Active fault creep slip induces deformation of rock mass buried deeply in fault zones that significantly affect the operational safety of long linear projects passing through it.Displacement distribution patterns of r...Active fault creep slip induces deformation of rock mass buried deeply in fault zones that significantly affect the operational safety of long linear projects passing through it.Displacement distribution patterns of rock masses in active fault zones which have been investigated previously are the key design basis for such projects.Therefore,a discrete element numerical model with different fault types,slip time,dip angles,and complex geological features was established,and then the creep slip for normal,reverse,and strike-slip faults were simulated to analyze the displacement distribution in the fault rock mass.A disk rotation test system and the corresponding laboratory test method were developed for simulating rock mass displacement induced by creep slippage of faults.A series of rotation tests for softand hard-layered specimens under combined compression and torsional stress were conducted to verify the numerical results and analyze the factors influencing the displacement distribution.An S-shaped displacement distribution independent of fault dip angle was identified corresponding to reverse,normal,and strike-slip faults.The results indicated that the higher the degree of horizontal extrusion,the softer the rock mass at the fault core,and the higher the degree of displacement concentration in the fault core;about 70%of the creep slip displacement occurs within this zone under 100 years of creep slippage.展开更多
Due to development of distribution systems and increase in electricity demand,the use of capacitor banks increases.From the other point of view,nonlinear loads generate and inject considerable harmonic currents into p...Due to development of distribution systems and increase in electricity demand,the use of capacitor banks increases.From the other point of view,nonlinear loads generate and inject considerable harmonic currents into power system.Under this condition if capacitor banks are not properly selected and placed in the power system,they could amplify and propagate these harmonics and deteriorate power quality to unacceptable levels.With attention of disadvantages of passive filters,such as occurring resonance,nowadays the usage of this type of harmonic compensator is restricted.On the other side,one of parallel multi-function compensating devices which are recently used in distribution system to mitigate voltage sag and harmonic distortion,performs power factor correction,and improves the overall power quality as active power conditioner(APC).Therefore,the utilization of APC in harmonic distorted system can affect and change the optimal location and size of shunt capacitor bank under harmonic distortion condition.This paper presents an optimization algorithm for improvement of power quality using simultaneous optimal placement and sizing of APC and shunt capacitor banks in radial distribution networks in the presence of voltage and current harmonics.The algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization(PSO).The objective function includes the cost of power losses,energy losses and those of the capacitor banks and APCs.展开更多
Effects of tannic acid on active aluminum species distribution in different pH tea soils in Yunnan and Jiangxi tea gardens were studied by field observation and laboratory analysis.There were 4 species of active alumi...Effects of tannic acid on active aluminum species distribution in different pH tea soils in Yunnan and Jiangxi tea gardens were studied by field observation and laboratory analysis.There were 4 species of active aluminum in the tea soil,i.e.,exchangeable aluminum Al3 +,unimer hydroxyl aluminum Al(OH)2 +Al(OH)+2,acid-soluble aluminum Al(OH)03and humic-acid aluminum Al-HA.Experimental results showed that tannic acid at levels 0 ~0.4 mmol/kg and 0 ~ 2.0 mmol/kg,with the rising of soil pH value,the content of exchangeable aluminum decreased significantly,hydroxyl aluminum,acid-soluble aluminum and humic-acid aluminum were increased gently.When the concentration of tannic acid increased to above 2.0 mmol/kg,the inhibition of higher concentration of tannic acid on content of active aluminum was strengthened with the rising of soil pH value and variation law of 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer was similar to 0 ~ 20cm soil layer.Generally speaking,the content of active aluminum in upper layer of soil were more than subsoil and total content of active aluminum in Yunnan tea soils were higher than Jiangxi tea soils.The correlation analysis showed that the soil pH were positively correlated with hydroxyl aluminum,humic-acid aluminum,pHBC(r = 0.796,0.960,0.852;p < 0.01,0.01,0.01) in 0 ~ 20cm soil layer.pHBC were significant negative correlated with exchangeable aluminum(r =- 904,p < 0.01),hydroxyl aluminum(r =- 645,p < 0.05),and with humic-acid aluminum have a positive correlation,correlation coefficient was0.795(P < 0.05).Meanwhile,the tannic acid addition concentration were 0 ~ 0.4 mmol/kg soils pH were increased