In recent years,chiral inorganic nanomaterials have become promising candidates for applications in sensing,catalysis,biomedicine,and photonics.Plasmonic nanomaterials with an intrinsic chiral structure exhibit intrig...In recent years,chiral inorganic nanomaterials have become promising candidates for applications in sensing,catalysis,biomedicine,and photonics.Plasmonic nanomaterials with an intrinsic chiral structure exhibit intriguing geometry‑dependent optical chirality,which benefits the combination of plasmonic characteristics with chirality.Recent advances in the biomolecule‑directed geometric control of intrinsically chiral plasmonic nanomaterials have further provided great opportunities for their widespread applications in many emerging technological areas.In this review,we present the recent progress in biosensing using chiral inorganic nanomaterials,with a particular focus on electrochemical and enzyme‑mimicking catalytic approaches.This paper commences with a review of the basic tenets underlying chiral nanocatalysts,incorporating the chiral ligand‑induced mechanism and the architectures of intrinsically chiral nanostructures.Additionally,it methodically expounds upon the applications of chiral nanocatalysts in the realms of electrochemical biosensing and enzyme‑mimicking catalytic biosensing respectively.Conclusively,it proffers a prospective view of the hurdles and prospects that accompany the deployment of chiral nanoprobes for nascent biosensing applications.By rational design of the chiral nanoprobes,it is envisioned that biosensing with increasing sensitivity and resolution toward the single‑molecule level can be achieved,which will substantially promote sensing applications in many emerging interdisciplinary areas.展开更多
Carbon dots(CDs)are fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes smal-ler than 10 nm,that are renowned for their exceptional properties,including superior anti-photobleaching,excellent biocompatibility,and minima...Carbon dots(CDs)are fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes smal-ler than 10 nm,that are renowned for their exceptional properties,including superior anti-photobleaching,excellent biocompatibility,and minimal toxicity,which have received sig-nificant interest.Near-infrared(NIR)light has emerged as an ideal light source in the biolo-gical field due to its advantages of minimal scattering and absorption,long wavelength emission,increased tissue penetration,and reduced interference from biological back-grounds.CDs with efficient absorption and/or emission characteristics in the NIR spectrum have shown remarkable promise in the biomedical uses.This study provides a comprehens-ive overview of the preparation methods and wavelength modulation strategies for near-in-frared CDs and reviews research progress in their use in the areas of biosensing,bioimaging,and therapy.It also discusses current challenges and clinical prospects,aimed at deepening our understanding of the subject and promoting further advances in this field.展开更多
Electrochemical processes lie at the core of biological function,governing energy transduction,metabolic flux,and mo-lecular signaling.Recent advances in electrochemical science now allow these processes to be probed ...Electrochemical processes lie at the core of biological function,governing energy transduction,metabolic flux,and mo-lecular signaling.Recent advances in electrochemical science now allow these processes to be probed and controlled with unprecedented spatial,temporal,and chemical resolution.In this review,we present an integrated framework that pro-gresses from fundamental mechanisms to analytical technologies and functional modulation.We begin by outlining elec-tron transfer pathways in mitochondrial respiration,microbial extracellular electron transfer,and DNA-and protein-based charge conduction,followed by the principles of photon-electron conversion in photosynthesis and the central role of redox equilibrium in coordinating cellular responses.We then highlight electrochemical analytical strategies that enable multiscale biological characterization,including biosensing,electrochemical and scanning probe imaging,electrogenerated chemilu-minescence detection,and measurements of membrane potentials and neurotransmitter dynamics.Emerging platforms such as flexible biointerfaces,ultramicroelectrodes,and nanopore systems further extend these capabilities to in vivo and single-molecule contexts.Finally,we discuss how electrochemical inputs can be used to regulate metabolic pathways,mi-crobial and protein activities,and neural signaling,enabling precision therapeutic and bioengineering applications.Togeth-er,these developments establish electrochemistry as a powerful foundation for decoding and directing biological systems.展开更多
A novel homogeneous electrogenerated chemiluminescence(ECL)method for the determination of thrombin was developed by employing an ECL probe consisting of thrombin aptamer serving as a recognition element and tris(2,2...A novel homogeneous electrogenerated chemiluminescence(ECL)method for the determination of thrombin was developed by employing an ECL probe consisting of thrombin aptamer serving as a recognition element and tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium derivatives as an ECL tag.It was found that a strong ECL emission was electrochemically generated from the ECL probe at a gold electrode in the absence of thrombin and decreased markedly in the presence of thrombin.The changes of the integrated ECL intensity was linearly dependent on the concentration of thrombin in the range from 0.5to 7.5nmol/L.The detection limit for thrombin was 0.25nmol/L(S/N=3)and the relative standard derivation for 5.0nmol/L was 2.7%(n=7).The developed method has advantages such as simplicity,high sensitivity and high selectivity,free of immobilization and washing steps.This work demonstrates that the homogeneous ECL method based on the combination of a high-affinity aptamer with highly sensitive ECL method is a great promising approach for simple and sensitive determination of proteins.展开更多
文摘In recent years,chiral inorganic nanomaterials have become promising candidates for applications in sensing,catalysis,biomedicine,and photonics.Plasmonic nanomaterials with an intrinsic chiral structure exhibit intriguing geometry‑dependent optical chirality,which benefits the combination of plasmonic characteristics with chirality.Recent advances in the biomolecule‑directed geometric control of intrinsically chiral plasmonic nanomaterials have further provided great opportunities for their widespread applications in many emerging technological areas.In this review,we present the recent progress in biosensing using chiral inorganic nanomaterials,with a particular focus on electrochemical and enzyme‑mimicking catalytic approaches.This paper commences with a review of the basic tenets underlying chiral nanocatalysts,incorporating the chiral ligand‑induced mechanism and the architectures of intrinsically chiral nanostructures.Additionally,it methodically expounds upon the applications of chiral nanocatalysts in the realms of electrochemical biosensing and enzyme‑mimicking catalytic biosensing respectively.Conclusively,it proffers a prospective view of the hurdles and prospects that accompany the deployment of chiral nanoprobes for nascent biosensing applications.By rational design of the chiral nanoprobes,it is envisioned that biosensing with increasing sensitivity and resolution toward the single‑molecule level can be achieved,which will substantially promote sensing applications in many emerging interdisciplinary areas.
