Full waveform inversion(FWI)is a data-fitting inverse problem aiming to delineate high-resolution quantitative images of the Earth.While its basic principle has been proposed in the eighties,the approach has been sign...Full waveform inversion(FWI)is a data-fitting inverse problem aiming to delineate high-resolution quantitative images of the Earth.While its basic principle has been proposed in the eighties,the approach has been significantly developed and applied to2Dand 3Dproblems at various scales for the last fifteen years.Despite these successes,FWI is still facing some issues for applications in complex geological setups because of some lack of robustness and automatic workflow,while being computationally intensive.In this paper,after a short review of the basic FWI formulation and analysis of the FWI gradient,three recent methodological developments performed in the frame of the SEISCOPE project are presented.First,an algorithmic development is presented as a low-memory and computationally efficient approach for building the time-domain FWI gradient in 3Dviscous media.Second,a reformulation of FWI is performed to handle reflections in their tomography regime while still using the diving waves,leading to the joint full waveform inversion(JFWI)approach.Finally,an optimal transport approach is proposed as an alternative to the classical difference-based misfit for mitigating the cycle-skipping issue.展开更多
During the past three decades,studies have shown that tumor cells could"manipulate"host immunity to escape the immune defenses in the tumor microenvironment.One of the most important underlying mechanisms is...During the past three decades,studies have shown that tumor cells could"manipulate"host immunity to escape the immune defenses in the tumor microenvironment.One of the most important underlying mechanisms is immune-suppression regulated by programmed cell death-1 or its ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1),which makes PD-1/PD-L1 blockadea promising target of cancer immune-therapy.Tumors could suppress immuno-response of T cells by activating PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.Therefore,inhibiting the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 could reconstitute the enduring antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment via enhancing the T-cell response,there after augmenting the endogenous antitumor force of the immune system.Along these lines,inhibitors of PD-1/PD-L1 has been applied in multiple clinical trials against various types of tumors.Recent studies indicated that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade have demonstrated high efficacy and safety against melanoma,lung,kidney and several other solid tumors,as well as hematological malignancies.Nevertheless,the efficacy of this checkpoint blockade approach is not universal.Some investigation suggested that lack of responses to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy of patients without PD-1/PD-L1 over-expression was expected.In this review,we summarize the history and current understanding of multiple intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms via which PD-1/PD-L1 is regulated and research advances in preclinical/clinical aspects of PD-1/PD-L1,as well as significance and perspectives regarding the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in immune-antitumor therapy.展开更多
A scheduling scheme is proposed to reduce execution time by means of both checkpoint sharing and task duplication under a peer-to-peer(P2P) architecture. In the scheme, the checkpoint executed by each peer(i.e., a res...A scheduling scheme is proposed to reduce execution time by means of both checkpoint sharing and task duplication under a peer-to-peer(P2P) architecture. In the scheme, the checkpoint executed by each peer(i.e., a resource) is used as an intermediate result and executed in other peers via its duplication and transmission. As the checkpoint is close to a final result, the reduction of execution time for each task becomes higher, leading to reducing turnaround time. To evaluate the performance of our scheduling scheme in terms of transmission cost and execution time, an analytical model with an embedded Markov chain is presented. We also conduct simulations with a failure rate of tasks and compare the performance of our scheduling scheme with that of the existing scheme based on client-server architecture. Performance results show that our scheduling scheme is superior to the existing scheme with respect to the reduction of execution time and turnaround time.展开更多
互联网安全解决方案供应商Check Point软件技术有限公司宣布，“支持专业人员协会”（The Association of Support Professionals，ASP）连续3年评选Check Point为年度十大最佳Web支持站点之一，以表彰其网上服务与支持的卓越表现。Chec...互联网安全解决方案供应商Check Point软件技术有限公司宣布，“支持专业人员协会”（The Association of Support Professionals，ASP）连续3年评选Check Point为年度十大最佳Web支持站点之一，以表彰其网上服务与支持的卓越表现。Check Point公司网站中的Check Point支持中心网页为用户提供丰富的知识资源、用户论坛、实时交流（Live Chat）及远程访问功能，不断提升客户满意度。展开更多
CheckPoint软件技术有限公司日前宣布，该公司已经完成收购诺基亚的安全设备业务，这是双方长达12年紧密合作后的合理演进。除了Check Point UTM-1以及Power-1设备，现在客户可向CheckPoint直接购买先前在诺基亚IP硬件平台上运行CheckPo...CheckPoint软件技术有限公司日前宣布，该公司已经完成收购诺基亚的安全设备业务，这是双方长达12年紧密合作后的合理演进。除了Check Point UTM-1以及Power-1设备，现在客户可向CheckPoint直接购买先前在诺基亚IP硬件平台上运行CheckPoint安全软件的设备。展开更多
