Objectives: Auditory neuropathy (AN) is a sensorineural hearing disorder characterized by absent or abnormal auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and normal cochlear outer hair cell function as measured by otoacoustic ...Objectives: Auditory neuropathy (AN) is a sensorineural hearing disorder characterized by absent or abnormal auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and normal cochlear outer hair cell function as measured by otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). Many risk factors are thought to be involved in its etiology and pathophysiology. Three Chinese pedigrees with familial AN are presented herein to demonstrate involvement of genetic factors in AN etiology. Methods: Probands of the above - mentioned pedigrees, who had been diagnosed with AN, were evaluated and followed up in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China PLA General Hospital. Their family members were studied and the pedigree diagrams were established. History of illness, physical examination,pure tone audiometry, acoustic reflex, ABRs and transient evoked and distortion- product otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs and DPOAEs) were obtained from members of these families. DPOAE changes under the influence of contralateral sound stimuli were observed by presenting a set of continuous white noise to the non - recording ear to exam the function of auditory efferent system. Some subjects received vestibular caloric test, computed tomography (CT)scan of the temporal bone and electrocardiography (ECG) to exclude other possible neuropathy disorders. Results: In most affected subjects, hearing loss of various degrees and speech discrimination difficulties started at 10 to16 years of age. Their audiological evaluation showed absence of acoustic reflex and ABRs. As expected in AN, these subjects exhibited near normal cochlear outer hair cell function as shown in TEOAE & DPOAE recordings. Pure- tone audiometry revealed hearing loss ranging from mild to severe in these patients. Autosomal recessive inheritance patterns were observed in the three families. In Pedigree Ⅰ and Ⅱ, two affected brothers were found respectively, while in pedigree Ⅲ, 2 sisters were affected. All the patients were otherwise normal without evidence of peripheral neuropathy at the time of this writing. Conclusions: In this study, patients with feature of non- syndromic hereditary auditory neuropathy were identified in three Chinese families.Pedigree analysis indicates autosomal recessive inheritances in the pedigrees. The observed inheritance and clinical audiologic findings are different from those previously described for non-syndromic low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. This information should facilitate future molecular candidate genes screening for understanding the mechanism of AN.展开更多
在家蚕品种C603中发现了一种新的不眠蚕突变体。该突变体幼虫在2龄将眠初期体表有光泽,但进食量减少,蚕体基本不发育,且持续6~8 d仍然不能入眠和蜕皮,不能正常发育至3龄期,并终因体能耗尽陆续死亡。将该突变体命名为2龄不眠蚕（non-molt...在家蚕品种C603中发现了一种新的不眠蚕突变体。该突变体幼虫在2龄将眠初期体表有光泽,但进食量减少,蚕体基本不发育,且持续6~8 d仍然不能入眠和蜕皮,不能正常发育至3龄期,并终因体能耗尽陆续死亡。将该突变体命名为2龄不眠蚕（non-molting at the 2nd instar,nm2）。遗传分析显示,正常情况下发生突变体的蛾区中正常型个体与突变个体的比例约3∶1,有纯合致死现象,因此认为该突变体受1个隐性单基因控制。但是,不同季节饲养该突变系统出现的性状分离比不太稳定;与正常型品种杂交的F2、BC1F和BC1M世代其突变性状分离比率远低于25%。2龄第2天添食蜕皮激素能拯救2龄不眠蚕向正常发育转变,但不能改变不眠蚕的遗传特性。在nm2突变体检测到蜕皮激素合成相关基因cyp307a2的表达,而在与该突变体表型相似的nm-g突变体中未检测到该基因的表达,因此判断nm2是一个新的突变体,并初步推测蚕体内蜕皮激素水平低是nm2突变体产生的重要生理因素。展开更多
目的分析一个中国人先天性眼外肌纤维化(congenital fibrosis of extraocularmuscles,CFEOM)家系的临床表型,并通过基因连锁分析的方法对该家系的致病基因进行定位研究。方法收集一个CFEOM家系,对家系所有成员进行详细的临床检查。确定...目的分析一个中国人先天性眼外肌纤维化(congenital fibrosis of extraocularmuscles,CFEOM)家系的临床表型,并通过基因连锁分析的方法对该家系的致病基因进行定位研究。方法收集一个CFEOM家系,对家系所有成员进行详细的临床检查。确定其临床表型及遗传方式后,在位于11号染色体的已知CFEOM基因附近选取微卫星标记物进行连锁分析。运用MILINK软件计算最大优势对数LOD值。结果该家系的遗传方式为常染色体隐性遗传,家系中的5例患者均表现为典型的眼外肌纤维化特征。与该家系连锁的染色体微卫星标记物为D11S4151和D11S1320,其最大的LOD值为1.21。结论此家系为常染色体隐性遗传型CFEOM2型,其致病基因位于11号染色体的D11S4151和D11S1320之间,位于该区间内的已知基因PHOX2A/ARIX的突变可能是导致该家系致病的分子基础。展开更多