significantly,while samples attains a peak pH value afterwards decrease continuously,the relationship between the pH and the concentration of tannic acids accords with the equation:Y pH=- 0.04C DN+3.82(R2= 0.95,P < 0.01).When the concentration of tannic acid up to about 8.0 ~ 12.0 mmol/kg,soil pH keep unchanged.Therefore,we can clearly draw that effects of tannic acid on active aluminum content of the inflection point is not the same in different region of tea garden soil.Low concentration tannic acid can improve the soil content of various forms of aluminum,but with the increase in the amount of tannic acid,the various forms of aluminum content are inhibited.With the soil pH increased,high concentrations tannic acid on the inhibition of the release of active aluminum increased.pH and tannic acid on the total amount of active aluminum garden soil was mutual weakening effect relationship.展开更多
The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living orga...The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living organisms.It irradiates a biological sample placed in a 30×30×50 cm^(3)cell with electromagnetic waves in the 3.15-mm-wavelength region(with an output of≥1 W)and analyzes the temperature change of the sample.A vacuum electronic device-based coupled-cavity backward-wave oscillator converts the electron energy of the electron beam into radiofrequency(RF)energy and radiates it to the target through an antenna,increasing the temperature through the absorption of RF energy in the skin.The system causes pain and ultimately reduces combat power.A cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system consisting of four parts—an electromagnetic-wave generator,a highvoltage power supply,a test cell,and a system controller—generates an RF signal of≥1 W in a continuous waveform at a 95-GHz center frequency,as well as a chemical solution with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin of a living organism.An increase of 5°C lasting approximately 10 s was confirmed through an experiment.展开更多
This paper investigates the effect of porosity on active damping of geometrically nonlinear vibrations(GNLV)of the magneto-electro-elastic(MEE)functionally graded(FG)plates incorporated with active treatment constrict...This paper investigates the effect of porosity on active damping of geometrically nonlinear vibrations(GNLV)of the magneto-electro-elastic(MEE)functionally graded(FG)plates incorporated with active treatment constricted layer damping(ATCLD)patches.The perpendicularly/slanted reinforced 1-3 piezoelectric composite(1-3 PZC)constricting layer.The constricted viscoelastic layer of the ATCLD is modeled in the time-domain using Golla-Hughes-Mc Tavish(GHM)technique.Different types of porosity distribution in the porous magneto-electro-elastic functionally graded PMEE-FG plate graded in the thickness direction.Considering the coupling effects among elasticity,electrical,and magnetic fields,a three-dimensional finite element(FE)model for the smart PMEE-FG plate is obtained by incorporating the theory of layer-wise shear deformation.The geometric nonlinearity adopts the von K arm an principle.The study presents the effects of a variant of a power-law index,porosity index,the material gradation,three types of porosity distribution,boundary conditions,and the piezoelectric fiber’s orientation angle on the control of GNLV of the PMEE-FG plates.The results reveal that the FG substrate layers’porosity significantly impacts the nonlinear behavior and damping performance of the PMEE-FG plates.展开更多
分数阶Active Demons(fractional active demons,FAD)算法是图像非刚性配准的有效方法,并且能解决灰度均匀和弱纹理图像配准精度低,优化易陷入局部极小而导致的配准速度缓慢问题,但是该算法中分数阶最佳阶次的寻找需要通过多次实验人工...分数阶Active Demons(fractional active demons,FAD)算法是图像非刚性配准的有效方法,并且能解决灰度均匀和弱纹理图像配准精度低,优化易陷入局部极小而导致的配准速度缓慢问题,但是该算法中分数阶最佳阶次的寻找需要通过多次实验人工选取,缺乏阶次自适应性.针对该问题,提出了基于多分辨率和自适应分数阶的Active Demons算法,该算法首先根据图像梯度模值和信息熵,构建了自适应分数阶阶次的数学模型,基于该模型自动计算出分数阶的最佳阶次和微分动态模板;然后将多分辨率策略加入到自适应分数阶Active Demons算法中,进一步提高了图像配准效率.理论分析和实验结果均表明:提出的算法可用于灰度均匀、弱边缘和弱纹理图像的配准,能根据图像的局部特征自适应计算最佳分数阶阶次,并避免了算法陷入局部最优,从而提高了图像配准的精度和效率.展开更多
In recent years, some researchers have studied the paleoearthquake along the Haiyuan fault and revealed a lot of paleoearthquake events. All available information allows more reliable analysis of earthquake recurrence...In recent years, some researchers have studied the paleoearthquake along the Haiyuan fault and revealed a lot of paleoearthquake events. All available information allows more reliable analysis of earthquake recurrence interval and earthquake rupture patterns along the Haiyuan fault. Based on this paleoseismological information, the recur- rence probability and magnitude distribution for M≥6.7 earthquakes in future 100 years along the Haiyuan fault can be obtained through weighted computation by using Poisson and Brownian passage time models and consid- ering different rupture patterns. The result shows that the recurrence probability of MS≥6.7 earthquakes is about 0.035 in future 100 years along the Haiyuan fault.展开更多
