Changes in lysosomal morphology of cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages after stimu1ation by Concanavalin A (Con A) were observed with a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). A series of images were obtained inc...Changes in lysosomal morphology of cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages after stimu1ation by Concanavalin A (Con A) were observed with a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). A series of images were obtained including phase-contrast images, optical sectioning images, 3-dimensional reconstruction images. The changes of lysosomal fluorescence intensity and pH were measured. It was found that macrophage lysosomes were Cllstributed mainly at the periphery of the cells in resting conditions, the lysosomal area containing fluorescence probe became markedly enlarged after stimulation by Con A for 30 min, and the fluorescence intensity in the medium increased about 15 min after suggesting that Con A could induce outflow of the fluorescence probe within the macrophage lysosomes. The lysosomal pH rose from 4. 6 to 5. 7 in 7 min after Con A was added, and maintained at that level hereafter.展开更多
To investigate the relationship between grain sizes, seepage capacity, and oil-displacement efficiency in the Liushagang Formation of the Beibuwan Basin, this study identifies the multistage pore-throat structure as a...To investigate the relationship between grain sizes, seepage capacity, and oil-displacement efficiency in the Liushagang Formation of the Beibuwan Basin, this study identifies the multistage pore-throat structure as a crucial factor through a comparison of oil displacement in microscopic pore-throat experiments. The two-phase flow evaluation method based on the Li-Horne model is utilized to effectively characterize and quantify the seepage characteristics of different reservoirs, closely relating them to the distribution of microscopic pores and throats. It is observed that conglomerate sandstones at different stages exhibit significant heterogeneity and noticeable differences in seepage capacity, highlighting the crucial role played by certain large pore throats in determining seepage capacity and oil displacement efficiency. Furthermore, it was found that the displacement effects of conglomeratic sandstones with strong heterogeneity were inferior to those of conventional homogeneous sandstone, as evidenced by multiple displacement experiments conducted on core samples with varying granularities and flooding systems. Subsequently, core-based experiments on associated gas flooding after water flooding were conducted to address the challenge of achieving satisfactory results in a single displacement mode for reservoirs with significant heterogeneity. The results indicate that the oil recovery rates for associated gas flooding after water flooding increased by 7.3%-16.4% compared with water flooding alone at a gas-oil ratio of approximately 7000 m^(3)/m^(3). Therefore, considering the advantages of gas flooding in terms of seepage capacity, oil exchange ratio, and the potential for two-phase production, gas flooding is recommended as an energy supplement mode for homogeneous reservoirs in the presence of sufficient gas source and appropriate tectonic angle. On the other hand, associated gas flooding after water flooding is suggested to achieve a more favorable development effect compared to a single mode of energy supplementation for strongly heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs.展开更多
目的探讨超声乳化术对年龄相关性白内障患者眼表症状、泪膜稳定性、角膜知觉(corneal perception,CP)及角膜神经损伤修复的影响。方法年龄相关性白内障患者60例(60眼),均为右眼,随机分为A、B组,每组各30例(30眼)。A组采用上方透明角膜...目的探讨超声乳化术对年龄相关性白内障患者眼表症状、泪膜稳定性、角膜知觉(corneal perception,CP)及角膜神经损伤修复的影响。方法年龄相关性白内障患者60例(60眼),均为右眼,随机分为A、B组,每组各30例(30眼)。A组采用上方透明角膜切口行超声乳化白内障吸出联合人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)植入术,B组在颞侧透明角膜切口行超声乳化白内障吸出联合IOL植入术,术前、术后1周、1个月及3个月时行泪膜破裂时间(break up time,BUT)、泪液分泌试验(Schirmer I test,SIT)、角膜知觉计检查和角膜共焦显微镜检查。结果术前两组BUT、泪液分泌量、CP和角膜内皮密度(cornealendothelial density,CED)差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);两组患者术后1周、1个月,BUT、泪液分泌量、CP和CED与术前相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);至术后3个月时两组患者的BUT、泪液分泌量已基本恢复至对照眼水平,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),CP、CED仍存在异常(均为P<0.05)。术后1周、1个月两组间BUT、泪液分泌量及CP差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),CED差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);术后3个月,两组间BUT及泪液分泌量比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),而CP比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2周、1个月,两组前基质层细胞密度比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);中、后基质层细胞密度两组均有减少,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术后3个月,两组各层基质细胞密度差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术后1个月,两组角膜切口均未见完整神经纤维;术后3个月,两组患者角膜上皮下长神经有连接型均减少,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.653,P<0.05),A组角膜基质中形态正常的神经纤维中出现的几率也明显高于B组,两组差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.874,P<0.05)。结论对于年龄相关性白内障,上方切口行超声乳化联合IOL植入术可以改善泪膜情况和角膜知觉,减轻角膜神经损伤,提高患者的视觉质量。展开更多
