In order to investigate the effect of sampling frequency and time on pressure fluctuations, the three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulations were conducted in a circulating water pump. Through comparison of turbul...In order to investigate the effect of sampling frequency and time on pressure fluctuations, the three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulations were conducted in a circulating water pump. Through comparison of turbulence models with hydraulic performance experiment, SST k-co model was confirmed to study the rational determination of sampling frequency and time better. The Fast Fourier Transform （FFT） technology was then adopted to process those fluctuating pressure signals obtained. On these bases, the characteristics of pressure fluctuations acting on the tongue were discussed. It is found that aliasing errors decrease at higher sampling frequency of 17 640 Hz, but not at a lower sampling frequency of 1 764 Hz. Correspondingly, an output frequency range ten-times wider is obtained at 17 640 Hz. Compared with 8R, when the sampling time is shorter, the amplitudes may be overvalued, and the frequencies and amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuations can not be well predicted. The frequencies at the tongue are in good agreement with the values calculated by formula and the frequency compositions less than the blade passing frequency are accurately predicted.展开更多
A comparative study of the influence of elevated temperature on foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash（CFA） was reported. Foam geopoymers were prepared with different amounts of foam agen...A comparative study of the influence of elevated temperature on foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash（CFA） was reported. Foam geopoymers were prepared with different amounts of foam agent and different Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratios of 3.1, 3.4, and 3.8. The mechanical, thermo-physical properties and microstructure of the foam geopolymers before and after exposure to elevated temperature of 800, 1000, and 1200 ℃ were investigated. The specimen with Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 3.8 exhibits the highest compressive strength, better microstructure and dimension stability before and after firing. Carnegeite, nepheline, and zeolite crystalline phases appearing after exposure may contribute to the good post-exposure strength. Low weight foam geopolymer using CFA can increase strength and maintain higher stability as high as 1000 ℃.展开更多
It is critical to combat tumor metastasis by eradicating disseminated tumor cells in any step during the metastasis process.After entering the blood circulation system,tumor cells are in suspension and experience cons...It is critical to combat tumor metastasis by eradicating disseminated tumor cells in any step during the metastasis process.After entering the blood circulation system,tumor cells are in suspension and experience considerable levels of fluid shear stress.However,the influence of hemodynamic shear stress on the survival of CTCs and the underlying mechanotransduction mechanisms remain unclear.This study shows that fluid shear stress can eliminate the majority of CTCs and the viability of suspended tumor cells depends on the stress magnitude,indicating that tumor cells can sense and respond to fluid shear stress.Mechanistically,the expression of Piezo1 but not Piezo2 is greatly upregulated in suspended tumor cells after shear stress treatment.Inhibiting/activating Piezo1 increases/decreases the viability of suspended tumor cells in shear flow,which depends on Piezo1-mediated calcium entry.These findings suggest that Piezo1 may be the major mechanosensor by which suspended tumor cells sense fluid shear stress.As the downstream effector of Piezo1,actomyosin in tumor cells is significantly activated under increasing shear stress.Its activity influences the survival of CTCs in shear flow and rescues the effects of Piezo1 on tumor cell survival,suggesting that hemodynamic shear stress regulates the survival of CTCs through Piezo1 mediated actomyosin activity.Importantly,fluid shear stress considerably up-regulates YAP/TAZ activity of suspended tumor cells and promotes their nuclear translocation in a magnitude-dependent manner.Inhibiting YAP/TAZ enhances the viability of suspended tumor cells in shear stress,while activating their activity decreases tumor cell survival,suggesting that YAP/TAZ activation promotes the apoptosis of suspended tumor cells,which is different from the findings that YAP/TAZ facilitates the survival of adherent cells to shear flow.Further,blocking the nuclear import of YAP/TAZ inactivates the sensation of suspended tumor cells to fluid shear flow and attenuates the dependence of tumor cell survival on different magnitudes of hemodynamic shear stress.The influence of Piezo1-actomyosin pathway on suspended tumor cells can