The solution of distributed mutual exclusion is difficult in Ad hoc networks owing to dynamic topologies and mobility. Based on the analysis of the properties of Ad hoc networks and the disadvantages of the traditiona...The solution of distributed mutual exclusion is difficult in Ad hoc networks owing to dynamic topologies and mobility. Based on the analysis of the properties of Ad hoc networks and the disadvantages of the traditional algorithms, an improved Ad hoc system model was given and a novel algorithm was presented as AHDME （Ad Hoc Distributed Mutual Exclusion）; it was based on the token-asking algorithms. It utilized broadcast to search for the token and to decrease the message complexity of multi-hop Ad hoc networks. Lamport＇s timestamp was improved to ensure the time sequence and to prevent nodes from starvation. When compared to traditional algorithms, AHDME does not require the fixed size of request queues and the global system information, which adapts itself to the frequent arrival/departures and the limited computing capability of nodes in Ad hoc networks. Performance analysis and simulation results show that the AHDME algorithm has low message complexity, small space complexity, and short response delay.展开更多
In many practical applications of image segmentation problems,employing prior information can greatly improve segmentation results.This paper continues to study one kind of prior information,called prior distribution....In many practical applications of image segmentation problems,employing prior information can greatly improve segmentation results.This paper continues to study one kind of prior information,called prior distribution.Within this research,there is no exact template of the object;instead only several samples are given.The proposed method,called the parametric distribution prior model,extends our previous model by adding the training procedure to learn the prior distribution of the objects.Then this paper establishes the energy function of the active contour model(ACM)with consideration of this parametric form of prior distribution.Therefore,during the process of segmenting,the template can update itself while the contour evolves.Experiments are performed on the airplane data set.Experimental results demonstrate the potential of the proposed method that with the information of prior distribution,the segmentation effect and speed can be both improved efficaciously.展开更多
An analytical algorithm was presented for the exact computation of the probability distribution of the project completion time in stochastic networks,where the activity durations are mutually independent and continuou...An analytical algorithm was presented for the exact computation of the probability distribution of the project completion time in stochastic networks,where the activity durations are mutually independent and continuously distributed random variables. Firstly,stochastic activity networks were modeled as continuous-time Markov process with a single absorbing state by the well-know method of supplementary variables and the time changed from the initial state to absorbing state is equal to the project completion time.Then,the Markov process was regarded as a special case of Markov skeleton process.By taking advantage of the backward equations of Markov skeleton processes,a backward algorithm was proposed to compute the probability distribution of the project completion time.Finally,a numerical example was solved to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methodology.The results show that the proposed algorithm is capable of computing the exact distribution function of the project completion time,and the expectation and variance are obtained.展开更多
基金Project(U1865203)supported by the Key Projects of the Yalong River Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(41941018,51879135)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Active fault creep slip induces deformation of rock mass buried deeply in fault zones that significantly affect the operational safety of long linear projects passing through it.Displacement distribution patterns of rock masses in active fault zones which have been investigated previously are the key design basis for such projects.Therefore,a discrete element numerical model with different fault types,slip time,dip angles,and complex geological features was established,and then the creep slip for normal,reverse,and strike-slip faults were simulated to analyze the displacement distribution in the fault rock mass.A disk rotation test system and the corresponding laboratory test method were developed for simulating rock mass displacement induced by creep slippage of faults.A series of rotation tests for softand hard-layered specimens under combined compression and torsional stress were conducted to verify the numerical results and analyze the factors influencing the displacement distribution.An S-shaped displacement distribution independent of fault dip angle was identified corresponding to reverse,normal,and strike-slip faults.The results indicated that the higher the degree of horizontal extrusion,the softer the rock mass at the fault core,and the higher the degree of displacement concentration in the fault core;about 70%of the creep slip displacement occurs within this zone under 100 years of creep slippage.