基金financial support by Talent Introduction Research Initiation Fund of Shanxi Bethune Hospital(2022RC04)Basic Research Program Youth Science Research Project of Shanxi province(202203021212096)+1 种基金Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases(CXZX-202302)Research Project Plan of Shanxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2023ZYYB2021)。
文摘Carbon dots(CDs)are fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes smal-ler than 10 nm,that are renowned for their exceptional properties,including superior anti-photobleaching,excellent biocompatibility,and minimal toxicity,which have received sig-nificant interest.Near-infrared(NIR)light has emerged as an ideal light source in the biolo-gical field due to its advantages of minimal scattering and absorption,long wavelength emission,increased tissue penetration,and reduced interference from biological back-grounds.CDs with efficient absorption and/or emission characteristics in the NIR spectrum have shown remarkable promise in the biomedical uses.This study provides a comprehens-ive overview of the preparation methods and wavelength modulation strategies for near-in-frared CDs and reviews research progress in their use in the areas of biosensing,bioimaging,and therapy.It also discusses current challenges and clinical prospects,aimed at deepening our understanding of the subject and promoting further advances in this field.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2021YFA1200101 and 2021YFA1200104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21635005,21890741,22174134,and 22474133)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-054).
文摘Electrochemical processes lie at the core of biological function,governing energy transduction,metabolic flux,and mo-lecular signaling.Recent advances in electrochemical science now allow these processes to be probed and controlled with unprecedented spatial,temporal,and chemical resolution.In this review,we present an integrated framework that pro-gresses from fundamental mechanisms to analytical technologies and functional modulation.We begin by outlining elec-tron transfer pathways in mitochondrial respiration,microbial extracellular electron transfer,and DNA-and protein-based charge conduction,followed by the principles of photon-electron conversion in photosynthesis and the central role of redox equilibrium in coordinating cellular responses.We then highlight electrochemical analytical strategies that enable multiscale biological characterization,including biosensing,electrochemical and scanning probe imaging,electrogenerated chemilu-minescence detection,and measurements of membrane potentials and neurotransmitter dynamics.Emerging platforms such as flexible biointerfaces,ultramicroelectrodes,and nanopore systems further extend these capabilities to in vivo and single-molecule contexts.Finally,we discuss how electrochemical inputs can be used to regulate metabolic pathways,mi-crobial and protein activities,and neural signaling,enabling precision therapeutic and bioengineering applications.Togeth-er,these developments establish electrochemistry as a powerful foundation for decoding and directing biological systems.
基金National Natural Foundation of China(No.21275095,21375084)National Natural Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.2013KJXX-73)
文摘A novel homogeneous electrogenerated chemiluminescence(ECL)method for the determination of thrombin was developed by employing an ECL probe consisting of thrombin aptamer serving as a recognition element and tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium derivatives as an ECL tag.It was found that a strong ECL emission was electrochemically generated from the ECL probe at a gold electrode in the absence of thrombin and decreased markedly in the presence of thrombin.The changes of the integrated ECL intensity was linearly dependent on the concentration of thrombin in the range from 0.5to 7.5nmol/L.The detection limit for thrombin was 0.25nmol/L(S/N=3)and the relative standard derivation for 5.0nmol/L was 2.7%(n=7).The developed method has advantages such as simplicity,high sensitivity and high selectivity,free of immobilization and washing steps.This work demonstrates that the homogeneous ECL method based on the combination of a high-affinity aptamer with highly sensitive ECL method is a great promising approach for simple and sensitive determination of proteins.
