The sea cucumber is a highly esteemed source of nourishment,recognized as one of the“Eight Treasures of the Sea.”The bioactive compounds derived from sea cucumbers exhibit diverse physiological activities,including ...The sea cucumber is a highly esteemed source of nourishment,recognized as one of the“Eight Treasures of the Sea.”The bioactive compounds derived from sea cucumbers exhibit diverse physiological activities,including anti-tumor,antioxidant,anti-coagulation,anti-viral,anti-fatigue,immune enhancement,cognitive improvement,and metabolic regulation.Notably,within the skincare sector,these compounds demonstrate significant anti-aging,moisturizing,whitening,wrinkle reduction,repair and inhibition of melanin production properties.This article assesses the current state of sea cucumber aquaculture in China and the utilization of its bioactive ingredients in skincare formulations.The objective is to furnish additional raw materials and semi-finished products for China’s skincare and pharmaceutical industries,to advance the integration of sea cucumber bioactive components within these sectors,and to invigorate the rapid development of the tropical sea cucumber breeding industry.展开更多
To assess the risks of forchlorfenuron after application, a residue analysis method for ferchlorfenuron in cucumbers and the red soil of Southern China was established, and the dissipation behavior and residue charact...To assess the risks of forchlorfenuron after application, a residue analysis method for ferchlorfenuron in cucumbers and the red soil of Southern China was established, and the dissipation behavior and residue characteristics of forchlorfenuron were studied under field conditions. The field trials, including dissipation and residue experiments, were conducted in Hunan, Yunnan and Hainan Provinces. Forchlorfenuron was applied at 32 a.i.g ha^-1 rate for the dissipation study and both 21 and 32 a.i.g ha^-1 for the residue study. Representative cucumbers and soil samples were collected at predetermined intervals for HPLC for UV- detector analysis. The average recoveries of the method were 80.8%-92.0% with coefficients variation （CV） between 0.4% and 11.8%. The detection limit of forchlorfenuron in cucumbers and soil samples was 0.003 mg·kg^-1 and the minimum detectable amount was 3.0× 10^-10 g. The half life of forchlorfenuron in cucumbers in the three provinces changed as： Yunnan （5.50 days）, Hunan （5.88 days）, and Hainan （6.53 days） and in the soil was observed： Hainan （6.54 days）, Hunan （7.64 days）, and Yunnan （8.39 days）. The maximum terminal residue in cucumbers at 32 a.i.g ha^-1 rate after 5 days was 0.009 mg·kg^-1 （Yunnan） followed by 0.0085 mg·kg^-1 （Hainan） and 0.0082 mg·kg^-1（Hunan） which was below MRL value of 0.01 mg·kg^-1 established by the USA, EPA. So a waiting period of 5 days should be established after spaying on cucumbers to avoid hazard to human beings.展开更多
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum （Owen） is one of the most devastating diseases in cucumber production worldwide. Recent progresses in the mechanism of resistance to Fusarium wilt in cucu...Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum （Owen） is one of the most devastating diseases in cucumber production worldwide. Recent progresses in the mechanism of resistance to Fusarium wilt in cucumber were reviewed in this paper, including pathogenic mechanism of Fusarium oxysporum, the resistance mechanism of cucumber, the heredity of resistance, and the location of resistance genes. Following works should be the location and cloning of resistance genes with molecular biologic methods.展开更多
Different pumpkin rootstocks were used to study the effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruit quality of greenhouse cucumber in early spring. The results showed that the grafted cucumber could significan...Different pumpkin rootstocks were used to study the effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruit quality of greenhouse cucumber in early spring. The results showed that the grafted cucumber could significantly improve the production, and different rootstock had a certain effect on the survival rate and fruit quality. Jinhuanghou and Fengyijiajiewang as rootstock had the highest survival rate, which were 79.0% and 70.7%, respectively. As rootstocks of greenhouse cucumber, Jinhuanghou, Lvzhoujuxing, Fengyi, Huofenghuang, and Dawei No.17 were better than others according to taste, and Heizinangua, Jinhuanghou, Fengyi, Huofenghuang, and Dawei No. 17 were better according to output.展开更多
