The application of multiple UAVs in complicated tasks has been widely explored in recent years.Due to the advantages of flexibility,cheapness and consistence,the performance of heterogeneous multi-UAVs with proper coo...The application of multiple UAVs in complicated tasks has been widely explored in recent years.Due to the advantages of flexibility,cheapness and consistence,the performance of heterogeneous multi-UAVs with proper cooperative task allocation is superior to over the single UAV.Accordingly,several constraints should be satisfied to realize the efficient cooperation,such as special time-window,variant equipment,specified execution sequence.Hence,a proper task allocation in UAVs is the crucial point for the final success.The task allocation problem of the heterogeneous UAVs can be formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem coupled with the UAV dynamics.To this end,a multi-layer encoding strategy and a constraint scheduling method are designed to handle the critical logical and physical constraints.In addition,four optimization objectives:completion time,target reward,UAV damage,and total range,are introduced to evaluate various allocation plans.Subsequently,to efficiently solve the multi-objective optimization problem,an improved multi-objective quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization(IMOQPSO)algorithm is proposed.During this algorithm,a modified solution evaluation method is designed to guide algorithmic evolution;both the convergence and distribution of particles are considered comprehensively;and boundary solutions which may produce some special allocation plans are preserved.Moreover,adaptive parameter control and mixed update mechanism are also introduced in this algorithm.Finally,both the proposed model and algorithm are verified by simulation experiments.展开更多
Teaching evaluation on a WebGIS course is a multi-objective nonlinear high-dimensional NP-hard problem. The index system for the teaching evaluation of a WebGIS course, including teacher- and student-oriented sub-syst...Teaching evaluation on a WebGIS course is a multi-objective nonlinear high-dimensional NP-hard problem. The index system for the teaching evaluation of a WebGIS course, including teacher- and student-oriented sub-systems, is first established and used for questionnaires from 2013 to 2017. The multi-objective nonlinear high-dimensional evaluation model is constructed and then solved via dynamic self-adaptive teaching–learning-based optimization (DSATLBO). DSATLBO is based on teaching–learning-based optimization with five improvements: dynamic nonlinear self-adaptive teaching factor, extracurricular tutorship factor, dynamic self-adaptive learning factor, multi-way learning factor, and non-dominated sorting factor. WebGIS teaching performance is fully evaluated based on questionnaires and DSATLBO. Optimal weights and weighted scores from DSATLBO are compared with those from the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II using the Pareto front, coverage to two sets, and spacing of the non-dominated solution sets to validate the performance of DSATLBO. The results show that DSATLBO can be uniformly distributed along the Pareto front. Therefore, DSATLBO can efficiently and feasibly solve the multi-objective nonlinear high-dimensional teaching evaluation model of a WebGIS course. The proposed teaching evaluation method can help reflecting the quality of all aspects of classroom teaching and guide the professional development of students.展开更多
