Background:The universal occurrence of randomly distributed dark holes(i.e.,data pits appearing within the tree crown)in LiDAR-derived canopy height models(CHMs)negatively affects the accuracy of extracted forest inve...Background:The universal occurrence of randomly distributed dark holes(i.e.,data pits appearing within the tree crown)in LiDAR-derived canopy height models(CHMs)negatively affects the accuracy of extracted forest inventory parameters.Methods:We develop an algorithm based on cloth simulation for constructing a pit-free CHM.Results:The proposed algorithm effectively fills data pits of various sizes whilst preserving canopy details.Our pitfree CHMs derived from point clouds at different proportions of data pits are remarkably better than those constructed using other algorithms,as evidenced by the lowest average root mean square error(0.4981 m)between the reference CHMs and the constructed pit-free CHMs.Moreover,our pit-free CHMs show the best performance overall in terms of maximum tree height estimation(average bias=0.9674 m).Conclusion:The proposed algorithm can be adopted when working with different quality LiDAR data and shows high potential in forestry applications.展开更多
在CFD平台软件OpenFOAM上,用数值模拟的方法分析了变截面毛细流道中的毛细流动行为。该数值方法利用流体体积比函数(volume of fluid,VOF)来跟踪流体流动前沿界面,再用连续表面张力模型(continue surface force,CSF)来描述毛细驱动力。...在CFD平台软件OpenFOAM上,用数值模拟的方法分析了变截面毛细流道中的毛细流动行为。该数值方法利用流体体积比函数(volume of fluid,VOF)来跟踪流体流动前沿界面,再用连续表面张力模型(continue surface force,CSF)来描述毛细驱动力。VOF和CSF方法的结合使得毛细驱动力的求解能适应截面的变化。分别用该数值方法和解析方法对变间距平行平板间毛细流动进行了分析,发现两者的分析结果一致性较好。基于VOF和CSF的数值方法有望进一步应用于更复杂流场中的毛细流动分析。展开更多
在“三跨”输电线路张力放线施工中,一旦发生事故被牵导线可能跌落冲击下方跨越网,威胁被跨越物的安全稳定运行,因此提出一种基于激光点云与建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术的“三跨”施工跨越网动力学响应分析方...在“三跨”输电线路张力放线施工中,一旦发生事故被牵导线可能跌落冲击下方跨越网,威胁被跨越物的安全稳定运行,因此提出一种基于激光点云与建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术的“三跨”施工跨越网动力学响应分析方法。首先利用机载激光雷达采集“三跨”施工现场的三维点云数据,使用改进的布料模拟滤波算法分割得到跨越地形点云数据,使用基于点云空间维度特征与K-Means算法实现对跨越档两侧杆塔点云数据的高精度提取;其次根据提取的点云数据结合BIM技术对目标设备及施工环境进行逆向建模,通过不同地表物体的组装堆砌,并在其上搭建施工跨越网模型;最后通过模拟事故发生时导线对跨越网的冲击碰撞,探测跨越网的承载性能及其与被跨越物之间的动态净空距离。结果表明,该方法能够提前在实际施工环境中对跨越网的动力学性能进行分析,为输电线路跨越施工提供可靠的安全保障及数据支撑,具有一定的工程价值。展开更多
A series of NiMoO_(4)-nano rod/carbon cloth composite electrodes with different loadings(x)of NiMoO_(4)-NRs was synthesized with a view to implementing an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The NiMoO_(4) nano-...A series of NiMoO_(4)-nano rod/carbon cloth composite electrodes with different loadings(x)of NiMoO_(4)-NRs was synthesized with a view to implementing an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The NiMoO_(4) nano-rods(NRs)were prepared by growing them directly on carbon cloth(CC)via a simple hydrothermal reaction coupled with an annealing treatment.The resulting NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-x composites served directly as electrodes for electrolysis of an alkaline medium and a simulated sea water.The results indicated that among the NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-x composites,the NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-10 composite possessed the highest HER activity with an overpotential of 244.8 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2),a Tafel slope of 95 mV/dec,the fastest charge transfer rate(R_(ct)<1Ω)and good stability in alkaline media.Even in simulated seawater,the NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-10 composite showed good stability.The outstanding HER activity and stability may originate from the strong interaction between Ni and Mo in the NiMoO_(4) NRs as well as the efficient charge transfer process and the rate of the HER due to the synergistic effect involving the CC and NiMoO_(4) NRs.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41671414,41971380 and 41171265)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0501404).