文摘Due to development of distribution systems and increase in electricity demand,the use of capacitor banks increases.From the other point of view,nonlinear loads generate and inject considerable harmonic currents into power system.Under this condition if capacitor banks are not properly selected and placed in the power system,they could amplify and propagate these harmonics and deteriorate power quality to unacceptable levels.With attention of disadvantages of passive filters,such as occurring resonance,nowadays the usage of this type of harmonic compensator is restricted.On the other side,one of parallel multi-function compensating devices which are recently used in distribution system to mitigate voltage sag and harmonic distortion,performs power factor correction,and improves the overall power quality as active power conditioner(APC).Therefore,the utilization of APC in harmonic distorted system can affect and change the optimal location and size of shunt capacitor bank under harmonic distortion condition.This paper presents an optimization algorithm for improvement of power quality using simultaneous optimal placement and sizing of APC and shunt capacitor banks in radial distribution networks in the presence of voltage and current harmonics.The algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization(PSO).The objective function includes the cost of power losses,energy losses and those of the capacitor banks and APCs.
文摘Effects of tannic acid on active aluminum species distribution in different pH tea soils in Yunnan and Jiangxi tea gardens were studied by field observation and laboratory analysis.There were 4 species of active aluminum in the tea soil,i.e.,exchangeable aluminum Al3 +,unimer hydroxyl aluminum Al(OH)2 +Al(OH)+2,acid-soluble aluminum Al(OH)03and humic-acid aluminum Al-HA.Experimental results showed that tannic acid at levels 0 ~0.4 mmol/kg and 0 ~ 2.0 mmol/kg,with the rising of soil pH value,the content of exchangeable aluminum decreased significantly,hydroxyl aluminum,acid-soluble aluminum and humic-acid aluminum were increased gently.When the concentration of tannic acid increased to above 2.0 mmol/kg,the inhibition of higher concentration of tannic acid on content of active aluminum was strengthened with the rising of soil pH value and variation law of 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer was similar to 0 ~ 20cm soil layer.Generally speaking,the content of active aluminum in upper layer of soil were more than subsoil and total content of active aluminum in Yunnan tea soils were higher than Jiangxi tea soils.The correlation analysis showed that the soil pH were positively correlated with hydroxyl aluminum,humic-acid aluminum,pHBC(r = 0.796,0.960,0.852;p < 0.01,0.01,0.01) in 0 ~ 20cm soil layer.pHBC were significant negative correlated with exchangeable aluminum(r =- 904,p < 0.01),hydroxyl aluminum(r =- 645,p < 0.05),and with humic-acid aluminum have a positive correlation,correlation coefficient was0.795(P < 0.05).Meanwhile,the tannic acid addition concentration were 0 ~ 0.4 mmol/kg soils pH were increased significantly,while samples attains a peak pH value afterwards decrease continuously,the relationship between the pH and the concentration of tannic acids accords with the equation:Y pH=- 0.04C DN+3.82(R2= 0.95,P < 0.01).When the concentration of tannic acid up to about 8.0 ~ 12.0 mmol/kg,soil pH keep unchanged.Therefore,we can clearly draw that effects of tannic acid on active aluminum content of the inflection point is not the same in different region of tea garden soil.Low concentration tannic acid can improve the soil content of various forms of aluminum,but with the increase in the amount of tannic acid,the various forms of aluminum content are inhibited.With the soil pH increased,high concentrations tannic acid on the inhibition of the release of active aluminum increased.pH and tannic acid on the total amount of active aluminum garden soil was mutual weakening effect relationship.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.NRF-2021M2E8A1038938,No.NRF-2021R1F1A1048374,and No.NRF-2016R1A3B1908336)supported by a grant of the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences(KIRAMS),funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT),Republic of Korea(No.50051—2021,No.50623—2021)。
文摘The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living organisms.It irradiates a biological sample placed in a 30×30×50 cm^(3)cell with electromagnetic waves in the 3.15-mm-wavelength region(with an output of≥1 W)and analyzes the temperature change of the sample.A vacuum electronic device-based coupled-cavity backward-wave oscillator converts the electron energy of the electron beam into radiofrequency(RF)energy and radiates it to the target through an antenna,increasing the temperature through the absorption of RF energy in the skin.The system causes pain and ultimately reduces combat power.A cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system consisting of four parts—an electromagnetic-wave generator,a highvoltage power supply,a test cell,and a system controller—generates an RF signal of≥1 W in a continuous waveform at a 95-GHz center frequency,as well as a chemical solution with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin of a living organism.An increase of 5°C lasting approximately 10 s was confirmed through an experiment.
