OBJECTIVE Vanadium is a necessary trace element in the human body and has a certain role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.Organic vanadium is more easily absorbed and less toxic than inorganic vanadium.Thus...OBJECTIVE Vanadium is a necessary trace element in the human body and has a certain role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.Organic vanadium is more easily absorbed and less toxic than inorganic vanadium.Thus,in this study,vanadium complex was synthesized from genistein which had good hypoglycemic activity and inor⁃ganic vanadium element,and its hypoglycemic activity and acute oral toxicity were studied.METHODS The vanadium genistein complex was synthesized by chelating vanadium with genistein in methanol and its structure was determined by LC-MS,atomic absorption spectroscopy,UV-visible spectroscopy,elemental and thermodynamic analysis.The antidiabetic activity of the complex was assessed in db/db mice and C57 mice by daily oral gavage for 4 weeks.These db/db mice were divided into test groups〔high(30 mg·kg^-1),medium(20 mg·kg^-1)and low(10 mg·kg^-1)dose group〕,model group,genistein group,inorganic vanadium group,each group of 8;8 C57 mice was for normal control group.The acute toxicity test was carried out on KM mice with this complex by a maximum limit dose method.Randomly 20 healthy KM mice were divided into negative control group and test group,each group of 10,male and female half.RESULTS The molecular structure of this complex was inferred as a complex(VL2)formed by two ligands and one vanadium element.It was found that its hypoglycemic activity was better than that of genistein and inorganic vanadium.The hypoglycemic activity of the high dose group was better than that of the medium dose group and low dose group.The complex can signifi⁃cantly improve the body mass of db/db mice,fasting blood glucose,random blood glucose,liver/body,kidney/body,and the performance of oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test in db/db mice.The morphology of liver,kidney,pancreas and skeletal muscle also had obvious improvement and repair.Effect on serum index of db/db mice showed that,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol had no significant improvement compared with the model group,but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of complex group had significant improvement compared with the model group.In addition,this complex did not produce any hazardous symptoms or deaths in acute oral toxicity test.CONCLUSION complex has good hypoglycemic activity in vivo,and did not have the potential toxicity.This would provide an important reference for the development of functional hypoglycemic foods.展开更多
Beta-cypermethrin is one of the synthetic pyrethroid, which is widely used to control insect pests and is found to be more effective than organphosphates and carbamates. However, it is also reported to be more toxic t...Beta-cypermethrin is one of the synthetic pyrethroid, which is widely used to control insect pests and is found to be more effective than organphosphates and carbamates. However, it is also reported to be more toxic than organphosphates and carbamates. It has been suggested that synthetic pyrethroids are readily absorbed by the gills of fish even at very low concentrations. Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) exist in the cells of every tissue, particularly in the liver. If the liver is damaged, the enzymes are discharged from the cells into the serum. It increases the GPT and GOT metabolic activities quickly. It is, therefore, proposed that the effects of toxicants on serum GPT and GOT could be used as indexes in toxicological assessments. In this experiment, the effectiveness of beta-cypermethrin on the acute toxicity and on serum GPT and GOT concentration of crucian carp was studied. The LC 50 of beta-cypermethrin for crucian carp was 11.4μg/L. The crucian carp serum was treated against beta-cypermethrin levels of 0.114μg/L, 0.57μg/L and 1.14μg/L for exposure times of 0d, 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d, at all concentrations. The results show that when the beta-cypermethrin concentration increases and the exposure time is prolonged, the GPT and GOT activities of serum increased also. The results proved that beta-cypermethrin could cause great damage to crucian carp and its biochemical functions.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE Vanadium is a necessary trace element in the human body and has a certain role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes.Organic vanadium is more easily absorbed and less toxic than inorganic vanadium.Thus,in this study,vanadium complex was synthesized from genistein which had good hypoglycemic activity and inor⁃ganic vanadium element,and its hypoglycemic activity and acute oral toxicity were studied.METHODS The vanadium genistein complex was synthesized by chelating vanadium with genistein in methanol and its structure was determined by LC-MS,atomic absorption spectroscopy,UV-visible spectroscopy,elemental and thermodynamic analysis.The antidiabetic activity of the complex was assessed in db/db mice and C57 mice by daily oral gavage for 4 weeks.These db/db mice were divided into test groups〔high(30 mg·kg^-1),medium(20 mg·kg^-1)and low(10 mg·kg^-1)dose group〕,model group,genistein group,inorganic vanadium group,each group of 8;8 C57 mice was for normal control group.The acute toxicity test was carried out on KM mice with this complex by a maximum limit dose method.Randomly 20 healthy KM mice were divided into negative control group and test group,each group of 10,male and female half.RESULTS The molecular structure of this complex was inferred as a complex(VL2)formed by two ligands and one vanadium element.It was found that its hypoglycemic activity was better than that of genistein and inorganic vanadium.The hypoglycemic activity of the high dose group was better than that of the medium dose group and low dose group.The complex can signifi⁃cantly improve the body mass of db/db mice,fasting blood glucose,random blood glucose,liver/body,kidney/body,and the performance of oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test in db/db mice.The morphology of liver,kidney,pancreas and skeletal muscle also had obvious improvement and repair.Effect on serum index of db/db mice showed that,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol had no significant improvement compared with the model group,but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of complex group had significant improvement compared with the model group.In addition,this complex did not produce any hazardous symptoms or deaths in acute oral toxicity test.CONCLUSION complex has good hypoglycemic activity in vivo,and did not have the potential toxicity.This would provide an important reference for the development of functional hypoglycemic foods.
基金the National Basic Research Program(973 Program) (No.2001CCB00700) Wuhan Chenguang Scientific Program(No.2002500103)
文摘Beta-cypermethrin is one of the synthetic pyrethroid, which is widely used to control insect pests and is found to be more effective than organphosphates and carbamates. However, it is also reported to be more toxic than organphosphates and carbamates. It has been suggested that synthetic pyrethroids are readily absorbed by the gills of fish even at very low concentrations. Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) exist in the cells of every tissue, particularly in the liver. If the liver is damaged, the enzymes are discharged from the cells into the serum. It increases the GPT and GOT metabolic activities quickly. It is, therefore, proposed that the effects of toxicants on serum GPT and GOT could be used as indexes in toxicological assessments. In this experiment, the effectiveness of beta-cypermethrin on the acute toxicity and on serum GPT and GOT concentration of crucian carp was studied. The LC 50 of beta-cypermethrin for crucian carp was 11.4μg/L. The crucian carp serum was treated against beta-cypermethrin levels of 0.114μg/L, 0.57μg/L and 1.14μg/L for exposure times of 0d, 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d, at all concentrations. The results show that when the beta-cypermethrin concentration increases and the exposure time is prolonged, the GPT and GOT activities of serum increased also. The results proved that beta-cypermethrin could cause great damage to crucian carp and its biochemical functions.
