为探讨辛基酚对鳞翅目模式昆虫家蚕生长发育的影响,使用添加0.01~0.08 g·kg-1辛基酚(4-tert-octylphenol,4-t-OP)的人工饲料饲养家蚕(Bombyx mori L.),研究了4-t-OP对家蚕幼虫和蛹的生长发育速度、生长量、发育整齐度和生命力等影...为探讨辛基酚对鳞翅目模式昆虫家蚕生长发育的影响,使用添加0.01~0.08 g·kg-1辛基酚(4-tert-octylphenol,4-t-OP)的人工饲料饲养家蚕(Bombyx mori L.),研究了4-t-OP对家蚕幼虫和蛹的生长发育速度、生长量、发育整齐度和生命力等影响。结果表明:连续取食0.01 g·kg-1以上浓度4-t-OP的饲料,家蚕幼虫和蛹的生长发育速度(幼虫期和蛹期发育经过时间)、生长量(幼虫期体质量和蛹期茧层量)、生命力(3龄起蚕绝食生命时数、4龄起蚕结茧率、蚕茧的死笼率和羽化率)等都明显下降,抑制眠蚕体质量。4-t-OP对家蚕幼虫生长发育后期、化蛹及羽化等发育变态期的影响更加明显,其在家蚕体内可能有累积效应。添食0.08 g·kg-14-t-OP的家蚕不能完成生活史。研究表明,4-t-OP对家蚕生长发育毒性影响有显著的浓度效应和时间效应。展开更多
Silkworms and spiders are capable of generating fibers that are both highly durable and elastic in a short span of time,using a silk solution stored within their bodies at room temperature and normal atmospheric press...Silkworms and spiders are capable of generating fibers that are both highly durable and elastic in a short span of time,using a silk solution stored within their bodies at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.The dragline silk fiber,which is essentially a spider's lifeline,surpasses the strength of a steel wire of equivalent thickness.Regrettably,humans have yet to replicate this process to produce fibers with similar high strength and elasticity in an eco-friendly manner.Therefore,it is of utmost importance to thoroughly comprehend the extraordinary structure and fibrillation mechanism of silk,and leverage this understanding in the manufacturing of high-strength,high-elasticity fibers.This review will delve into the recent progress in comprehending the structure of silks derived from silkworms and spiders,emphasizing the distinctive attributes of solidstate NMR.展开更多
基金support by a JSPS KAKENHI,Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C),Grant Number JP19K05609.
文摘Silkworms and spiders are capable of generating fibers that are both highly durable and elastic in a short span of time,using a silk solution stored within their bodies at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.The dragline silk fiber,which is essentially a spider's lifeline,surpasses the strength of a steel wire of equivalent thickness.Regrettably,humans have yet to replicate this process to produce fibers with similar high strength and elasticity in an eco-friendly manner.Therefore,it is of utmost importance to thoroughly comprehend the extraordinary structure and fibrillation mechanism of silk,and leverage this understanding in the manufacturing of high-strength,high-elasticity fibers.This review will delve into the recent progress in comprehending the structure of silks derived from silkworms and spiders,emphasizing the distinctive attributes of solidstate NMR.
