With comprehensive considerations of the operational safety and collection efficiency for the tracked miner collecting the seafloor poly-metallic nodules, two new improved mining paths for the miner on the deep seaflo...With comprehensive considerations of the operational safety and collection efficiency for the tracked miner collecting the seafloor poly-metallic nodules, two new improved mining paths for the miner on the deep seafloor were proposed. Compared to the conventional mining path, the design principles and superiorities of the two new paths are that the miner turning with relative long radius should avoid large sinkage and high slip, so as to ensure its operational safety, while the space between its straight-line trajectories before and after the turning is optimum, which is designed as the total width of the miner, and collect nodules as more as possible, so as to ensure its collection efficiency. To realize the new mining paths, theoretical designs and quantitative calculations were carried out to determine the exact positions for the speed controls of the miner during its whole operation process. With the new dynamic model of the miner, and through regulations of the speeds of the left and right tracks of the miner on the exact motion positions according to the theoretical calculations, the two new improved mining paths for the miner on the seafloor were successfully simulated, thus the turning radius of the miner in the simulation is about 21.8 m, while the distance between the straight-line trajectories before and after the turning is about 5.2 m. The dynamic simulation results preliminarily prove the feasibility of these two new mining paths, and further can provide important theoretical guidance and useful technical reference for the practical tracked miner operation and control on the seafloor.展开更多
随着水下目标隐蔽性和机动性的不断提高,仅靠单部被动声呐难以实现有效探测,而分布式融合技术提供了一种策略。针对深海目标探测场景,文章基于被动声呐方程和能量检测法,将“与”(AND)、“或”(OR)、多数投票(K out of N,K/N)和Chair-Va...随着水下目标隐蔽性和机动性的不断提高,仅靠单部被动声呐难以实现有效探测,而分布式融合技术提供了一种策略。针对深海目标探测场景,文章基于被动声呐方程和能量检测法,将“与”(AND)、“或”(OR)、多数投票(K out of N,K/N)和Chair-Varshney(CV)这4类决策级融合策略应用至分布式多节点垂直阵并对其融合探测性能进行了系统的分析与评估。结果表明,AND融合能有效降低系统虚警率,但检测率随节点数增多而显著下降;OR融合能最大程度提升系统检测率,但其虚警性能过于依赖单节点虚警率;K/N融合系统的性能介于AND和OR融合之间,但其检测性能会随各节点距离增大而急剧下降,适用于节点数较多的系统;CV融合作为理论最优融合策略,其检测率和虚警率仅略低于OR融合和ANR融合,且相较K/N融合对远距离目标具有更高的检测概率,但其局限在于需要获得各节点性能参数的先验信息。展开更多
印尼贯穿流连接热带太平洋和印度洋,对区域和全球气候系统至关重要,但在印尼贯穿流的长期变化研究中非常缺乏长时间序列。利用第六次国际耦合模式比较计划历史模拟数据对卷积神经网络深度学习模型进行训练和测试,基于海表面温度反演了...印尼贯穿流连接热带太平洋和印度洋,对区域和全球气候系统至关重要,但在印尼贯穿流的长期变化研究中非常缺乏长时间序列。利用第六次国际耦合模式比较计划历史模拟数据对卷积神经网络深度学习模型进行训练和测试,基于海表面温度反演了印尼贯穿流的体积输运。结果表明,该模型反演的印尼贯穿流可再现其总方差的80%左右。进而结合数据,首次构建了1870~2023年长达154 a的印尼贯穿流流量时间序列。通过与潜标观测数据对比发现,反演结果与国际努沙登拉层化和输运计划(the international Nusantara stratification and transport,INSTANT)、印尼贯穿流监测项目(monitoring Indonesian throughflow,MITF)观测数据的相关系数分别为0.56与0.69,验证了该时间序列的可靠性。使用梯度加权类激活映射(gradient-weighted class activation mapping,Grad-CAM)与注意力机制研究了该模型中影响印尼贯穿流反演技巧的敏感性区域。展开更多
西南极绕极深层水(CircumpolarDeepWater,CDW)是源于南极绕极流的暖水团,也被认为是多特森—盖茨海槽的热源,但对其气候态分布特征了解甚少。本文基于观测分析数据(EN4)、EstimatingtheCirculation&Climate of theOcean(ECCO)和Cope...西南极绕极深层水(CircumpolarDeepWater,CDW)是源于南极绕极流的暖水团,也被认为是多特森—盖茨海槽的热源,但对其气候态分布特征了解甚少。本文基于观测分析数据(EN4)、EstimatingtheCirculation&Climate of theOcean(ECCO)和Copernicus Global (1/12)°Oceanic and Sea Ice(GLORYS12)再分析资料,分析了多特森—盖茨海槽CDW水团夏季(1月)的气候态分布特征。结果表明, CDW上边界深度沿西阿蒙森海海盆纬向断面呈现一定的纬向变化, CDW温度和盐度分别达到1℃和34.7;CDW上边界深度沿多特森—盖茨海槽断面具有一定的变化,相应的CDW温度和盐度分别高于0℃和34.6;对于跨多特森—盖茨海槽断面, CDW温度和盐度存在东西向差异,海槽东侧CDW温度和盐度较高。展开更多