be rescued by YAP/TAZ activity,suggesting that Piezo1-mediated signaling induces tumor cell apoptosis via nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ.In addition,fluid shear stress can also activate the expressions of LATS1/2 and MST1/2 in Hippo pathway through Piezo1,which is known to inhibit YAP/TAZ activity.Silencing/activating LATS1/2 or MST1/2 inhibits/enhances the viability of CTCs under shear stress,the effects of which can be further rescued by YAP/TAZ.These findings suggest that the responses of suspended tumor cells to hemodynamic shear stress are partially mediated by Hippo signaling.After nuclear translocation,YAP/TAZ directly bind p73/PUMA,which further promotes the transcription of pro-apoptotic genes and induces the apoptosis of suspended tumor cells.In summary,these findings show that hemodynamic shear stress considerably influences the survival of CTCs in blood circulation.We have identified the calcium channel Piezo1 as a novel mechanosensor for the response of CTCs to fluid shear stress.Hemodynamic shear stress induces the apoptosis of suspended tumor cells through Piezo1-actomyosin-YAP/TAZ-p73/PUMA signaling,which is different from the mechanotranduction mechanisms for tumor cells in adherent.Therefore,this study has unveiled the novel mechanosensor of suspended CTCs in response to fluid shear stress and the subsequent mechanisms and identified Piezo1 and YAP/TAZ as the potential therapeutic targets,through which CTCs may be effectively eradicated in the vasculature to prohibit tumor metastasis.展开更多
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients worldwide and one of the major challenges in treating cancer.Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis.However,the content...Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients worldwide and one of the major challenges in treating cancer.Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis.However,the content of CTCs in peripheral blood is minimal,so the detection of CTCs in real samples is extremely challenging.Therefore,efficient enrichment and early detection of CTCs are essential to achieve timely diagnosis of diseases.In this work,we constructed an innovative and sensitive single-nanoparticle collision electrochemistry(SNCE)biosensor for the detection of MCF-7 cells(human breast cancer cells)by immunomagnetic separation technique and liposome signal amplification strategy.Liposomes embedded with platinum nanoparticles(Pt NPs)were used as signal probes,and homemade gold ultramicroelectrodes(Au UME)were used as the working electrodes.The effective collision between Pt NPs and UME would produce distinguishable step-type current.MCF-7 cells were accurately quantified according to the relationship between cell concentration and collision frequency(the number of step-type currents generated per unit time),realizing highly sensitive and specific detection of MCF-7 cells.The SNCE biosensor has a linear range of 10 cells·mL^(-1)to 10^(5) cells·mL^(-1)with a detection limit as low as 5 cells·mL^(-1).In addition,the successful detection of MCF-7 cells in complex samples showed that the SNCE biosensors have great potential for patient sample detection.展开更多
The subversive nature of information war lies not only in the information itself, but also in the circulation and application of information. It has always been a challenge to quantitatively analyze the function and e...The subversive nature of information war lies not only in the information itself, but also in the circulation and application of information. It has always been a challenge to quantitatively analyze the function and effect of information flow through command, control, communications, computer, kill, intelligence,surveillance, reconnaissance (C4KISR) system. In this work, we propose a framework of force of information influence and the methods for calculating the force of information influence between C4KISR nodes of sensing, intelligence processing,decision making and fire attack. Specifically, the basic concept of force of information influence between nodes in C4KISR system is formally proposed and its mathematical definition is provided. Then, based on the information entropy theory, the model of force of information influence between C4KISR system nodes is constructed. Finally, the simulation experiments have been performed under an air defense and attack scenario. The experimental results show that, with the proposed force of information influence framework, we can effectively evaluate the contribution of information circulation through different C4KISR system nodes to the corresponding tasks. Our framework of force of information influence can also serve as an effective tool for the design and dynamic reconfiguration of C4KISR system architecture.展开更多