文摘This paper investigates the effect of porosity on active damping of geometrically nonlinear vibrations(GNLV)of the magneto-electro-elastic(MEE)functionally graded(FG)plates incorporated with active treatment constricted layer damping(ATCLD)patches.The perpendicularly/slanted reinforced 1-3 piezoelectric composite(1-3 PZC)constricting layer.The constricted viscoelastic layer of the ATCLD is modeled in the time-domain using Golla-Hughes-Mc Tavish(GHM)technique.Different types of porosity distribution in the porous magneto-electro-elastic functionally graded PMEE-FG plate graded in the thickness direction.Considering the coupling effects among elasticity,electrical,and magnetic fields,a three-dimensional finite element(FE)model for the smart PMEE-FG plate is obtained by incorporating the theory of layer-wise shear deformation.The geometric nonlinearity adopts the von K arm an principle.The study presents the effects of a variant of a power-law index,porosity index,the material gradation,three types of porosity distribution,boundary conditions,and the piezoelectric fiber’s orientation angle on the control of GNLV of the PMEE-FG plates.The results reveal that the FG substrate layers’porosity significantly impacts the nonlinear behavior and damping performance of the PMEE-FG plates.
基金Joint Seismological Science Foundationof China (103034) and Major Research ″Research on Assessment of Seismic Safety″ from China Earthquake Administration during the tenth Five-year Plan.
文摘In recent years, some researchers have studied the paleoearthquake along the Haiyuan fault and revealed a lot of paleoearthquake events. All available information allows more reliable analysis of earthquake recurrence interval and earthquake rupture patterns along the Haiyuan fault. Based on this paleoseismological information, the recur- rence probability and magnitude distribution for M≥6.7 earthquakes in future 100 years along the Haiyuan fault can be obtained through weighted computation by using Poisson and Brownian passage time models and consid- ering different rupture patterns. The result shows that the recurrence probability of MS≥6.7 earthquakes is about 0.035 in future 100 years along the Haiyuan fault.
基金the Application Fundamental Research Foundation of Sichuan Province, China(04JY029-017-2)the Innovation Fund for Small Technology-based Firms China(04JY029-017-2)
文摘The solution of distributed mutual exclusion is difficult in Ad hoc networks owing to dynamic topologies and mobility. Based on the analysis of the properties of Ad hoc networks and the disadvantages of the traditional algorithms, an improved Ad hoc system model was given and a novel algorithm was presented as AHDME （Ad Hoc Distributed Mutual Exclusion）; it was based on the token-asking algorithms. It utilized broadcast to search for the token and to decrease the message complexity of multi-hop Ad hoc networks. Lamport＇s timestamp was improved to ensure the time sequence and to prevent nodes from starvation. When compared to traditional algorithms, AHDME does not require the fixed size of request queues and the global system information, which adapts itself to the frequent arrival/departures and the limited computing capability of nodes in Ad hoc networks. Performance analysis and simulation results show that the AHDME algorithm has low message complexity, small space complexity, and short response delay.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0309400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61871188)
文摘In many practical applications of image segmentation problems,employing prior information can greatly improve segmentation results.This paper continues to study one kind of prior information,called prior distribution.Within this research,there is no exact template of the object;instead only several samples are given.The proposed method,called the parametric distribution prior model,extends our previous model by adding the training procedure to learn the prior distribution of the objects.Then this paper establishes the energy function of the active contour model(ACM)with consideration of this parametric form of prior distribution.Therefore,during the process of segmenting,the template can update itself while the contour evolves.Experiments are performed on the airplane data set.Experimental results demonstrate the potential of the proposed method that with the information of prior distribution,the segmentation effect and speed can be both improved efficaciously.
基金Project(10671212) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20050533036) supported by the Specialized Research Found for the Doctoral Program Foundation of Higher Education of China
文摘An analytical algorithm was presented for the exact computation of the probability distribution of the project completion time in stochastic networks,where the activity durations are mutually independent and continuously distributed random variables. Firstly,stochastic activity networks were modeled as continuous-time Markov process with a single absorbing state by the well-know method of supplementary variables and the time changed from the initial state to absorbing state is equal to the project completion time.Then,the Markov process was regarded as a special case of Markov skeleton process.By taking advantage of the backward equations of Markov skeleton processes,a backward algorithm was proposed to compute the probability distribution of the project completion time.Finally,a numerical example was solved to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methodology.The results show that the proposed algorithm is capable of computing the exact distribution function of the project completion time,and the expectation and variance are obtained.
