 0.89μmol cm^(-2) min^(-1),respectively,which are 1.82,2.65,and 2.48 folds higher than that of the conventional serpentine current collectors,and 1.48,1.67,and 1.49 folds higher than that of the planar current collectors.Meanwhile,with the solid content in flow electrodes increased from 1 to 5 wt%,the ASRR for T-FCDI increased from 0.29 to 0.50μmol cm^(-2) min^(-1),which are 1.70 and 1.67 folds higher than that of the planar current collectors.Additionally,a salt removal efficiency of 99.89%was achieved with T-FCDI and the charge efficiency remained above 95%after 24 h of operation,thus showing its superior long-term stability.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62073256)the Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department(Grant No.2023-YBGY-342).
文摘To solve the problem of target damage assessment when fragments attack target under uncertain projectile and target intersection in an air defense intercept,this paper proposes a method for calculating target damage probability leveraging spatio-temporal finite multilayer fragments distribution and the target damage assessment algorithm based on cloud model theory.Drawing on the spatial dispersion characteristics of fragments of projectile proximity explosion,we divide into a finite number of fragments distribution planes based on the time series in space,set up a fragment layer dispersion model grounded in the time series and intersection criterion for determining the effective penetration of each layer of fragments into the target.Building on the precondition that the multilayer fragments of the time series effectively assail the target,we also establish the damage criterion of the perforation and penetration damage and deduce the damage probability calculation model.Taking the damage probability of the fragment layer in the spatio-temporal sequence to the target as the input state variable,we introduce cloud model theory to research the target damage assessment method.Combining the equivalent simulation experiment,the scientific and rational nature of the proposed method were validated through quantitative calculations and comparative analysis.
文摘The characteristics of the confrontation between fighters and air-defense systems on ship are analyzed. The approach of simulating operations of both sides is presented based on the combination of random-factor effectiveness simulation models and deterministic models. Two basic indices are proposed to indicate task effectiveness （i. e. the survival probability of the fighter team and the specified effect of damage on the fleet） and relative algo- rithms. To verify the approach, the situation that a fighter team attacks a collective defense fleet is exemplified and the task effectiveness of this case is also calculated. The method for evaluating task effectiveness on anti-ship attack can be applied in aircraft design and tactical research.
文摘目的探讨司美格鲁肽对老年糖尿病患者心脏的保护作用。方法回顾性收集郑州大学第一附属医院2022年2月至2023年2月收治的95例老年糖尿病患者临床资料,其中采用二甲双胍治疗的患者50例,采用二甲双胍联合司美格鲁肽治疗的患者45例,依据性别、年龄等因素进行倾向性得分匹配,对照组和观察组各43例入组。比较两组血糖指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)]、胰岛素指标[空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)]、心功能指标[左室射血分数(LVEF)、每搏输出量(SV)]及血管内皮功能[内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)],并统计两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果治疗4个月时,观察组FBG、2 h PG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平更低,且LEVF、SV水平更高(P<0.05);治疗4个月时,观察组ET水平更低,NO水平更高(P<0.05);两组治疗期间不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用司美格鲁肽治疗老年糖尿病患者可改善血糖及胰岛素抵抗,同时可通过改善心功能及血管内皮功能发挥心脏保护作用,且不会增加不良反应。
基金supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20230808105111022,JCYJ20220818095806013)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(2023A1515012267)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178223)the Royal Society/NSFC cost share program(IEC\NSFC\223372).
文摘Low-electrode capacitive deionization(FCDI)is an emerging desalination technology with great potential for removal and/or recycling ions from a range of waters.However,it still suffers from inefficient charge transfer and ion transport kinetics due to weak turbulence and low electric intensity in flow electrodes,both restricted by the current collectors.Herein,a new tip-array current collector(designated as T-CC)was developed to replace the conventional planar current collectors,which intensifies both the charge transfer and ion transport significantly.The effects of tip arrays on flow and electric fields were studied by both computational simulations and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,which revealed the reduction of ion transport barrier,charge transport barrier and internal resistance.With the voltage increased from 1.0 to 1.5 and 2.0 V,the T-CC-based FCDI system(T-FCDI)exhibited average salt removal rates(ASRR)of 0.18,0.50,and 0.89μmol cm^(-2) min^(-1),respectively,which are 1.82,2.65,and 2.48 folds higher than that of the conventional serpentine current collectors,and 1.48,1.67,and 1.49 folds higher than that of the planar current collectors.Meanwhile,with the solid content in flow electrodes increased from 1 to 5 wt%,the ASRR for T-FCDI increased from 0.29 to 0.50μmol cm^(-2) min^(-1),which are 1.70 and 1.67 folds higher than that of the planar current collectors.Additionally,a salt removal efficiency of 99.89%was achieved with T-FCDI and the charge efficiency remained above 95%after 24 h of operation,thus showing its superior long-term stability.