基金funded by the SEISCOPE consortium(http:∥seiscope2.osug.fr)sponsored by CGG,CHEVRON,EXXON-MOBIL,JGI,SHELL,SINOPEC,STATOIL,TOTAL and WOODSIDEgranted access to the HPC resources of the Froggy platform of the CIMENT infrastructure(https:∥ciment.ujf-grenoble.fr),which is supported by the Rh8ne-Alpes region(GRANT CPER07_13 CIRA)+2 种基金the OSUG@2020 labex(reference ANR10LABX56)the Equip @ Meso project(reference ANR-10-EQPX-29-01)of the programme Investissements d'Avenir supervised by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherchethe HPC resources of CINES/IDRIS under the allocation 046091made by GENCI
文摘Full waveform inversion(FWI)is a data-fitting inverse problem aiming to delineate high-resolution quantitative images of the Earth.While its basic principle has been proposed in the eighties,the approach has been significantly developed and applied to2Dand 3Dproblems at various scales for the last fifteen years.Despite these successes,FWI is still facing some issues for applications in complex geological setups because of some lack of robustness and automatic workflow,while being computationally intensive.In this paper,after a short review of the basic FWI formulation and analysis of the FWI gradient,three recent methodological developments performed in the frame of the SEISCOPE project are presented.First,an algorithmic development is presented as a low-memory and computationally efficient approach for building the time-domain FWI gradient in 3Dviscous media.Second,a reformulation of FWI is performed to handle reflections in their tomography regime while still using the diving waves,leading to the joint full waveform inversion(JFWI)approach.Finally,an optimal transport approach is proposed as an alternative to the classical difference-based misfit for mitigating the cycle-skipping issue.
文摘During the past three decades,studies have shown that tumor cells could"manipulate"host immunity to escape the immune defenses in the tumor microenvironment.One of the most important underlying mechanisms is immune-suppression regulated by programmed cell death-1 or its ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1),which makes PD-1/PD-L1 blockadea promising target of cancer immune-therapy.Tumors could suppress immuno-response of T cells by activating PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.Therefore,inhibiting the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 could reconstitute the enduring antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment via enhancing the T-cell response,there after augmenting the endogenous antitumor force of the immune system.Along these lines,inhibitors of PD-1/PD-L1 has been applied in multiple clinical trials against various types of tumors.Recent studies indicated that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade have demonstrated high efficacy and safety against melanoma,lung,kidney and several other solid tumors,as well as hematological malignancies.Nevertheless,the efficacy of this checkpoint blockade approach is not universal.Some investigation suggested that lack of responses to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy of patients without PD-1/PD-L1 over-expression was expected.In this review,we summarize the history and current understanding of multiple intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms via which PD-1/PD-L1 is regulated and research advances in preclinical/clinical aspects of PD-1/PD-L1,as well as significance and perspectives regarding the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in immune-antitumor therapy.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2012R1A1A4A0105777)supported by the MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning), Korea, under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center) support program (NIPA-2013-H030113-4007) supervised by the NIPA (National IT Industry Promotion Agency)
文摘A scheduling scheme is proposed to reduce execution time by means of both checkpoint sharing and task duplication under a peer-to-peer(P2P) architecture. In the scheme, the checkpoint executed by each peer(i.e., a resource) is used as an intermediate result and executed in other peers via its duplication and transmission. As the checkpoint is close to a final result, the reduction of execution time for each task becomes higher, leading to reducing turnaround time. To evaluate the performance of our scheduling scheme in terms of transmission cost and execution time, an analytical model with an embedded Markov chain is presented. We also conduct simulations with a failure rate of tasks and compare the performance of our scheduling scheme with that of the existing scheme based on client-server architecture. Performance results show that our scheduling scheme is superior to the existing scheme with respect to the reduction of execution time and turnaround time.
文摘互联网安全解决方案供应商Check Point软件技术有限公司宣布，“支持专业人员协会”（The Association of Support Professionals，ASP）连续3年评选Check Point为年度十大最佳Web支持站点之一，以表彰其网上服务与支持的卓越表现。Check Point公司网站中的Check Point支持中心网页为用户提供丰富的知识资源、用户论坛、实时交流（Live Chat）及远程访问功能，不断提升客户满意度。
