Selecting 6 heads of new yak strains(the offspring of reciprocal cross of F1 produced by wild yak male mated with domestic yak female)and 6 domestic yaks at 3 and 12 age in months respectively at Datong Yak Farm of Qi...Selecting 6 heads of new yak strains(the offspring of reciprocal cross of F1 produced by wild yak male mated with domestic yak female)and 6 domestic yaks at 3 and 12 age in months respectively at Datong Yak Farm of Qinghai Province. This paper was studied for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat of yak and their adaptability to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The results indicated that it should be of vital importance marker for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat with two type of yaks at 3 and 12 age in months and their regulations of growth and development to adapt to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau,The main morphological indexes of the skin and hair coat of the rearing new yak strain were higher than those of the domestic yaks at the same age in months, or speak precisely, the new yak strain was more powerful adaptable to the alpine cold living environment than that of the domestic yaks. The resvlts above provided scientific basis for the native strain breeding of yak and the new yak strain rearing.展开更多
从生物能学观点看,冷环境下棕色脂肪解偶联蛋白1(uncoupling protein 1,UCP1)解偶联是机体产热和维持体温的重要机制,但成年人棕色脂肪含量极低,因而其产热的意义受到质疑。尽管研究证实运动促进脂肪棕色化,但其受环境温度、性别、训练...从生物能学观点看,冷环境下棕色脂肪解偶联蛋白1(uncoupling protein 1,UCP1)解偶联是机体产热和维持体温的重要机制,但成年人棕色脂肪含量极低,因而其产热的意义受到质疑。尽管研究证实运动促进脂肪棕色化,但其受环境温度、性别、训练水平等诸多因素影响较大,因此研究结果难以一致。研究从热力学角度探讨冷环境的运动适应以及能量转换过程,从分子层面揭示:运动时骨骼肌内的无效循环加快,通过Ca^(2+)跨膜转运、磷酸肌酸穿梭、α-磷酸甘油穿梭等路径,实现Ca^(2+)、磷酸肌酸、还原型辅酶Ⅰ(reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NADH)跨膜转移,底物总量不发生变化,但伴随三磷酸腺苷(ATP)水解和产热。从热力学第一定律(ΔU=Q+W)来看,生物氧化释放的化学能(ΔU)是产热(Q)和肌肉对外做功,即肌肉收缩(W)之和。产热包括解偶联蛋白(uncoupling protein,UCP)解偶联产热和无效循环产热两部分,UCP1是脂肪棕色化和产热的重要标志。从热力学判断,冷环境下运动是否依赖脂肪产热以维持体温,在很大程度上还取决于无效循环的产热以及肌肉对外做功。因此,运动并非总能促进白色脂肪棕色化,甚至不能看作是运动促进健康的标志。展开更多
文摘Selecting 6 heads of new yak strains(the offspring of reciprocal cross of F1 produced by wild yak male mated with domestic yak female)and 6 domestic yaks at 3 and 12 age in months respectively at Datong Yak Farm of Qinghai Province. This paper was studied for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat of yak and their adaptability to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The results indicated that it should be of vital importance marker for the morphological characteristics of the skin and hair coat with two type of yaks at 3 and 12 age in months and their regulations of growth and development to adapt to the cold living environment in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau,The main morphological indexes of the skin and hair coat of the rearing new yak strain were higher than those of the domestic yaks at the same age in months, or speak precisely, the new yak strain was more powerful adaptable to the alpine cold living environment than that of the domestic yaks. The resvlts above provided scientific basis for the native strain breeding of yak and the new yak strain rearing.