Propamocarb （PM） residue in cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） receives little attention. As is well known to all, high PM residue of cucumber could lead to increase in the violation rates of maximum residue limits and...Propamocarb （PM） residue in cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） receives little attention. As is well known to all, high PM residue of cucumber could lead to increase in the violation rates of maximum residue limits and ultimately cause harm to human health. Knowledge of PM residue could help cucumber breeders in developing cultivars with low PM residue and improving cucumber quality. In this study, 32 representative cucumber accessions （26 breeding lines and six cultivars） from different regions of China were evaluated for their PM residue in fruit and leaf to provide meaning to the subjective rating, which was highly correlated with PM residual content of fruit （r=0.97） and leaf （r=0.94）. In addition, PM residual content of North China ecotype was the highest and Pickling ecotype was the lowest in fruit and leaf of cucumber. The leaf had significantly higher （P〈0.01） PM residual content than the fruit, and poor correlation between leaf and fruit was represented. This study verified PM residual relationship between fruit and leaf, and laid the foundation for further identification of germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties for low PM residue of cucumber.展开更多
Bent varieties and straight varieties were made as parents for the genetic analysis to investigate cucumber bending genetic mechanism. The results showed that the bent characters of the cucumber fruit （BCCF） were qu...Bent varieties and straight varieties were made as parents for the genetic analysis to investigate cucumber bending genetic mechanism. The results showed that the bent characters of the cucumber fruit （BCCF） were quantitative inheritance controlled by multiple genes and major genes. The additive effect played the main role and the dominance effect played the lesser role. Compared with the additive environmental variance, the dominant-environmental variance was more important and the cucumber fruit was more easily affected by the additive effect. The broad heritability and the narrow heritability of BCCF were both higher. The varieties of D0455 and D07299 could be used as parents which were benefit for improving the straight characters of the cucumber fruit展开更多
Pepper, celery, eggplant and tomato were used as preceding crops to study their effects on the yield, soil microorganism quantity and soil enzyme activities of cucumber. Results showed that four preceding crops all in...Pepper, celery, eggplant and tomato were used as preceding crops to study their effects on the yield, soil microorganism quantity and soil enzyme activities of cucumber. Results showed that four preceding crops all increased soil microorganism quantity in cucumber, but decreased population of Fusarium oxysporum. The effect of pepper was more significant than that of the others Populations of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomyces of pepper treatment were significantly higher than those of the other treatments, except that the populations of fungi had no significant difference with celery and eggplant treatments on 50 days after transplanting, while that of Fusarium oxysporum was fewer than that of the other treatments. The soil microorganism quantity in celery and eggplant treatment was more significant than tomato, but lower population of Fusarium oxysporum. Four preceding crops all increased sol enzyme activities, lnvertase and urease activities of pepper treatment were significantly higher than those of the other treatments, catalase activities of pepper, celery and eggplant treatments were significantly higher than those of tomato and the control treatments All preceding crops remarkably increased cucumber yield, with pepper as the highest. Comparing with the control, cucumber yields of pepper, celery and eggplant treatments increased by 24.9%, 13.6% and 11.9%, respectively. Results suggested that four preceding crops all improved soil microbial ecology and increased cucumber yield. The pepper was the most suitable preceding crop, then followed by celery and eggplant. Tomato had the similar effect as the control.展开更多