Systematical analysis on factors affecting the cold end system in power plants was conducted.The optimization model was obtained,which regarded the minimum net coal consumption rate as the objectivefunction,used sever...Systematical analysis on factors affecting the cold end system in power plants was conducted.The optimization model was obtained,which regarded the minimum net coal consumption rate as the objectivefunction,used several objective conditions as the variables,such as flow rate and temperature of the circu-lating water,supercooling degree of the condenser,fouling and air leakage in the condenser.Genetic algo-rithm was employed to optimize the multiple factors affecting the cold end system,and the optimizationconditions for the minimum net coal consumption rate and the corresponding parameters were obtained.Comparison indicated that this genetic algorithm not only can optimize the cold end system quickly and ac-curately,but also can compensate the economic efficiency drop that caused by defects of some parametersthrough automatic adjustment of the parameters.展开更多
Abstract:The aim of this research is to design and operate a 10 kW hot chemical-looping gasification(CLG)unit using Fe2O3/Al2O3as an oxygen carrier and saw dust as a fuel.The effect of the operation temperature on gas...Abstract:The aim of this research is to design and operate a 10 kW hot chemical-looping gasification(CLG)unit using Fe2O3/Al2O3as an oxygen carrier and saw dust as a fuel.The effect of the operation temperature on gas composition in the air reactor and the fuel reactor,and the carbon conversion of biomass to CO2and CO in the fuel reactor have been experimentally studied.A total60 h run has been obtained with the same batch of oxygen carrier of iron oxide supported with alumina.The results show that CO and H2concentrations are increased with increasing temperature in the fuel reactor.It is also found that with increasing fuel reactor temperature,both the amount of residual char in the fuel reactor and CO2concentration of the exit gas from the air reactor are degreased.Carbon conversion rate and gasification efficiency are increased by increasing temperature and H2production at 870℃reaches the highest rate.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and BET-surface area tests have been used to characterize fresh and reacted oxygen carrier particles.The results display that the oxygen carrier activity is not declined and the specific surface area of the oxygen carrier particles is not decreased significantly.展开更多
In order to optimize plastic viscosity of 18 mPa·s circulating micro-bubble drilling fluid formula,orthogonal and uniform experimental design methods were applied,and the plastic viscosities of 36 and 24 groups o...In order to optimize plastic viscosity of 18 mPa·s circulating micro-bubble drilling fluid formula,orthogonal and uniform experimental design methods were applied,and the plastic viscosities of 36 and 24 groups of agent were tested,respectively.It is found that these two experimental design methods show drawbacks,that is,the amount of agent is difficult to determine,and the results are not fully optimized.Therefore,multiple regression experimental method was used to design experimental formula.By randomly selecting arbitrary agent with the amount within the recommended range,17 groups of drilling fluid formula were designed,and the plastic viscosity of each experiment formula was measured.Set plastic viscosity as the objective function,through multiple regressions,then quadratic regression model is obtained,whose correlation coefficient meets the requirement.Set target values of plastic viscosity to be 18,20 and 22 mPa·s,respectively,with the trial method,5 drilling fluid formulas are obtained with accuracy of 0.000 3,0.000 1 and 0.000 3.Arbitrarily select target value of each of the two groups under the formula for experimental verification of drilling fluid,then the measurement errors between theoretical and tested plastic viscosity are less than 5%,confirming that regression model can be applied to optimizing the circulating of plastic-foam drilling fluid viscosity.In accordance with the precision of different formulations of drilling fluid for other constraints,the methods result in the optimization of the circulating micro-bubble drilling fluid parameters.展开更多
Endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)are a circulating,bone marrow-derived cell population that participate in both vasculogenesis and vascular homeostasis.Recent studies have shown that EPCs are reduced by^50% in diabet...Endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)are a circulating,bone marrow-derived cell population that participate in both vasculogenesis and vascular homeostasis.Recent studies have shown that EPCs are reduced by^50% in diabetes that correlates inversely with its mortality rate.In addition,EPC angiogenic functions are severely impaired in diabetes.However,the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying EPC dysfunction are poorly understood.Our current studies have focused on in vitro and in展开更多