文摘Background:The universal occurrence of randomly distributed dark holes(i.e.,data pits appearing within the tree crown)in LiDAR-derived canopy height models(CHMs)negatively affects the accuracy of extracted forest inventory parameters.Methods:We develop an algorithm based on cloth simulation for constructing a pit-free CHM.Results:The proposed algorithm effectively fills data pits of various sizes whilst preserving canopy details.Our pitfree CHMs derived from point clouds at different proportions of data pits are remarkably better than those constructed using other algorithms,as evidenced by the lowest average root mean square error(0.4981 m)between the reference CHMs and the constructed pit-free CHMs.Moreover,our pit-free CHMs show the best performance overall in terms of maximum tree height estimation(average bias=0.9674 m).Conclusion:The proposed algorithm can be adopted when working with different quality LiDAR data and shows high potential in forestry applications.
文摘在CFD平台软件OpenFOAM上,用数值模拟的方法分析了变截面毛细流道中的毛细流动行为。该数值方法利用流体体积比函数(volume of fluid,VOF)来跟踪流体流动前沿界面,再用连续表面张力模型(continue surface force,CSF)来描述毛细驱动力。VOF和CSF方法的结合使得毛细驱动力的求解能适应截面的变化。分别用该数值方法和解析方法对变间距平行平板间毛细流动进行了分析,发现两者的分析结果一致性较好。基于VOF和CSF的数值方法有望进一步应用于更复杂流场中的毛细流动分析。
文摘在“三跨”输电线路张力放线施工中,一旦发生事故被牵导线可能跌落冲击下方跨越网,威胁被跨越物的安全稳定运行,因此提出一种基于激光点云与建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术的“三跨”施工跨越网动力学响应分析方法。首先利用机载激光雷达采集“三跨”施工现场的三维点云数据,使用改进的布料模拟滤波算法分割得到跨越地形点云数据,使用基于点云空间维度特征与K-Means算法实现对跨越档两侧杆塔点云数据的高精度提取;其次根据提取的点云数据结合BIM技术对目标设备及施工环境进行逆向建模,通过不同地表物体的组装堆砌,并在其上搭建施工跨越网模型;最后通过模拟事故发生时导线对跨越网的冲击碰撞,探测跨越网的承载性能及其与被跨越物之间的动态净空距离。结果表明,该方法能够提前在实际施工环境中对跨越网的动力学性能进行分析,为输电线路跨越施工提供可靠的安全保障及数据支撑,具有一定的工程价值。
文摘A series of NiMoO_(4)-nano rod/carbon cloth composite electrodes with different loadings(x)of NiMoO_(4)-NRs was synthesized with a view to implementing an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The NiMoO_(4) nano-rods(NRs)were prepared by growing them directly on carbon cloth(CC)via a simple hydrothermal reaction coupled with an annealing treatment.The resulting NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-x composites served directly as electrodes for electrolysis of an alkaline medium and a simulated sea water.The results indicated that among the NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-x composites,the NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-10 composite possessed the highest HER activity with an overpotential of 244.8 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2),a Tafel slope of 95 mV/dec,the fastest charge transfer rate(R_(ct)<1Ω)and good stability in alkaline media.Even in simulated seawater,the NiMoO_(4)-NR/CC-10 composite showed good stability.The outstanding HER activity and stability may originate from the strong interaction between Ni and Mo in the NiMoO_(4) NRs as well as the efficient charge transfer process and the rate of the HER due to the synergistic effect involving the CC and NiMoO_(4) NRs.