To introduce CMV resistance to susceptible variety, interspecific grafting between d45-6 (Capsicum annuum) and LS1205 (C. baccatum) was conducted. The graft-progenies, G1 and G1S1 were obtained. Mechanical inoculation...To introduce CMV resistance to susceptible variety, interspecific grafting between d45-6 (Capsicum annuum) and LS1205 (C. baccatum) was conducted. The graft-progenies, G1 and G1S1 were obtained. Mechanical inoculation with CMV showed that disease index of G1 and G1S1 were significantly decreased, similar to that of the resistant stock. ELISA serological test indicated that resistance of LS1205 and the graft-progenies to CMV was caused by inhibition of virul replication. Further, peroxidase isozymatic analysis revealed that zymotypes of G1 were a summation of those found in the donor plants. This result perfectly fit the theory of gene transformation and reconfirmed the conclusion of mechanism of graft-induced variants.展开更多
In order to realize automatic and accurate grading of cucumber, the first thing is to make sure the high accuracy and integrity in cucumber shape segmentation. As the core processor of this dissertation, DSP TMS320DM6...In order to realize automatic and accurate grading of cucumber, the first thing is to make sure the high accuracy and integrity in cucumber shape segmentation. As the core processor of this dissertation, DSP TMS320DM6437 acquired and processed digital image, it solved the common shadowing problem associated with the natural light. Ultimately, the background subtraction was proposed. Compared with the result of above-mentioned image data processing, the error rate of classic background subtraction method was often high. The result of optimization showed that the improved background subtraction method worked well, and it could meet an accurate segmentation of the fruit in comparison with the original methods.展开更多
Dwarfism is one of the most important traits in crop breeding. In this study, a dwarf cucumber D0462 and a vine NA129 were taken as experimental materials. The metabolism of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） and superoxide a...Dwarfism is one of the most important traits in crop breeding. In this study, a dwarf cucumber D0462 and a vine NA129 were taken as experimental materials. The metabolism of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） and superoxide anion radical （O2-·, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the levels of endogenous hormones of the two cultivars were compared. In the whole growth period, D0462 maintained higher H2O2 and O2-· levels than NA129. The activities of SOD （superoxide dismutase）, CAT （catalase）, APX （ascorbate peroxidase） and IAAO （indoleacetic acid oxidase） in D0462 were found higher than those in NA129. The contents of gibberellic acid （GA3）, indole-3-acetic acid （IAA）, zeatin riboside （ZR） and jasmonic acid （JA） in intemode were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The intemode ofD0462 remained lower levels of GA3, IAA, and ZR. In contrast, JA level in internode of D0462 was higher than that of NA129. Compared with NA129, the cell mumbers in intemode of D0462 did not change, but cell size evidently decreased. The chloroplasts in mature mesophyll D0462 exhibited swollen filled with starch grains instead of regular oval ones, and thylakoids of chloroplast swelled and became ambiguous.展开更多
AP and VP were measured in cucumbers under water sufficiency and water stress. The results indicated that, the AP would be evoked by electrical impulse, for water-stressed cucumber, its amplitude could reached more th...AP and VP were measured in cucumbers under water sufficiency and water stress. The results indicated that, the AP would be evoked by electrical impulse, for water-stressed cucumber, its amplitude could reached more than 40 mV which was obviously greater than that (about 10-20 mV) of plant under well-watered, and no VP came out. Along with the intensity of light increased, the VP appeared going-up trend, and accompanied by evidently spiking electrical signal, for plant under water stress, the VP increased more clearly, but the change of spiking amplitude of AP (about 3 mV) was rather smaller than that (8-10 mV) of plant under well-watered.展开更多
