This paper analyzed the material flow situation in argo-animal husbandry ecosystem by compartment model. This model was an important mean for investigating the whole structural characteristics in ecosystem. Based on t...This paper analyzed the material flow situation in argo-animal husbandry ecosystem by compartment model. This model was an important mean for investigating the whole structural characteristics in ecosystem. Based on this analysis, characteristics of material cycle and integrity in the system were mastered. As an example of natural conditions in Yonghe Village, Shuangcheng Township, Shuangeheng Municipal, Heilongjang Province, the system of linear differential equations in system was established by extracting each compartment and investigating material flow and stability of this model was proved by Lyapunov linear theory. The result showed that this system could not be interfered by initial value in the state of present, input and output.展开更多
Due to the rapid economic growth and the continuous increase of human,ecosystem disturbances and habitat destructions,the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems in China is rapidly declining.This issue is gradually gai...Due to the rapid economic growth and the continuous increase of human,ecosystem disturbances and habitat destructions,the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems in China is rapidly declining.This issue is gradually gaining the government’s attention as its environmental policy becomes more and more equally-weighed on both“pollution prevention and control”and“ecological conservation”issues while only the former was emphasized in the past.However,some unsolved issues still exist with regard to aquatic biodiversity monitoring and management in China.For example,there are functional overlaps among governmental departments;regional ecological function divisions are not clarified;biodiversity is usually neglected or not emphasized in environmental impact assessment for construction projects;and so on.In our opinion,the following areas should be emphasied:(a)enhancing the cooperation among governmental departments;(b)setting up mechanisms to allow ecological watershed management;(c)establishing the biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration planning for local freshwater ecosystem;(d)clarifying the ecological function divisions;(e)enhancing the biodiversity monitoring and management for freshwater ecosystem in environmental impact assessment studies for industrial construction and rural development projects;(f)establishing a technical regulatory framework for related monitoring and management activities which includes an index system for monitoring and assessment;(g)studying and establishing the related biological criteria for formulating assessment standards;and(h)paying attention to aquatic vegetation,fishes,benthic macro-invertebrates and other key aquatic assemblages.展开更多
This study compared the paddy field ecosystem on developped from basalt area in Jingpo Lake with primary ecosystem by analyzing some indexes such as sunlight, temperature, moisture, biodiversity and energy. The result...This study compared the paddy field ecosystem on developped from basalt area in Jingpo Lake with primary ecosystem by analyzing some indexes such as sunlight, temperature, moisture, biodiversity and energy. The result indicate that the paddy field ecosystem is feasible in improving the environment, energy utility, biodiversity and economy. And also it is a sustainable system, providing theoretical basis and practical reference for the rebuilt of similar system.展开更多
The urban lake ecosystem has the characteristics of long-term,complex and comprehensive in its ecological restoration process because it is related to social and economic activities at multiple levels.Located in Hangz...The urban lake ecosystem has the characteristics of long-term,complex and comprehensive in its ecological restoration process because it is related to social and economic activities at multiple levels.Located in Hangzhou City,China,the West Lake is a national-level scenic spot and a world heritage cultural landscape.It provides key ecosystem services for the city and has a significant impact on the urban ecological environment and the well-being of citizens.The West Lake has undergone an 1800-year governance process in history,realizing the harmonious coexistence with Hangzhou City.Since modern times,due to the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization,the water quality of the West Lake and its freshwater ecosystem have been greatly damaged.Since 2002,Hangzhou City has achieved the overall restoration of the West Lake ecosystem through a series of measures,such as water diversion projects,dredging projects,and the West Lake comprehensive protection project,and the water environment and lakeshore landscape have been greatly improved.This study analyzed the restoration technology of the West Lake ecosystem from two scales of the watershed and the site and discussed the water ecological governance system of the West Lake in the past 20 years.Through thedata analyses of the West Lake land use,vegetation,TP,TN,NH_(3)-N,COD_(Mn) and other multi-environmental factors,the results showed that the water quality,transparency and eutrophication of the West Lake had been greatly improved.At the same time,the application of large-scale restoration methods and technologies also required long-term observation,and attention should be paid to the proliferation of alien species and the loss of heritage value,so as to further avoid potential ecological risks caused by ecological restoration.展开更多
自然资本是人类社会经济可持续发展的基础,其内涵包括作为存量的土地、水等有形自然资源和作为流量的生态产品和系统服务。生态环境导向的开发(Ecologically Oriented Development,EOD)和特定地域单元生态产品价值(Value of Ecosystem P...自然资本是人类社会经济可持续发展的基础,其内涵包括作为存量的土地、水等有形自然资源和作为流量的生态产品和系统服务。生态环境导向的开发(Ecologically Oriented Development,EOD)和特定地域单元生态产品价值(Value of Ecosystem Product in specific geographic units,VEP)是面向自然资本全周期治理的制度创新,旨在通过统筹存量保护与流量利用,实现区域生态、社会、经济的协同发展。国际上主要发达国家的类EOD开发模式在亲市场的制度条件下,在产业关联模式和组织模式方面呈现出显著的自主性、创新性和多元性特征。当前,我国的EOD和VEP实践产生了大量经验,也暴露了很多问题,但已有研究太过碎片化,不足以系统辨识存在的问题并支撑有效的决策。在重新审视EOD和VEP概念及其理论逻辑的基础上,结合对国内外10个典型EOD案例的结构化分析,辨识当前进一步推进EOD开发模式面临的制度、机制方面的问题,包括缺乏支撑有效项目策划和实施的数字认证基建、制度化的评估反馈机制、多样化的治理模式等。本研究在自然资本治理的语境下,探讨了EOD和VEP的作用机理以及两者的融通点,既丰富了自然资本的理论研究,又进一步支撑了战略决策和管理实践。展开更多
文摘This paper analyzed the material flow situation in argo-animal husbandry ecosystem by compartment model. This model was an important mean for investigating the whole structural characteristics in ecosystem. Based on this analysis, characteristics of material cycle and integrity in the system were mastered. As an example of natural conditions in Yonghe Village, Shuangcheng Township, Shuangeheng Municipal, Heilongjang Province, the system of linear differential equations in system was established by extracting each compartment and investigating material flow and stability of this model was proved by Lyapunov linear theory. The result showed that this system could not be interfered by initial value in the state of present, input and output.