基金Project(DYXM-115-04-02-01) supported by the National Deep-sea Technology Project of Development and Research, ChinaProject(2011QNZT058) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, ChinaProject(51105386) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘With comprehensive considerations of the operational safety and collection efficiency for the tracked miner collecting the seafloor poly-metallic nodules, two new improved mining paths for the miner on the deep seafloor were proposed. Compared to the conventional mining path, the design principles and superiorities of the two new paths are that the miner turning with relative long radius should avoid large sinkage and high slip, so as to ensure its operational safety, while the space between its straight-line trajectories before and after the turning is optimum, which is designed as the total width of the miner, and collect nodules as more as possible, so as to ensure its collection efficiency. To realize the new mining paths, theoretical designs and quantitative calculations were carried out to determine the exact positions for the speed controls of the miner during its whole operation process. With the new dynamic model of the miner, and through regulations of the speeds of the left and right tracks of the miner on the exact motion positions according to the theoretical calculations, the two new improved mining paths for the miner on the seafloor were successfully simulated, thus the turning radius of the miner in the simulation is about 21.8 m, while the distance between the straight-line trajectories before and after the turning is about 5.2 m. The dynamic simulation results preliminarily prove the feasibility of these two new mining paths, and further can provide important theoretical guidance and useful technical reference for the practical tracked miner operation and control on the seafloor.
文摘随着水下目标隐蔽性和机动性的不断提高,仅靠单部被动声呐难以实现有效探测,而分布式融合技术提供了一种策略。针对深海目标探测场景,文章基于被动声呐方程和能量检测法,将“与”(AND)、“或”(OR)、多数投票(K out of N,K/N)和Chair-Varshney(CV)这4类决策级融合策略应用至分布式多节点垂直阵并对其融合探测性能进行了系统的分析与评估。结果表明,AND融合能有效降低系统虚警率,但检测率随节点数增多而显著下降;OR融合能最大程度提升系统检测率,但其虚警性能过于依赖单节点虚警率;K/N融合系统的性能介于AND和OR融合之间,但其检测性能会随各节点距离增大而急剧下降,适用于节点数较多的系统;CV融合作为理论最优融合策略,其检测率和虚警率仅略低于OR融合和ANR融合,且相较K/N融合对远距离目标具有更高的检测概率,但其局限在于需要获得各节点性能参数的先验信息。
文摘印尼贯穿流连接热带太平洋和印度洋,对区域和全球气候系统至关重要,但在印尼贯穿流的长期变化研究中非常缺乏长时间序列。利用第六次国际耦合模式比较计划历史模拟数据对卷积神经网络深度学习模型进行训练和测试,基于海表面温度反演了印尼贯穿流的体积输运。结果表明,该模型反演的印尼贯穿流可再现其总方差的80%左右。进而结合数据,首次构建了1870~2023年长达154 a的印尼贯穿流流量时间序列。通过与潜标观测数据对比发现,反演结果与国际努沙登拉层化和输运计划(the international Nusantara stratification and transport,INSTANT)、印尼贯穿流监测项目(monitoring Indonesian throughflow,MITF)观测数据的相关系数分别为0.56与0.69,验证了该时间序列的可靠性。使用梯度加权类激活映射(gradient-weighted class activation mapping,Grad-CAM)与注意力机制研究了该模型中影响印尼贯穿流反演技巧的敏感性区域。
文摘西南极绕极深层水(CircumpolarDeepWater,CDW)是源于南极绕极流的暖水团,也被认为是多特森—盖茨海槽的热源,但对其气候态分布特征了解甚少。本文基于观测分析数据(EN4)、EstimatingtheCirculation&Climate of theOcean(ECCO)和Copernicus Global (1/12)°Oceanic and Sea Ice(GLORYS12)再分析资料,分析了多特森—盖茨海槽CDW水团夏季(1月)的气候态分布特征。结果表明, CDW上边界深度沿西阿蒙森海海盆纬向断面呈现一定的纬向变化, CDW温度和盐度分别达到1℃和34.7;CDW上边界深度沿多特森—盖茨海槽断面具有一定的变化,相应的CDW温度和盐度分别高于0℃和34.6;对于跨多特森—盖茨海槽断面, CDW温度和盐度存在东西向差异,海槽东侧CDW温度和盐度较高。