The Experiment was carried out to study heavy metal pollution effect on cucumber POD isozyme in our experiment.The results showed that:the activities of POD in cucumber seeds increased in low concentration treatment,a...The Experiment was carried out to study heavy metal pollution effect on cucumber POD isozyme in our experiment.The results showed that:the activities of POD in cucumber seeds increased in low concentration treatment,and decreased in high concentration treatment after being treated with heavy metal.The critical band patterns of POD isoenzyme was changed by heavy metal pollution.展开更多
The regulating axillary branch gene was cloned and named as CsCCD7.Using a series bioinformatic computer softwares,database and online programes,CsCCD7 nucleotide sequence and CsCCD7 amino acid sequence were analyzed ...The regulating axillary branch gene was cloned and named as CsCCD7.Using a series bioinformatic computer softwares,database and online programes,CsCCD7 nucleotide sequence and CsCCD7 amino acid sequence were analyzed and CsCCD7 function was predicted.The results showed that CsCCD7 cDNA full length sequence was 2 136 bp,and included a 1 665 bp ORF which encoded a 554 AA protein;there were 32 kinds of cis-acting regulating element in 2 136 bp cDNA sequence;CsCCD7 was an unstable protein（the unstable coefficient：40.77）,including many phosphorylation sites related with CsCCD7 function;CsCCD7 had no transmembrane domain,and its subcellular localization was in chloroplast.CsCCD7 secondary structure contained four conformations including α-helix,β-sheet,β-turn and random coil.CsCCD7 protein had no signal peptide,so was non-secretory protein and hydrophilicity protein（grand average of hydropathicity：-0.401）.Both CsCCD7 secondary and tertiary structure prediction results showed that it was classified as carotenoid oxygenase family.Phylogenetic tree drew by Geneious showed that CsCCD7 was more closely related to AtCCD7 than any other Arabidopsis CCD protein.展开更多
Plant height in cucumber is not only an important trait for breeding,but also one of the model traits suitable for the study of developmental biology.Amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and simple sequence rep...Plant height in cucumber is not only an important trait for breeding,but also one of the model traits suitable for the study of developmental biology.Amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers techniques were applied for the construction of genetic linkage maps in cucumber.To understand the dwarf trait genetic basis in cucumber,the quantitative trait loci(QTL)were identified using F_6 recombinant inbred line populations(RILs)comprising 336 lines from the cross between the two cultivars D0462(the dwarf)and DN129(the vine).In total,six SSR markers and 15 AFLP markers were detected on the five linkage groups covering 152.8 cM with a mean marker interval of 7.28 cM.Only one QTL was found to be linked with plant height and the dwarf trait locus remained in the fourth linkage group.The contributory percentage of the single QTL to plant height was 11.39%.展开更多
At the early stage,the transcriptome sequencing technique was used to detect the differentially expressed gene CsFK111 between vine cucumber and dwarf cucumber D0462.The gene was cloned,and bioinformatics software too...At the early stage,the transcriptome sequencing technique was used to detect the differentially expressed gene CsFK111 between vine cucumber and dwarf cucumber D0462.The gene was cloned,and bioinformatics software tools were used to analyze and predict the gene family and this gene.There were 30 members of the cucumber F-box gene family.The coding region of the cucumber CsFK111 gene was full-length 1314 bp,which encoded 437 amino acids and was predicted to be located in the nucleus.The protein encoded by this gene was a non-transmembrane protein,and the prediction of the secondary structure showed thatβ-lamellar structure and irregular crimp were dominant.A comparison of the phylogenetic tree showed that it was closest to cantaloupe and belonged to the same branch.The results provided a basis for future study on the regulation mechanism of the CsFK111 gene on cucumber dwarfing and also laid a foundation for further study of FBK family proteins.展开更多