The condition of weightes non-dictatorship is extended and a comprehensive evaluae method emboding self-determinate which is combined with competitive view optimization principles is built. The basic process includes ...The condition of weightes non-dictatorship is extended and a comprehensive evaluae method emboding self-determinate which is combined with competitive view optimization principles is built. The basic process includes simulating the model of economic man＇s self-benefit bahaviors, taking the place of experts to evaluate, bringing in the model of minimizing the sum of included angles to integrate the information of multiple objects and put the objects in order finally. The method has the advangtages of less dependendence on the subjective information, plenty of information, fair process and simple caculating. Finally, an application example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
以北京市四惠枢纽为研究对象,探索以数据驱动为导向满足乘客需求的枢纽动态导向标识方案评估及优化设计方法。首先,搭建KANO乘客需求模型,通过桌面实验,形成动态导向标识在内容、样式及空间位置上的优化设计方案,与四惠枢纽现有方案形...以北京市四惠枢纽为研究对象,探索以数据驱动为导向满足乘客需求的枢纽动态导向标识方案评估及优化设计方法。首先,搭建KANO乘客需求模型,通过桌面实验,形成动态导向标识在内容、样式及空间位置上的优化设计方案,与四惠枢纽现有方案形成对比。其次,基于寻路理论通过建筑信息建模(building information modeling,BIM)+虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)仿真技术,实现人与枢纽的信息交互,提取新旧导向标识方案作用下乘客寻路过程的特征参数。最后,通过对寻路实验中主客观指标分析可知,被试在新版动态导向标识方案中寻路时间、犯错误点数及迷茫点数显著降低,且新版动态导向标识方案在内容、样式及空间位置上满意度均优于旧版。结果表明:研究搭建BIM+VR的虚拟仿真平台,形成以数据驱动为导向的枢纽动态导向标识方案综合评估及优化设计方法,为枢纽动态导向标识方案设计及合理应用提供技术与理论支撑。展开更多
生态环境修复方案的可行性论证与修复效果评价是生态环境修复工程的重要内容,对生态环境修复工程的设计及建设具有重要指导意义。目的为确定生态环境修复方案可行性和修复的综合效果,以盘石头水库为例,对该水库生态修复方案进行综合评...生态环境修复方案的可行性论证与修复效果评价是生态环境修复工程的重要内容,对生态环境修复工程的设计及建设具有重要指导意义。目的为确定生态环境修复方案可行性和修复的综合效果,以盘石头水库为例,对该水库生态修复方案进行综合评价研究。方法首先,参照OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)模型,构建由生态效益、景观效益、社会效益、维护管理共4个准则层和18个评价子指标组成的盘石头水库生态环境修复方案可行性和修复效果评价体系;其次,通过最优传递矩阵对层次分析法的权重计算进行改进,对构建的评价指标体系进行权重的计算;最后,将改进AHP与模糊综合评价方法相结合,对盘石头水库生态修复方案进行综合评价。结果结果表明,在盘石头水库生态环境修复方案中最重要的准则层指标是生态效益;在选取的18个评价子指标中,物种多样性、观赏价值、改善城市形象和降低灾害这4个指标的权重较大;所评价的鹤壁市盘石头水库生态环境修复方案的修复效果为优,方案可行。结论模糊-改进AHP法为生态环境修复及其方案可行性的评价提供了一种新的、更有效的方法。展开更多
如何兼顾调频效果和经济性,减少或避免系统切机、切负荷是提升高比例新能源电力系统供电可靠性亟需解决的重要问题。为探讨电力系统源-网频率协同控制方法,文章以新能源发电和LCC-HVDC(line commutated converter based high voltage di...如何兼顾调频效果和经济性,减少或避免系统切机、切负荷是提升高比例新能源电力系统供电可靠性亟需解决的重要问题。为探讨电力系统源-网频率协同控制方法,文章以新能源发电和LCC-HVDC(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current)系统为例,分析了源、网两侧主要潜在资源的调频原理和控制策略,提出了各异调频措施的综合效能评估方法,并结合基于典型场景、扰动的参数全局最优和基于实际扰动二次优化的思想,提出了基于调频措施综合效能评估的源-网频率协同控制及参数优化方法。最后,基于某特高压直流送端电网2023年数据和典型新能源场站的频率测试数据,采用PSASP(power system analysis software package)软件平台构建了该区域电网校核后的仿真模型,针对典型昼、夜运行方式进行了所提方法的验证分析。结果表明,论文提出的基于调频措施综合效能评估的源-网频率协同控制及参数优化方法能够在兼顾经济成本的同时,显著提升系统的频率支撑能力。展开更多
The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMM...The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMMCN reliabilities evaluation and multi-objective transmission lines assignment optimization. First, a reliability evaluation with a transmission line assignment (RETLA) algorithm is proposed to calculate the MMMCN reliabilities under the cost constraint for a certain transmission lines configuration. Second, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to find the non-dominated set of the transmission lines assignments based on the reliabilities obtained from the RETLA algorithm. By combining the RETLA and the NSGA-II algorithms together, the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm is proposed to solve the OTLAMR problem. The experiments result show that the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm can provide efficient solutions in a reasonable time, from which the decision makers can choose the best solution based on their preferences and experiences.展开更多