文摘Due to the rapid economic growth and the continuous increase of human,ecosystem disturbances and habitat destructions,the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems in China is rapidly declining.This issue is gradually gaining the government’s attention as its environmental policy becomes more and more equally-weighed on both“pollution prevention and control”and“ecological conservation”issues while only the former was emphasized in the past.However,some unsolved issues still exist with regard to aquatic biodiversity monitoring and management in China.For example,there are functional overlaps among governmental departments;regional ecological function divisions are not clarified;biodiversity is usually neglected or not emphasized in environmental impact assessment for construction projects;and so on.In our opinion,the following areas should be emphasied:(a)enhancing the cooperation among governmental departments;(b)setting up mechanisms to allow ecological watershed management;(c)establishing the biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration planning for local freshwater ecosystem;(d)clarifying the ecological function divisions;(e)enhancing the biodiversity monitoring and management for freshwater ecosystem in environmental impact assessment studies for industrial construction and rural development projects;(f)establishing a technical regulatory framework for related monitoring and management activities which includes an index system for monitoring and assessment;(g)studying and establishing the related biological criteria for formulating assessment standards;and(h)paying attention to aquatic vegetation,fishes,benthic macro-invertebrates and other key aquatic assemblages.
文摘This study compared the paddy field ecosystem on developped from basalt area in Jingpo Lake with primary ecosystem by analyzing some indexes such as sunlight, temperature, moisture, biodiversity and energy. The result indicate that the paddy field ecosystem is feasible in improving the environment, energy utility, biodiversity and economy. And also it is a sustainable system, providing theoretical basis and practical reference for the rebuilt of similar system.
基金Supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation Public Welfare Project"Research on the Construction Method of Ecological Building Curtain Wall Based on Biomimetic Technology"(18082087-D)Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(ZSTU)"Research on Optimization of Urban Protected Area Planning System Under the Guidance of Collaborative Governance"(22082150-Y)。
文摘The urban lake ecosystem has the characteristics of long-term,complex and comprehensive in its ecological restoration process because it is related to social and economic activities at multiple levels.Located in Hangzhou City,China,the West Lake is a national-level scenic spot and a world heritage cultural landscape.It provides key ecosystem services for the city and has a significant impact on the urban ecological environment and the well-being of citizens.The West Lake has undergone an 1800-year governance process in history,realizing the harmonious coexistence with Hangzhou City.Since modern times,due to the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization,the water quality of the West Lake and its freshwater ecosystem have been greatly damaged.Since 2002,Hangzhou City has achieved the overall restoration of the West Lake ecosystem through a series of measures,such as water diversion projects,dredging projects,and the West Lake comprehensive protection project,and the water environment and lakeshore landscape have been greatly improved.This study analyzed the restoration technology of the West Lake ecosystem from two scales of the watershed and the site and discussed the water ecological governance system of the West Lake in the past 20 years.Through thedata analyses of the West Lake land use,vegetation,TP,TN,NH_(3)-N,COD_(Mn) and other multi-environmental factors,the results showed that the water quality,transparency and eutrophication of the West Lake had been greatly improved.At the same time,the application of large-scale restoration methods and technologies also required long-term observation,and attention should be paid to the proliferation of alien species and the loss of heritage value,so as to further avoid potential ecological risks caused by ecological restoration.
文摘自然资本是人类社会经济可持续发展的基础,其内涵包括作为存量的土地、水等有形自然资源和作为流量的生态产品和系统服务。生态环境导向的开发(Ecologically Oriented Development,EOD)和特定地域单元生态产品价值(Value of Ecosystem Product in specific geographic units,VEP)是面向自然资本全周期治理的制度创新,旨在通过统筹存量保护与流量利用,实现区域生态、社会、经济的协同发展。国际上主要发达国家的类EOD开发模式在亲市场的制度条件下,在产业关联模式和组织模式方面呈现出显著的自主性、创新性和多元性特征。当前,我国的EOD和VEP实践产生了大量经验,也暴露了很多问题,但已有研究太过碎片化,不足以系统辨识存在的问题并支撑有效的决策。在重新审视EOD和VEP概念及其理论逻辑的基础上,结合对国内外10个典型EOD案例的结构化分析,辨识当前进一步推进EOD开发模式面临的制度、机制方面的问题,包括缺乏支撑有效项目策划和实施的数字认证基建、制度化的评估反馈机制、多样化的治理模式等。本研究在自然资本治理的语境下,探讨了EOD和VEP的作用机理以及两者的融通点,既丰富了自然资本的理论研究,又进一步支撑了战略决策和管理实践。