1 mL of sporangial suspensions (5 x 10 5spporangia per milliliter) of Pseudoperonospora cubensis was droplet-inoculated on the surface of the second leaf of the plant grown in greenhouse ( inducing inoculatoin), then ...1 mL of sporangial suspensions (5 x 10 5spporangia per milliliter) of Pseudoperonospora cubensis was droplet-inoculated on the surface of the second leaf of the plant grown in greenhouse ( inducing inoculatoin), then the lower surfaces of the third, the forth and the fifth leaves were uniformly sprayed with inoculum of the same fungi (5 x 10 4sporangia per milliliter, about 5 mL per plant) every 3 days interval (challenge inoculation). Plants were moistened at 18- 22 C for 18 h, then kept at room temperature (24 - 28 C) and supplemented with cool-white fluorescent lights. All three challenge leaves were collected after 7 days of challenge to measure the amount of sporulation and area of necrosis. Plants prior inoculated with P. cubensis were protected 38% (based on the area of necrosis) against disaesc caused by subsequent foliar challenge with the pathogen. Protective action was about 12% after 3 days, and maintained this level until 9 days, suddenly reached 34% after 12 days, and came to a maximum after 15 days, then dropped down slowly.展开更多
This paper reports a new transgenic tobacco line NC89 resistant to both tobaccomosaic virus(TMV)and cucumber mosaic virus(CMV).It deals with the details of field experi-ments of the whole process of segregation and se...This paper reports a new transgenic tobacco line NC89 resistant to both tobaccomosaic virus(TMV)and cucumber mosaic virus(CMV).It deals with the details of field experi-ments of the whole process of segregation and selection of the progenies of transgenic plant popu-lation.By using the gene transfer technics,some transgenic plants resistant to mosaic disease froma flue-cured tobacco cultivar NC89 were obtained in green house in 1989.Thereafter,throughfield inoculation and selection from the 2nd and 3rd generations,a homozygous line resistant toboth viruses and with good qualities was bred out.The inheretant stability of the resistance of thenew line was confirmed through the 4th to 6th generations.In 1992,the transgenic resistant linewas planted about 7000 hectares in Henan province.The relative effect of controlling mosaic dis-eases of tobacco was 50—70%.The out-put value increased 30—50% per unit area.This is a newexample of growing a transgenic virus-resistant Plant in large scale in China.展开更多
文摘The sea cucumber is a highly esteemed source of nourishment,recognized as one of the“Eight Treasures of the Sea.”The bioactive compounds derived from sea cucumbers exhibit diverse physiological activities,including anti-tumor,antioxidant,anti-coagulation,anti-viral,anti-fatigue,immune enhancement,cognitive improvement,and metabolic regulation.Notably,within the skincare sector,these compounds demonstrate significant anti-aging,moisturizing,whitening,wrinkle reduction,repair and inhibition of melanin production properties.This article assesses the current state of sea cucumber aquaculture in China and the utilization of its bioactive ingredients in skincare formulations.The objective is to furnish additional raw materials and semi-finished products for China’s skincare and pharmaceutical industries,to advance the integration of sea cucumber bioactive components within these sectors,and to invigorate the rapid development of the tropical sea cucumber breeding industry.
文摘To assess the risks of forchlorfenuron after application, a residue analysis method for ferchlorfenuron in cucumbers and the red soil of Southern China was established, and the dissipation behavior and residue characteristics of forchlorfenuron were studied under field conditions. The field trials, including dissipation and residue experiments, were conducted in Hunan, Yunnan and Hainan Provinces. Forchlorfenuron was applied at 32 a.i.g ha^-1 rate for the dissipation study and both 21 and 32 a.i.g ha^-1 for the residue study. Representative cucumbers and soil samples were collected at predetermined intervals for HPLC for UV- detector analysis. The average recoveries of the method were 80.8%-92.0% with coefficients variation （CV） between 0.4% and 11.8%. The detection limit of forchlorfenuron in cucumbers and soil samples was 0.003 mg·kg^-1 and the minimum detectable amount was 3.0× 10^-10 g. The half life of forchlorfenuron in cucumbers in the three provinces changed as： Yunnan （5.50 days）, Hunan （5.88 days）, and Hainan （6.53 days） and in the soil was observed： Hainan （6.54 days）, Hunan （7.64 days）, and Yunnan （8.39 days）. The maximum terminal residue in cucumbers at 32 a.i.g ha^-1 rate after 5 days was 0.009 mg·kg^-1 （Yunnan） followed by 0.0085 mg·kg^-1 （Hainan） and 0.0082 mg·kg^-1（Hunan） which was below MRL value of 0.01 mg·kg^-1 established by the USA, EPA. So a waiting period of 5 days should be established after spaying on cucumbers to avoid hazard to human beings.