Background and objective Low-density computed tomography(LDCT)improved early lung cancer diagnosis but introduces an excess of false-positive pulmonary nodules data.Hence,accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer ...Background and objective Low-density computed tomography(LDCT)improved early lung cancer diagnosis but introduces an excess of false-positive pulmonary nodules data.Hence,accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer remains challenging.The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility of using circulating tumour cells(CTCs)to differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules.Materials and methods 122 patients with suspected malignant pulmonary nodules detected on chest CT in preparation for surgery were prospectively recruited.Peripheral blood samples were collected before surgery,and CTCs were identified upon isolation by size of epithelial tumour cells and morphological analysis.Laser capture microdissection,MALBAC amplification,and whole-exome sequencing were performed on 8 samples.The diagnostic efficacy of CTCs counting,and the genomic variation profile of benign and malignant CTCs samples were analysed.Results Using 2.5 cells/5 m L as the cut-off value,the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was of 0.651(95%confidence interval:0.538-0.764),with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.526 and 0.800,respectively,and positive and negative predictive values of 91.1%and 30.3%,respectively.Distinct sequence variations differences in DNA damage repair-related and driver genes were observed in benign and malignant samples.TP53 mutations were identified in CTCs of four malignant cases;in particular,g.7578115T>C,g.7578645C>T,and g.7579472G>C were exclusively detected in all four malignant samples.Conclusion CTCs play an ancillary role in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.TP53 mutations in CTCs might be used to identify benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to investigate predictability of preconception maternal circulating folate and homocysteine concentrations,glycemic and lipid profiles to the risk of congenital heart disease(CHD)in offsprin...Objective This study aimed to investigate predictability of preconception maternal circulating folate and homocysteine concentrations,glycemic and lipid profiles to the risk of congenital heart disease(CHD)in offspring.Methods A cohort of pregnancies was derived from a single hospital where pre-and post-conceptional serum folate,homocysteine,lipids,glycemic profiling and neonatal CHD screening program were facilitated.展开更多
When large-scale circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boilers are working under a 1ow load condition.severe bed pressure swing often occurs and poses a serious threat to boiler stability and safety.Up to now,there are not en...When large-scale circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boilers are working under a 1ow load condition.severe bed pressure swing often occurs and poses a serious threat to boiler stability and safety.Up to now,there are not enough theoretical studies on the bed pressure swing phenomenon.展开更多
基于HYCOM(Hybrid Coordinate Oceanic Circulation Model),以OFES(OGCM for the Earth Simulator)资料为参考,分析了KPP、MY2.5、KT三种不同混合方案对北太平洋西边界流系的模拟结果的影响。结果表明:三种不同混合方案模拟的上层海洋...基于HYCOM(Hybrid Coordinate Oceanic Circulation Model),以OFES(OGCM for the Earth Simulator)资料为参考,分析了KPP、MY2.5、KT三种不同混合方案对北太平洋西边界流系的模拟结果的影响。结果表明:三种不同混合方案模拟的上层海洋平均流场与OFES资料相似,但在流向和流幅上略有差异,其中KPP方案模拟的流速与OFES资料最为接近,MY2.5方案次之,KT方案与其差别最大。通过代表性断面上流速的对比分析,对模式就北赤道流、棉兰老流、棉兰老潜流、黑潮的模拟效果进行比较,KPP方案模拟的效果同前人的观测和研究最为接近。分析了北赤道流,棉兰老流,棉兰老潜流,黑潮的流量的季节变化特征,其中KPP方案与OFES资料计算的棉兰老流和棉兰老潜流的季节变化特征与前人描述比较一致,表现为春强秋弱。KPP方案和OFES资料的计算结果表明,北赤道流和棉兰老流大致上是同向变化的,而在冬季棉兰老流同黑潮的变化基本上是一致的。展开更多
Based on the working principle and the damping characteristic of hydraulic shock absorber, a fluid structure interaction method was presented, which was used to analyze the microcosmic and high-frequency processing me...Based on the working principle and the damping characteristic of hydraulic shock absorber, a fluid structure interaction method was presented, which was used to analyze the microcosmic and high-frequency processing mechanism of fluid structure interaction between circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber. The fluid mesh distortion was controlled by the CEL language, and the fluid struc^tre interaction mathematical model was established. The finite element model was established by ANSYS CFX software and was analyzed by dynamic mesh technique. The local sensitive computational area was meshed by prismatic grid, which could reduce the negative volume problem during the simulation. The circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber were simulated and analyzed under the condition of sinusoidal inlet velocity loads. Flow characteristic and dynamics characteristic were obtained. The pressure distribution and the displacement of circulation value were obtained, and the acceleration curve of circulation valve was simulated and analyzed. The conformity of the final simulation results with the experimental datum indicates that this method is accurate and reliable to analyze the dynamics characteristic between circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber, which can provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing hydraulic shock absorber in the future.