综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)作为能源转型中的重要环节已得到越来越多国家的广泛关注。构建一套匹配中国国情的综合能源系统评价体系和评价方法不仅能够为综合能源系统规划后评价打下基础,以此对规划方案进行优劣排序;...综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)作为能源转型中的重要环节已得到越来越多国家的广泛关注。构建一套匹配中国国情的综合能源系统评价体系和评价方法不仅能够为综合能源系统规划后评价打下基础,以此对规划方案进行优劣排序;还能够提高综合能源系统项目的管理水平,在制定统一、完整的综合能源系统综合评价标准时提供参考。为此,首先结合园区IES基本特征以及运行特性,构建包含经济性、可靠性、环保性以及智能友好性4个方面的综合评价指标体系;然后为解决IES在运行中的不确定性问题,对基于传统云物元模型的综合评价体系提出云熵优化,即考虑不同评价者对模糊性的可接受程度;为解决单一赋权方法可能导致的评价结果过于主观或过于客观的问题,选择基于最小鉴别信息原理将决策实验室法与熵权法相结合的综合赋权法,并采用变权法进一步完善综合评价指标;最后通过算例分析,验证所提综合评价体系的科学正确性。展开更多
基金Project(61801495)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The application of multiple UAVs in complicated tasks has been widely explored in recent years.Due to the advantages of flexibility,cheapness and consistence,the performance of heterogeneous multi-UAVs with proper cooperative task allocation is superior to over the single UAV.Accordingly,several constraints should be satisfied to realize the efficient cooperation,such as special time-window,variant equipment,specified execution sequence.Hence,a proper task allocation in UAVs is the crucial point for the final success.The task allocation problem of the heterogeneous UAVs can be formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem coupled with the UAV dynamics.To this end,a multi-layer encoding strategy and a constraint scheduling method are designed to handle the critical logical and physical constraints.In addition,four optimization objectives:completion time,target reward,UAV damage,and total range,are introduced to evaluate various allocation plans.Subsequently,to efficiently solve the multi-objective optimization problem,an improved multi-objective quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization(IMOQPSO)algorithm is proposed.During this algorithm,a modified solution evaluation method is designed to guide algorithmic evolution;both the convergence and distribution of particles are considered comprehensively;and boundary solutions which may produce some special allocation plans are preserved.Moreover,adaptive parameter control and mixed update mechanism are also introduced in this algorithm.Finally,both the proposed model and algorithm are verified by simulation experiments.
基金Project(41661026)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Fund for the Construction of Western-China First-class Specialty of Ningxia University,China
文摘Teaching evaluation on a WebGIS course is a multi-objective nonlinear high-dimensional NP-hard problem. The index system for the teaching evaluation of a WebGIS course, including teacher- and student-oriented sub-systems, is first established and used for questionnaires from 2013 to 2017. The multi-objective nonlinear high-dimensional evaluation model is constructed and then solved via dynamic self-adaptive teaching–learning-based optimization (DSATLBO). DSATLBO is based on teaching–learning-based optimization with five improvements: dynamic nonlinear self-adaptive teaching factor, extracurricular tutorship factor, dynamic self-adaptive learning factor, multi-way learning factor, and non-dominated sorting factor. WebGIS teaching performance is fully evaluated based on questionnaires and DSATLBO. Optimal weights and weighted scores from DSATLBO are compared with those from the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II using the Pareto front, coverage to two sets, and spacing of the non-dominated solution sets to validate the performance of DSATLBO. The results show that DSATLBO can be uniformly distributed along the Pareto front. Therefore, DSATLBO can efficiently and feasibly solve the multi-objective nonlinear high-dimensional teaching evaluation model of a WebGIS course. The proposed teaching evaluation method can help reflecting the quality of all aspects of classroom teaching and guide the professional development of students.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(70801013)LNSTF for doc-tor(20081020).