文摘Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum （Owen） is one of the most devastating diseases in cucumber production worldwide. Recent progresses in the mechanism of resistance to Fusarium wilt in cucumber were reviewed in this paper, including pathogenic mechanism of Fusarium oxysporum, the resistance mechanism of cucumber, the heredity of resistance, and the location of resistance genes. Following works should be the location and cloning of resistance genes with molecular biologic methods.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Undergraduation of Northeast Agricultural University (20070206)
文摘Different pumpkin rootstocks were used to study the effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruit quality of greenhouse cucumber in early spring. The results showed that the grafted cucumber could significantly improve the production, and different rootstock had a certain effect on the survival rate and fruit quality. Jinhuanghou and Fengyijiajiewang as rootstock had the highest survival rate, which were 79.0% and 70.7%, respectively. As rootstocks of greenhouse cucumber, Jinhuanghou, Lvzhoujuxing, Fengyi, Huofenghuang, and Dawei No.17 were better than others according to taste, and Heizinangua, Jinhuanghou, Fengyi, Huofenghuang, and Dawei No. 17 were better according to output.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31272158)863 Program of the National Science and Technology of China(2012AA100105)
文摘Propamocarb （PM） residue in cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） receives little attention. As is well known to all, high PM residue of cucumber could lead to increase in the violation rates of maximum residue limits and ultimately cause harm to human health. Knowledge of PM residue could help cucumber breeders in developing cultivars with low PM residue and improving cucumber quality. In this study, 32 representative cucumber accessions （26 breeding lines and six cultivars） from different regions of China were evaluated for their PM residue in fruit and leaf to provide meaning to the subjective rating, which was highly correlated with PM residual content of fruit （r=0.97） and leaf （r=0.94）. In addition, PM residual content of North China ecotype was the highest and Pickling ecotype was the lowest in fruit and leaf of cucumber. The leaf had significantly higher （P〈0.01） PM residual content than the fruit, and poor correlation between leaf and fruit was represented. This study verified PM residual relationship between fruit and leaf, and laid the foundation for further identification of germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties for low PM residue of cucumber.
基金Supported by 863 Projects (2006AA10Z1B9)Heilongjiang Science and Technology Innovation Team Project (2009td07)
文摘Bent varieties and straight varieties were made as parents for the genetic analysis to investigate cucumber bending genetic mechanism. The results showed that the bent characters of the cucumber fruit （BCCF） were quantitative inheritance controlled by multiple genes and major genes. The additive effect played the main role and the dominance effect played the lesser role. Compared with the additive environmental variance, the dominant-environmental variance was more important and the cucumber fruit was more easily affected by the additive effect. The broad heritability and the narrow heritability of BCCF were both higher. The varieties of D0455 and D07299 could be used as parents which were benefit for improving the straight characters of the cucumber fruit
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863Program)(2008BADA6B02)National Quantity Vegetable Industry System
文摘Pepper, celery, eggplant and tomato were used as preceding crops to study their effects on the yield, soil microorganism quantity and soil enzyme activities of cucumber. Results showed that four preceding crops all increased soil microorganism quantity in cucumber, but decreased population of Fusarium oxysporum. The effect of pepper was more significant than that of the others Populations of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomyces of pepper treatment were significantly higher than those of the other treatments, except that the populations of fungi had no significant difference with celery and eggplant treatments on 50 days after transplanting, while that of Fusarium oxysporum was fewer than that of the other treatments. The soil microorganism quantity in celery and eggplant treatment was more significant than tomato, but lower population of Fusarium oxysporum. Four preceding crops all increased sol enzyme activities, lnvertase and urease activities of pepper treatment were significantly higher than those of the other treatments, catalase activities of pepper, celery and eggplant treatments were significantly higher than those of tomato and the control treatments All preceding crops remarkably increased cucumber yield, with pepper as the highest. Comparing with the control, cucumber yields of pepper, celery and eggplant treatments increased by 24.9%, 13.6% and 11.9%, respectively. Results suggested that four preceding crops all improved soil microbial ecology and increased cucumber yield. The pepper was the most suitable preceding crop, then followed by celery and eggplant. Tomato had the similar effect as the control.