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Priority Academic Development Program of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, ChinaProject(CXZZ12_0680) supported by Postgraduate Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Province, ChinaProject(12JDG082) supported by the Advanced Talent Foundation of Jiangsu University, China
文摘In order to investigate the effect of sampling frequency and time on pressure fluctuations, the three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulations were conducted in a circulating water pump. Through comparison of turbulence models with hydraulic performance experiment, SST k-co model was confirmed to study the rational determination of sampling frequency and time better. The Fast Fourier Transform （FFT） technology was then adopted to process those fluctuating pressure signals obtained. On these bases, the characteristics of pressure fluctuations acting on the tongue were discussed. It is found that aliasing errors decrease at higher sampling frequency of 17 640 Hz, but not at a lower sampling frequency of 1 764 Hz. Correspondingly, an output frequency range ten-times wider is obtained at 17 640 Hz. Compared with 8R, when the sampling time is shorter, the amplitudes may be overvalued, and the frequencies and amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuations can not be well predicted. The frequencies at the tongue are in good agreement with the values calculated by formula and the frequency compositions less than the blade passing frequency are accurately predicted.
基金Project(20120023110011) supported by Doctoral Program of Higher Education of ChinaProjects(2009KH09,2009QH02) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘A comparative study of the influence of elevated temperature on foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash（CFA） was reported. Foam geopoymers were prepared with different amounts of foam agent and different Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratios of 3.1, 3.4, and 3.8. The mechanical, thermo-physical properties and microstructure of the foam geopolymers before and after exposure to elevated temperature of 800, 1000, and 1200 ℃ were investigated. The specimen with Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 3.8 exhibits the highest compressive strength, better microstructure and dimension stability before and after firing. Carnegeite, nepheline, and zeolite crystalline phases appearing after exposure may contribute to the good post-exposure strength. Low weight foam geopolymer using CFA can increase strength and maintain higher stability as high as 1000 ℃.
文摘It is critical to combat tumor metastasis by eradicating disseminated tumor cells in any step during the metastasis process.After entering the blood circulation system,tumor cells are in suspension and experience considerable levels of fluid shear stress.However,the influence of hemodynamic shear stress on the survival of CTCs and the underlying mechanotransduction mechanisms remain unclear.This study shows that fluid shear stress can eliminate the majority of CTCs and the viability of suspended tumor cells depends on the stress magnitude,indicating that tumor cells can sense and respond to fluid shear stress.Mechanistically,the expression of Piezo1 but not Piezo2 is greatly upregulated in suspended tumor cells after shear stress treatment.Inhibiting/activating Piezo1 increases/decreases the viability of suspended tumor cells in shear flow,which depends on Piezo1-mediated calcium entry.These findings suggest that Piezo1 may be the major mechanosensor by which suspended tumor cells sense fluid shear stress.As the downstream effector of Piezo1,actomyosin in tumor cells is significantly activated under increasing shear stress.Its activity influences the survival of CTCs in shear flow and rescues the effects of Piezo1 on tumor cell survival,suggesting that hemodynamic shear stress regulates the survival of CTCs through Piezo1 mediated actomyosin activity.Importantly,fluid shear stress considerably up-regulates YAP/TAZ activity of suspended tumor cells and promotes their nuclear translocation in a magnitude-dependent manner.Inhibiting YAP/TAZ enhances the viability of suspended tumor cells in shear stress,while activating their activity decreases tumor cell survival,suggesting that YAP/TAZ activation promotes the apoptosis of suspended tumor cells,which is different from the findings that YAP/TAZ facilitates the survival