文摘Changes in lysosomal morphology of cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages after stimu1ation by Concanavalin A (Con A) were observed with a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). A series of images were obtained including phase-contrast images, optical sectioning images, 3-dimensional reconstruction images. The changes of lysosomal fluorescence intensity and pH were measured. It was found that macrophage lysosomes were Cllstributed mainly at the periphery of the cells in resting conditions, the lysosomal area containing fluorescence probe became markedly enlarged after stimulation by Con A for 30 min, and the fluorescence intensity in the medium increased about 15 min after suggesting that Con A could induce outflow of the fluorescence probe within the macrophage lysosomes. The lysosomal pH rose from 4. 6 to 5. 7 in 7 min after Con A was added, and maintained at that level hereafter.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Project(Nos.CNOOC-KJ 135 ZDXM 38 ZJ 01 ZJ,KJGG2021-0505) of CNOOC Co.,Ltd.of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42002171)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020TQ0299,2020M682520)Postdoctoral Innovation Science Foundation of Hubei Province of ChinaScientific Research Project of Zhanjiang Branch of CNOOC(No.ZYKY-2022-ZJ-02)。
文摘To investigate the relationship between grain sizes, seepage capacity, and oil-displacement efficiency in the Liushagang Formation of the Beibuwan Basin, this study identifies the multistage pore-throat structure as a crucial factor through a comparison of oil displacement in microscopic pore-throat experiments. The two-phase flow evaluation method based on the Li-Horne model is utilized to effectively characterize and quantify the seepage characteristics of different reservoirs, closely relating them to the distribution of microscopic pores and throats. It is observed that conglomerate sandstones at different stages exhibit significant heterogeneity and noticeable differences in seepage capacity, highlighting the crucial role played by certain large pore throats in determining seepage capacity and oil displacement efficiency. Furthermore, it was found that the displacement effects of conglomeratic sandstones with strong heterogeneity were inferior to those of conventional homogeneous sandstone, as evidenced by multiple displacement experiments conducted on core samples with varying granularities and flooding systems. Subsequently, core-based experiments on associated gas flooding after water flooding were conducted to address the challenge of achieving satisfactory results in a single displacement mode for reservoirs with significant heterogeneity. The results indicate that the oil recovery rates for associated gas flooding after water flooding increased by 7.3%-16.4% compared with water flooding alone at a gas-oil ratio of approximately 7000 m^(3)/m^(3). Therefore, considering the advantages of gas flooding in terms of seepage capacity, oil exchange ratio, and the potential for two-phase production, gas flooding is recommended as an energy supplement mode for homogeneous reservoirs in the presence of sufficient gas source and appropriate tectonic angle. On the other hand, associated gas flooding after water flooding is suggested to achieve a more favorable development effect compared to a single mode of energy supplementation for strongly heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs.
文摘目的探讨超声乳化术对年龄相关性白内障患者眼表症状、泪膜稳定性、角膜知觉(corneal perception,CP)及角膜神经损伤修复的影响。方法年龄相关性白内障患者60例(60眼),均为右眼,随机分为A、B组,每组各30例(30眼)。A组采用上方透明角膜切口行超声乳化白内障吸出联合人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)植入术,B组在颞侧透明角膜切口行超声乳化白内障吸出联合IOL植入术,术前、术后1周、1个月及3个月时行泪膜破裂时间(break up time,BUT)、泪液分泌试验(Schirmer I test,SIT)、角膜知觉计检查和角膜共焦显微镜检查。结果术前两组BUT、泪液分泌量、CP和角膜内皮密度(cornealendothelial density,CED)差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);两组患者术后1周、1个月,BUT、泪液分泌量、CP和CED与术前相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);至术后3个月时两组患者的BUT、泪液分泌量已基本恢复至对照眼水平,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),CP、CED仍存在异常(均为P<0.05)。术后1周、1个月两组间BUT、泪液分泌量及CP差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),CED差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);术后3个月,两组间BUT及泪液分泌量比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),而CP比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2周、1个月,两组前基质层细胞密度比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);中、后基质层细胞密度两组均有减少,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术后3个月,两组各层基质细胞密度差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术后1个月,两组角膜切口均未见完整神经纤维;术后3个月,两组患者角膜上皮下长神经有连接型均减少,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.653,P<0.05),A组角膜基质中形态正常的神经纤维中出现的几率也明显高于B组,两组差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.874,P<0.05)。结论对于年龄相关性白内障,上方切口行超声乳化联合IOL植入术可以改善泪膜情况和角膜知觉,减轻角膜神经损伤,提高患者的视觉质量。