文摘To introduce CMV resistance to susceptible variety, interspecific grafting between d45-6 (Capsicum annuum) and LS1205 (C. baccatum) was conducted. The graft-progenies, G1 and G1S1 were obtained. Mechanical inoculation with CMV showed that disease index of G1 and G1S1 were significantly decreased, similar to that of the resistant stock. ELISA serological test indicated that resistance of LS1205 and the graft-progenies to CMV was caused by inhibition of virul replication. Further, peroxidase isozymatic analysis revealed that zymotypes of G1 were a summation of those found in the donor plants. This result perfectly fit the theory of gene transformation and reconfirmed the conclusion of mechanism of graft-induced variants.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Scientific Research Projects(12521038)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(20080430886)
文摘In order to realize automatic and accurate grading of cucumber, the first thing is to make sure the high accuracy and integrity in cucumber shape segmentation. As the core processor of this dissertation, DSP TMS320DM6437 acquired and processed digital image, it solved the common shadowing problem associated with the natural light. Ultimately, the background subtraction was proposed. Compared with the result of above-mentioned image data processing, the error rate of classic background subtraction method was often high. The result of optimization showed that the improved background subtraction method worked well, and it could meet an accurate segmentation of the fruit in comparison with the original methods.
基金Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2012M520701)the Key Laboratory Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(Northeast Region),Ministry of Agriculture(CVB2012-001)
文摘Dwarfism is one of the most important traits in crop breeding. In this study, a dwarf cucumber D0462 and a vine NA129 were taken as experimental materials. The metabolism of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） and superoxide anion radical （O2-·, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the levels of endogenous hormones of the two cultivars were compared. In the whole growth period, D0462 maintained higher H2O2 and O2-· levels than NA129. The activities of SOD （superoxide dismutase）, CAT （catalase）, APX （ascorbate peroxidase） and IAAO （indoleacetic acid oxidase） in D0462 were found higher than those in NA129. The contents of gibberellic acid （GA3）, indole-3-acetic acid （IAA）, zeatin riboside （ZR） and jasmonic acid （JA） in intemode were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The intemode ofD0462 remained lower levels of GA3, IAA, and ZR. In contrast, JA level in internode of D0462 was higher than that of NA129. Compared with NA129, the cell mumbers in intemode of D0462 did not change, but cell size evidently decreased. The chloroplasts in mature mesophyll D0462 exhibited swollen filled with starch grains instead of regular oval ones, and thylakoids of chloroplast swelled and became ambiguous.
基金Doctoral Program Foundation of State Education Ministry ofChina (No.20010183016) Natural Science Foundation of JilinProvince (No.20020657).
文摘AP and VP were measured in cucumbers under water sufficiency and water stress. The results indicated that, the AP would be evoked by electrical impulse, for water-stressed cucumber, its amplitude could reached more than 40 mV which was obviously greater than that (about 10-20 mV) of plant under well-watered, and no VP came out. Along with the intensity of light increased, the VP appeared going-up trend, and accompanied by evidently spiking electrical signal, for plant under water stress, the VP increased more clearly, but the change of spiking amplitude of AP (about 3 mV) was rather smaller than that (8-10 mV) of plant under well-watered.
文摘The Experiment was carried out to study heavy metal pollution effect on cucumber POD isozyme in our experiment.The results showed that:the activities of POD in cucumber seeds increased in low concentration treatment,and decreased in high concentration treatment after being treated with heavy metal.The critical band patterns of POD isoenzyme was changed by heavy metal pollution.
基金Supported by Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (200802240008)National 863 Project (2007AA10Z177)
文摘The regulating axillary branch gene was cloned and named as CsCCD7.Using a series bioinformatic computer softwares,database and online programes,CsCCD7 nucleotide sequence and CsCCD7 amino acid sequence were analyzed and CsCCD7 function was predicted.The results showed that CsCCD7 cDNA full length sequence was 2 136 bp,and included a 1 665 bp ORF which encoded a 554 AA protein;there were 32 kinds of cis-acting regulating element in 2 136 bp cDNA sequence;CsCCD7 was an unstable protein（the unstable coefficient：40.77）,including many phosphorylation sites related with CsCCD7 function;CsCCD7 had no transmembrane domain,and its subcellular localization was in chloroplast.CsCCD7 secondary structure contained four conformations including α-helix,β-sheet,β-turn and random coil.CsCCD7 protein had no signal peptide,so was non-secretory protein and hydrophilicity protein（grand average of hydropathicity：-0.401）.Both CsCCD7 secondary and tertiary structure prediction results showed that it was classified as carotenoid oxygenase family.Phylogenetic tree drew by Geneious showed that CsCCD7 was more closely related to AtCCD7 than any other Arabidopsis CCD protein.