of adherent cells to shear flow.Further,blocking the nuclear import of YAP/TAZ inactivates the sensation of suspended tumor cells to fluid shear flow and attenuates the dependence of tumor cell survival on different magnitudes of hemodynamic shear stress.The influence of Piezo1-actomyosin pathway on suspended tumor cells can be rescued by YAP/TAZ activity,suggesting that Piezo1-mediated signaling induces tumor cell apoptosis via nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ.In addition,fluid shear stress can also activate the expressions of LATS1/2 and MST1/2 in Hippo pathway through Piezo1,which is known to inhibit YAP/TAZ activity.Silencing/activating LATS1/2 or MST1/2 inhibits/enhances the viability of CTCs under shear stress,the effects of which can be further rescued by YAP/TAZ.These findings suggest that the responses of suspended tumor cells to hemodynamic shear stress are partially mediated by Hippo signaling.After nuclear translocation,YAP/TAZ directly bind p73/PUMA,which further promotes the transcription of pro-apoptotic genes and induces the apoptosis of suspended tumor cells.In summary,these findings show that hemodynamic shear stress considerably influences the survival of CTCs in blood circulation.We have identified the calcium channel Piezo1 as a novel mechanosensor for the response of CTCs to fluid shear stress.Hemodynamic shear stress induces the apoptosis of suspended tumor cells through Piezo1-actomyosin-YAP/TAZ-p73/PUMA signaling,which is different from the mechanotranduction mechanisms for tumor cells in adherent.Therefore,this study has unveiled the novel mechanosensor of suspended CTCs in response to fluid shear stress and the subsequent mechanisms and identified Piezo1 and YAP/TAZ as the potential therapeutic targets,through which CTCs may be effectively eradicated in the vasculature to prohibit tumor metastasis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22274037,22376055 and 21904032)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2022CFB383)。
文摘Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients worldwide and one of the major challenges in treating cancer.Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis.However,the content of CTCs in peripheral blood is minimal,so the detection of CTCs in real samples is extremely challenging.Therefore,efficient enrichment and early detection of CTCs are essential to achieve timely diagnosis of diseases.In this work,we constructed an innovative and sensitive single-nanoparticle collision electrochemistry(SNCE)biosensor for the detection of MCF-7 cells(human breast cancer cells)by immunomagnetic separation technique and liposome signal amplification strategy.Liposomes embedded with platinum nanoparticles(Pt NPs)were used as signal probes,and homemade gold ultramicroelectrodes(Au UME)were used as the working electrodes.The effective collision between Pt NPs and UME would produce distinguishable step-type current.MCF-7 cells were accurately quantified according to the relationship between cell concentration and collision frequency(the number of step-type currents generated per unit time),realizing highly sensitive and specific detection of MCF-7 cells.The SNCE biosensor has a linear range of 10 cells·mL^(-1)to 10^(5) cells·mL^(-1)with a detection limit as low as 5 cells·mL^(-1).In addition,the successful detection of MCF-7 cells in complex samples showed that the SNCE biosensors have great potential for patient sample detection.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation Research Plan of Shanxi Province (2023JCQN0728)。
文摘The subversive nature of information war lies not only in the information itself, but also in the circulation and application of information. It has always been a challenge to quantitatively analyze the function and effect of information flow through command, control, communications, computer, kill, intelligence,surveillance, reconnaissance (C4KISR) system. In this work, we propose a framework of force of information influence and the methods for calculating the force of information influence between C4KISR nodes of sensing, intelligence processing,decision making and fire attack. Specifically, the basic concept of force of information influence between nodes in C4KISR system is formally proposed and its mathematical definition is provided. Then, based on the information entropy theory, the model of force of information influence between C4KISR system nodes is constructed. Finally, the simulation experiments have been performed under an air defense and attack scenario. The experimental results show that, with the proposed force of information influence framework, we can effectively evaluate the contribution of information circulation through different C4KISR system nodes to the corresponding tasks. Our framework of force of information influence can also serve as an effective tool for the design and dynamic reconfiguration of C4KISR system architecture.