文摘The condition of weightes non-dictatorship is extended and a comprehensive evaluae method emboding self-determinate which is combined with competitive view optimization principles is built. The basic process includes simulating the model of economic man＇s self-benefit bahaviors, taking the place of experts to evaluate, bringing in the model of minimizing the sum of included angles to integrate the information of multiple objects and put the objects in order finally. The method has the advangtages of less dependendence on the subjective information, plenty of information, fair process and simple caculating. Finally, an application example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘以北京市四惠枢纽为研究对象,探索以数据驱动为导向满足乘客需求的枢纽动态导向标识方案评估及优化设计方法。首先,搭建KANO乘客需求模型,通过桌面实验,形成动态导向标识在内容、样式及空间位置上的优化设计方案,与四惠枢纽现有方案形成对比。其次,基于寻路理论通过建筑信息建模(building information modeling,BIM)+虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)仿真技术,实现人与枢纽的信息交互,提取新旧导向标识方案作用下乘客寻路过程的特征参数。最后,通过对寻路实验中主客观指标分析可知,被试在新版动态导向标识方案中寻路时间、犯错误点数及迷茫点数显著降低,且新版动态导向标识方案在内容、样式及空间位置上满意度均优于旧版。结果表明:研究搭建BIM+VR的虚拟仿真平台,形成以数据驱动为导向的枢纽动态导向标识方案综合评估及优化设计方法,为枢纽动态导向标识方案设计及合理应用提供技术与理论支撑。
文摘生态环境修复方案的可行性论证与修复效果评价是生态环境修复工程的重要内容,对生态环境修复工程的设计及建设具有重要指导意义。目的为确定生态环境修复方案可行性和修复的综合效果,以盘石头水库为例,对该水库生态修复方案进行综合评价研究。方法首先,参照OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)模型,构建由生态效益、景观效益、社会效益、维护管理共4个准则层和18个评价子指标组成的盘石头水库生态环境修复方案可行性和修复效果评价体系;其次,通过最优传递矩阵对层次分析法的权重计算进行改进,对构建的评价指标体系进行权重的计算;最后,将改进AHP与模糊综合评价方法相结合,对盘石头水库生态修复方案进行综合评价。结果结果表明,在盘石头水库生态环境修复方案中最重要的准则层指标是生态效益;在选取的18个评价子指标中,物种多样性、观赏价值、改善城市形象和降低灾害这4个指标的权重较大;所评价的鹤壁市盘石头水库生态环境修复方案的修复效果为优,方案可行。结论模糊-改进AHP法为生态环境修复及其方案可行性的评价提供了一种新的、更有效的方法。
文摘如何兼顾调频效果和经济性,减少或避免系统切机、切负荷是提升高比例新能源电力系统供电可靠性亟需解决的重要问题。为探讨电力系统源-网频率协同控制方法,文章以新能源发电和LCC-HVDC(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current)系统为例,分析了源、网两侧主要潜在资源的调频原理和控制策略,提出了各异调频措施的综合效能评估方法,并结合基于典型场景、扰动的参数全局最优和基于实际扰动二次优化的思想,提出了基于调频措施综合效能评估的源-网频率协同控制及参数优化方法。最后,基于某特高压直流送端电网2023年数据和典型新能源场站的频率测试数据,采用PSASP(power system analysis software package)软件平台构建了该区域电网校核后的仿真模型,针对典型昼、夜运行方式进行了所提方法的验证分析。结果表明,论文提出的基于调频措施综合效能评估的源-网频率协同控制及参数优化方法能够在兼顾经济成本的同时,显著提升系统的频率支撑能力。
基金Projects(61004074,61134001,21076179)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2009BAG12A08)supported by the National Key Technology Support Program of China+1 种基金Project(2010QNA5001)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of ChinaProjects(2012AA06A404,2006AA04Z184)supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMMCN reliabilities evaluation and multi-objective transmission lines assignment optimization. First, a reliability evaluation with a transmission line assignment (RETLA) algorithm is proposed to calculate the MMMCN reliabilities under the cost constraint for a certain transmission lines configuration. Second, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to find the non-dominated set of the transmission lines assignments based on the reliabilities obtained from the RETLA algorithm. By combining the RETLA and the NSGA-II algorithms together, the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm is proposed to solve the OTLAMR problem. The experiments result show that the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm can provide efficient solutions in a reasonable time, from which the decision makers can choose the best solution based on their preferences and experiences.
文摘综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)作为能源转型中的重要环节已得到越来越多国家的广泛关注。构建一套匹配中国国情的综合能源系统评价体系和评价方法不仅能够为综合能源系统规划后评价打下基础,以此对规划方案进行优劣排序;还能够提高综合能源系统项目的管理水平,在制定统一、完整的综合能源系统综合评价标准时提供参考。为此,首先结合园区IES基本特征以及运行特性,构建包含经济性、可靠性、环保性以及智能友好性4个方面的综合评价指标体系;然后为解决IES在运行中的不确定性问题,对基于传统云物元模型的综合评价体系提出云熵优化,即考虑不同评价者对模糊性的可接受程度;为解决单一赋权方法可能导致的评价结果过于主观或过于客观的问题,选择基于最小鉴别信息原理将决策实验室法与熵权法相结合的综合赋权法,并采用变权法进一步完善综合评价指标;最后通过算例分析,验证所提综合评价体系的科学正确性。