基金Supported by the"Academic Backbone"Project of Northeast Agricultural University(18XG06)Supporting Certificate of Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund(LBH-Q16021)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(LH2019C033)。
文摘Plant height in cucumber is not only an important trait for breeding,but also one of the model traits suitable for the study of developmental biology.Amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers techniques were applied for the construction of genetic linkage maps in cucumber.To understand the dwarf trait genetic basis in cucumber,the quantitative trait loci(QTL)were identified using F_6 recombinant inbred line populations(RILs)comprising 336 lines from the cross between the two cultivars D0462(the dwarf)and DN129(the vine).In total,six SSR markers and 15 AFLP markers were detected on the five linkage groups covering 152.8 cM with a mean marker interval of 7.28 cM.Only one QTL was found to be linked with plant height and the dwarf trait locus remained in the fourth linkage group.The contributory percentage of the single QTL to plant height was 11.39%.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272724)the National Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(LH2019C033)。
文摘At the early stage,the transcriptome sequencing technique was used to detect the differentially expressed gene CsFK111 between vine cucumber and dwarf cucumber D0462.The gene was cloned,and bioinformatics software tools were used to analyze and predict the gene family and this gene.There were 30 members of the cucumber F-box gene family.The coding region of the cucumber CsFK111 gene was full-length 1314 bp,which encoded 437 amino acids and was predicted to be located in the nucleus.The protein encoded by this gene was a non-transmembrane protein,and the prediction of the secondary structure showed thatβ-lamellar structure and irregular crimp were dominant.A comparison of the phylogenetic tree showed that it was closest to cantaloupe and belonged to the same branch.The results provided a basis for future study on the regulation mechanism of the CsFK111 gene on cucumber dwarfing and also laid a foundation for further study of FBK family proteins.
文摘1 mL of sporangial suspensions (5 x 10 5spporangia per milliliter) of Pseudoperonospora cubensis was droplet-inoculated on the surface of the second leaf of the plant grown in greenhouse ( inducing inoculatoin), then the lower surfaces of the third, the forth and the fifth leaves were uniformly sprayed with inoculum of the same fungi (5 x 10 4sporangia per milliliter, about 5 mL per plant) every 3 days interval (challenge inoculation). Plants were moistened at 18- 22 C for 18 h, then kept at room temperature (24 - 28 C) and supplemented with cool-white fluorescent lights. All three challenge leaves were collected after 7 days of challenge to measure the amount of sporulation and area of necrosis. Plants prior inoculated with P. cubensis were protected 38% (based on the area of necrosis) against disaesc caused by subsequent foliar challenge with the pathogen. Protective action was about 12% after 3 days, and maintained this level until 9 days, suddenly reached 34% after 12 days, and came to a maximum after 15 days, then dropped down slowly.
文摘This paper reports a new transgenic tobacco line NC89 resistant to both tobaccomosaic virus(TMV)and cucumber mosaic virus(CMV).It deals with the details of field experi-ments of the whole process of segregation and selection of the progenies of transgenic plant popu-lation.By using the gene transfer technics,some transgenic plants resistant to mosaic disease froma flue-cured tobacco cultivar NC89 were obtained in green house in 1989.Thereafter,throughfield inoculation and selection from the 2nd and 3rd generations,a homozygous line resistant toboth viruses and with good qualities was bred out.The inheretant stability of the resistance of thenew line was confirmed through the 4th to 6th generations.In 1992,the transgenic resistant linewas planted about 7000 hectares in Henan province.The relative effect of controlling mosaic dis-eases of tobacco was 50—70%.The out-put value increased 30—50% per unit area.This is a newexample of growing a transgenic virus-resistant Plant in large scale in China.
