The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living orga...The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living organisms.It irradiates a biological sample placed in a 30×30×50 cm^(3)cell with electromagnetic waves in the 3.15-mm-wavelength region(with an output of≥1 W)and analyzes the temperature change of the sample.A vacuum electronic device-based coupled-cavity backward-wave oscillator converts the electron energy of the electron beam into radiofrequency(RF)energy and radiates it to the target through an antenna,increasing the temperature through the absorption of RF energy in the skin.The system causes pain and ultimately reduces combat power.A cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system consisting of four parts—an electromagnetic-wave generator,a highvoltage power supply,a test cell,and a system controller—generates an RF signal of≥1 W in a continuous waveform at a 95-GHz center frequency,as well as a chemical solution with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin of a living organism.An increase of 5°C lasting approximately 10 s was confirmed through an experiment.展开更多
Behavioral and molecular characterization of cell-type specific populations governing fear learning and behavior is a promising avenue for the rational identification of potential therapeutics for fear-related disorde...Behavioral and molecular characterization of cell-type specific populations governing fear learning and behavior is a promising avenue for the rational identification of potential therapeutics for fear-related disorders.Identification of cell-type specific changes in neuronal translation following fear learning allows for targeted pharmacological intervention during fear extinction learning,mirroring possible treatment strategies in humans.Here we identify the central amygdala(Ce A)Drd2-expressing population as a fear-supporting population that is molecularly distinct from other,previously identified fear-supporting CeA populations.Sequencing of actively translating transcripts of Drd2 neurons identifies m RNAs that are differentially regulated following fear learning including Npy5r,Rxrg,Sst5r,Fgf3,Erb B4,Fkbp14,Dlk1,Ssh3 and Adora2a.Direct pharmacological manipulation of NPY5R,RXR,and ADORA2A confirms their importance in fear behavior and validates the present approach of identifying pharmacological targets for the modulation of emotional learning.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.NRF-2021M2E8A1038938,No.NRF-2021R1F1A1048374,and No.NRF-2016R1A3B1908336)supported by a grant of the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences(KIRAMS),funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT),Republic of Korea(No.50051—2021,No.50623—2021)。
文摘The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living organisms.It irradiates a biological sample placed in a 30×30×50 cm^(3)cell with electromagnetic waves in the 3.15-mm-wavelength region(with an output of≥1 W)and analyzes the temperature change of the sample.A vacuum electronic device-based coupled-cavity backward-wave oscillator converts the electron energy of the electron beam into radiofrequency(RF)energy and radiates it to the target through an antenna,increasing the temperature through the absorption of RF energy in the skin.The system causes pain and ultimately reduces combat power.A cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system consisting of four parts—an electromagnetic-wave generator,a highvoltage power supply,a test cell,and a system controller—generates an RF signal of≥1 W in a continuous waveform at a 95-GHz center frequency,as well as a chemical solution with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin of a living organism.An increase of 5°C lasting approximately 10 s was confirmed through an experiment.
文摘Behavioral and molecular characterization of cell-type specific populations governing fear learning and behavior is a promising avenue for the rational identification of potential therapeutics for fear-related disorders.Identification of cell-type specific changes in neuronal translation following fear learning allows for targeted pharmacological intervention during fear extinction learning,mirroring possible treatment strategies in humans.Here we identify the central amygdala(Ce A)Drd2-expressing population as a fear-supporting population that is molecularly distinct from other,previously identified fear-supporting CeA populations.Sequencing of actively translating transcripts of Drd2 neurons identifies m RNAs that are differentially regulated following fear learning including Npy5r,Rxrg,Sst5r,Fgf3,Erb B4,Fkbp14,Dlk1,Ssh3 and Adora2a.Direct pharmacological manipulation of NPY5R,RXR,and ADORA2A confirms their importance in fear behavior and validates the present approach of identifying pharmacological targets for the modulation of emotional learning.
文摘目的拟通过单细胞转录组测序技术(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNA-seq)解析移植前体外培养人胸腺组织切片的残余细胞类型和功能,并利用培养上清液分子标志物的水平特征建立胸腺组织切片质量评估方法。方法收集2023年5月至2024年1月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院心胸外科接受心脏外科手术的18例先天心脏病患者废弃的胸腺制备成胸腺组织切片。体外培养14 d后,通过scRNA-seq鉴定残余的细胞类型,联合基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)富集分析残余细胞的功能,并查阅胸腺组织切片培养的相关文献筛选出指示胸腺细胞功能的分子标志物。采用ELISA检测上清液分子标志物的蛋白水平变化,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC),以曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)判定上清液分子标志物对胸腺组织切片质量的评估价值。将分子标志物判定为质量检测合格与质量检测不合格的胸腺组织切片移植至6~8周龄Balb/c-nude雄性小鼠(体质量14~17 g)皮下(对照组不移植胸腺组织切片),通过流式细胞术和组织学检测分析移植后免疫重建效果。结果(1)scRNA-seq数据显示,胸腺组织切片中含有11种细胞,主要细胞为上皮细胞、成纤维细胞和T细胞。GO和KEGG富集分析显示,上皮细胞与趋化作用、上皮细胞发育、细胞基质粘附、紧密连接等条目相关;成纤维细胞主要与细胞外基质组织、上皮细胞增殖、负向调控细胞迁移、肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节等条目相关;T细胞主要与T细胞分化、T细胞活化的调控、T细胞凋亡、T细胞受体信号等条目相关。(2)筛选出CCL19、CCL21、CXCL12、CXCL16、IL16、SELL作为指示胸腺细胞功能的分子标志物,与第1天相比,CCL19、CCL21、CXCL12和CXCL16蛋白分泌量伴随体外培养显著增加(P<0.05),IL16和L-selectin(SELL表达分泌的蛋白)蛋白分泌量伴随体外培养显著下降(P<0.05)。联合IL16和L-selectin生成预测因子Pre1评估体外培养1 d的胸腺组织切片质量的价值最高,ROC曲线下面积为0.883。联合CCL19、CCL21、CXCL12、CXCL16生成预测因子Pre2评估体外培养14 d的胸腺组织切片质量的价值最高,ROC曲线下面积为0.948。(3)裸鼠移植实验证实:与对照组相比,质量检测合格的胸腺组织切片能在体内发育成胸腺结构,并有效提升裸鼠外周血中T细胞的比例(P<0.01),而质量检测不合格的胸腺组织切片移植到裸鼠体内无法重建裸鼠的T细胞发育。结论移植前胸腺组织切片残留的组成细胞主要为上皮细胞、成纤维细胞和T细胞;IL16和L-selectin可作为判定胸腺原料质量的潜在指标。CCL19、CCL21、CXCL12和CXCL16可有效评估胸腺组织切片成品的质量。