基金National Key Technology Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011BAA04B03)
文摘Systematical analysis on factors affecting the cold end system in power plants was conducted.The optimization model was obtained,which regarded the minimum net coal consumption rate as the objectivefunction,used several objective conditions as the variables,such as flow rate and temperature of the circu-lating water,supercooling degree of the condenser,fouling and air leakage in the condenser.Genetic algo-rithm was employed to optimize the multiple factors affecting the cold end system,and the optimizationconditions for the minimum net coal consumption rate and the corresponding parameters were obtained.Comparison indicated that this genetic algorithm not only can optimize the cold end system quickly and ac-curately,but also can compensate the economic efficiency drop that caused by defects of some parametersthrough automatic adjustment of the parameters.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51076154)National Key Technology Research&Development Program of 12 th Five-year of China(2011BAD15B05)
文摘Abstract:The aim of this research is to design and operate a 10 kW hot chemical-looping gasification(CLG)unit using Fe2O3/Al2O3as an oxygen carrier and saw dust as a fuel.The effect of the operation temperature on gas composition in the air reactor and the fuel reactor,and the carbon conversion of biomass to CO2and CO in the fuel reactor have been experimentally studied.A total60 h run has been obtained with the same batch of oxygen carrier of iron oxide supported with alumina.The results show that CO and H2concentrations are increased with increasing temperature in the fuel reactor.It is also found that with increasing fuel reactor temperature,both the amount of residual char in the fuel reactor and CO2concentration of the exit gas from the air reactor are degreased.Carbon conversion rate and gasification efficiency are increased by increasing temperature and H2production at 870℃reaches the highest rate.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and BET-surface area tests have been used to characterize fresh and reacted oxygen carrier particles.The results display that the oxygen carrier activity is not declined and the specific surface area of the oxygen carrier particles is not decreased significantly.
基金Project(50304010) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to optimize plastic viscosity of 18 mPa·s circulating micro-bubble drilling fluid formula,orthogonal and uniform experimental design methods were applied,and the plastic viscosities of 36 and 24 groups of agent were tested,respectively.It is found that these two experimental design methods show drawbacks,that is,the amount of agent is difficult to determine,and the results are not fully optimized.Therefore,multiple regression experimental method was used to design experimental formula.By randomly selecting arbitrary agent with the amount within the recommended range,17 groups of drilling fluid formula were designed,and the plastic viscosity of each experiment formula was measured.Set plastic viscosity as the objective function,through multiple regressions,then quadratic regression model is obtained,whose correlation coefficient meets the requirement.Set target values of plastic viscosity to be 18,20 and 22 mPa·s,respectively,with the trial method,5 drilling fluid formulas are obtained with accuracy of 0.000 3,0.000 1 and 0.000 3.Arbitrarily select target value of each of the two groups under the formula for experimental verification of drilling fluid,then the measurement errors between theoretical and tested plastic viscosity are less than 5%,confirming that regression model can be applied to optimizing the circulating of plastic-foam drilling fluid viscosity.In accordance with the precision of different formulations of drilling fluid for other constraints,the methods result in the optimization of the circulating micro-bubble drilling fluid parameters.