基金a grant from the National High Tech Development Project(2001AA221092)and by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7011004)and Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Project(No.H010210160119)grants
文摘Objectives: Auditory neuropathy (AN) is a sensorineural hearing disorder characterized by absent or abnormal auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and normal cochlear outer hair cell function as measured by otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). Many risk factors are thought to be involved in its etiology and pathophysiology. Three Chinese pedigrees with familial AN are presented herein to demonstrate involvement of genetic factors in AN etiology. Methods: Probands of the above - mentioned pedigrees, who had been diagnosed with AN, were evaluated and followed up in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China PLA General Hospital. Their family members were studied and the pedigree diagrams were established. History of illness, physical examination,pure tone audiometry, acoustic reflex, ABRs and transient evoked and distortion- product otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs and DPOAEs) were obtained from members of these families. DPOAE changes under the influence of contralateral sound stimuli were observed by presenting a set of continuous white noise to the non - recording ear to exam the function of auditory efferent system. Some subjects received vestibular caloric test, computed tomography (CT)scan of the temporal bone and electrocardiography (ECG) to exclude other possible neuropathy disorders. Results: In most affected subjects, hearing loss of various degrees and speech discrimination difficulties started at 10 to16 years of age. Their audiological evaluation showed absence of acoustic reflex and ABRs. As expected in AN, these subjects exhibited near normal cochlear outer hair cell function as shown in TEOAE & DPOAE recordings. Pure- tone audiometry revealed hearing loss ranging from mild to severe in these patients. Autosomal recessive inheritance patterns were observed in the three families. In Pedigree Ⅰ and Ⅱ, two affected brothers were found respectively, while in pedigree Ⅲ, 2 sisters were affected. All the patients were otherwise normal without evidence of peripheral neuropathy at the time of this writing. Conclusions: In this study, patients with feature of non- syndromic hereditary auditory neuropathy were identified in three Chinese families.Pedigree analysis indicates autosomal recessive inheritances in the pedigrees. The observed inheritance and clinical audiologic findings are different from those previously described for non-syndromic low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. This information should facilitate future molecular candidate genes screening for understanding the mechanism of AN.
文摘在家蚕品种C603中发现了一种新的不眠蚕突变体。该突变体幼虫在2龄将眠初期体表有光泽,但进食量减少,蚕体基本不发育,且持续6~8 d仍然不能入眠和蜕皮,不能正常发育至3龄期,并终因体能耗尽陆续死亡。将该突变体命名为2龄不眠蚕（non-molting at the 2nd instar,nm2）。遗传分析显示,正常情况下发生突变体的蛾区中正常型个体与突变个体的比例约3∶1,有纯合致死现象,因此认为该突变体受1个隐性单基因控制。但是,不同季节饲养该突变系统出现的性状分离比不太稳定;与正常型品种杂交的F2、BC1F和BC1M世代其突变性状分离比率远低于25%。2龄第2天添食蜕皮激素能拯救2龄不眠蚕向正常发育转变,但不能改变不眠蚕的遗传特性。在nm2突变体检测到蜕皮激素合成相关基因cyp307a2的表达,而在与该突变体表型相似的nm-g突变体中未检测到该基因的表达,因此判断nm2是一个新的突变体,并初步推测蚕体内蜕皮激素水平低是nm2突变体产生的重要生理因素。
文摘为了更好地理解水稻早熟性的遗传机制,对隐性早熟突变体ref进行了遗传分析和基因定位。突变体ref对光周期不敏感,与6个晚熟品种(系)杂交F1代均为晚熟。ref×嘉禾218 F2分离群体抽穗期呈现连续双峰分布,早抽穗和晚抽穗之比符合1∶3的分离比,表明ref早熟性主要受1对隐性早熟基因控制。F2群体中1 005株早熟和晚熟单株组成定位群体,混合基因池分析发现5号染色体上SSR标记RM7302和RM3853与突变体ref早熟基因连锁。构建5号染色体的连锁图谱,进行表型和标记基因型的连锁分析,进一步确认突变体ref早熟基因定位在标记RM7302和RM3853之间18.32 c M的遗传区间内。
文摘目的分析一个中国人先天性眼外肌纤维化(congenital fibrosis of extraocularmuscles,CFEOM)家系的临床表型,并通过基因连锁分析的方法对该家系的致病基因进行定位研究。方法收集一个CFEOM家系,对家系所有成员进行详细的临床检查。确定其临床表型及遗传方式后,在位于11号染色体的已知CFEOM基因附近选取微卫星标记物进行连锁分析。运用MILINK软件计算最大优势对数LOD值。结果该家系的遗传方式为常染色体隐性遗传,家系中的5例患者均表现为典型的眼外肌纤维化特征。与该家系连锁的染色体微卫星标记物为D11S4151和D11S1320,其最大的LOD值为1.21。结论此家系为常染色体隐性遗传型CFEOM2型,其致病基因位于11号染色体的D11S4151和D11S1320之间,位于该区间内的已知基因PHOX2A/ARIX的突变可能是导致该家系致病的分子基础。