基金Supported by Grants from NIH R01GM077352,VA Merit Award I01RX000244,AHA GIA0855601G,ADA Research Award7-08-RA-23NSFC Overseas Collaborative Grant#30728021
文摘Endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)are a circulating,bone marrow-derived cell population that participate in both vasculogenesis and vascular homeostasis.Recent studies have shown that EPCs are reduced by^50% in diabetes that correlates inversely with its mortality rate.In addition,EPC angiogenic functions are severely impaired in diabetes.However,the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying EPC dysfunction are poorly understood.Our current studies have focused on in vitro and in
基金supported by the grant from China-Japan Friendship Hospital Talent Introduction Research Start-up Fund(to Guang ying ZHU)(No.2016-RC-4)。
文摘Background and objective Low-density computed tomography(LDCT)improved early lung cancer diagnosis but introduces an excess of false-positive pulmonary nodules data.Hence,accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer remains challenging.The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility of using circulating tumour cells(CTCs)to differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules.Materials and methods 122 patients with suspected malignant pulmonary nodules detected on chest CT in preparation for surgery were prospectively recruited.Peripheral blood samples were collected before surgery,and CTCs were identified upon isolation by size of epithelial tumour cells and morphological analysis.Laser capture microdissection,MALBAC amplification,and whole-exome sequencing were performed on 8 samples.The diagnostic efficacy of CTCs counting,and the genomic variation profile of benign and malignant CTCs samples were analysed.Results Using 2.5 cells/5 m L as the cut-off value,the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was of 0.651(95%confidence interval:0.538-0.764),with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.526 and 0.800,respectively,and positive and negative predictive values of 91.1%and 30.3%,respectively.Distinct sequence variations differences in DNA damage repair-related and driver genes were observed in benign and malignant samples.TP53 mutations were identified in CTCs of four malignant cases;in particular,g.7578115T>C,g.7578645C>T,and g.7579472G>C were exclusively detected in all four malignant samples.Conclusion CTCs play an ancillary role in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.TP53 mutations in CTCs might be used to identify benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.
文摘Objective This study aimed to investigate predictability of preconception maternal circulating folate and homocysteine concentrations,glycemic and lipid profiles to the risk of congenital heart disease(CHD)in offspring.Methods A cohort of pregnancies was derived from a single hospital where pre-and post-conceptional serum folate,homocysteine,lipids,glycemic profiling and neonatal CHD screening program were facilitated.
文摘When large-scale circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boilers are working under a 1ow load condition.severe bed pressure swing often occurs and poses a serious threat to boiler stability and safety.Up to now,there are not enough theoretical studies on the bed pressure swing phenomenon.
文摘基于HYCOM(Hybrid Coordinate Oceanic Circulation Model),以OFES(OGCM for the Earth Simulator)资料为参考,分析了KPP、MY2.5、KT三种不同混合方案对北太平洋西边界流系的模拟结果的影响。结果表明:三种不同混合方案模拟的上层海洋平均流场与OFES资料相似,但在流向和流幅上略有差异,其中KPP方案模拟的流速与OFES资料最为接近,MY2.5方案次之,KT方案与其差别最大。通过代表性断面上流速的对比分析,对模式就北赤道流、棉兰老流、棉兰老潜流、黑潮的模拟效果进行比较,KPP方案模拟的效果同前人的观测和研究最为接近。分析了北赤道流,棉兰老流,棉兰老潜流,黑潮的流量的季节变化特征,其中KPP方案与OFES资料计算的棉兰老流和棉兰老潜流的季节变化特征与前人描述比较一致,表现为春强秋弱。KPP方案和OFES资料的计算结果表明,北赤道流和棉兰老流大致上是同向变化的,而在冬季棉兰老流同黑潮的变化基本上是一致的。
基金Project(51275542) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinaproject(CDJXS12110010) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Based on the working principle and the damping characteristic of hydraulic shock absorber, a fluid structure interaction method was presented, which was used to analyze the microcosmic and high-frequency processing mechanism of fluid structure interaction between circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber. The fluid mesh distortion was controlled by the CEL language, and the fluid struc^tre interaction mathematical model was established. The finite element model was established by ANSYS CFX software and was analyzed by dynamic mesh technique. The local sensitive computational area was meshed by prismatic grid, which could reduce the negative volume problem during the simulation. The circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber were simulated and analyzed under the condition of sinusoidal inlet velocity loads. Flow characteristic and dynamics characteristic were obtained. The pressure distribution and the displacement of circulation value were obtained, and the acceleration curve of circulation valve was simulated and analyzed. The conformity of the final simulation results with the experimental datum indicates that this method is accurate and reliable to analyze the dynamics characteristic between circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber, which can provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing hydraulic shock absorber in the future.
