With the purpose of enhancing effective collaboration between architects and structural engineers in the building design field, an integration tool was developed for supporting information exchange from architectural ...With the purpose of enhancing effective collaboration between architects and structural engineers in the building design field, an integration tool was developed for supporting information exchange from architectural model to structural model. The PKPM （Bopomofo acronym, a Chinese building design software） structural model and an industry foundation classes （IFC） data model were adopted and analyzed to design the framework of the integration tool. The technique of mixed program languages （C＋＋ and FORTRAN） was applied to developing the tool software, and the connectivity relationships and intersection nodes between the structural elements were optimized and simplified. A case study was implemented to illustrate the method to use the integration tool for information exchange from IFC-format architectural model to PKPM structural model. The results show that the tool can extract the information of architectural model and form a corresponding structural model. The presented method can help to enhance the modeline efficiency at the structural design phase.展开更多
An essential step for the realization of free-form surface structures is to create an efficient structural gird that satisfies not only the architectural aesthetics,but also the structural performance.Employing the ma...An essential step for the realization of free-form surface structures is to create an efficient structural gird that satisfies not only the architectural aesthetics,but also the structural performance.Employing the main stress trajectories as the representation of force flows on a free-form surface,an automatic grid generation approach is proposed for the architectural design.The algorithm automatically plots the main stress trajectories on a 3D free-form surface,and adopts a modified advancing front meshing technique to generate the structural grid.Based on the proposed algorithm,an automatic grid generator named "St-Surmesh" is developed for the practical architectural design of free-form surface structure.The surface geometry of one of the Sun Valleys in Expo Axis for the Expo Shanghai 2010 is selected as a numerical example for validating the proposed approach.Comparative studies are performed to demonstrate how different structural grids affect the design of a free-form surface structure.展开更多
为保障复杂装备技术状态管理的有效集成和多方协同,实现技术状态管理业务数据的双重有序管控,提出基于领域系统(domain system,DS)的建模架构和设计方法。通过引入基于模式的系统工程(pattern-based system engineering,PBSE)框架,构建...为保障复杂装备技术状态管理的有效集成和多方协同,实现技术状态管理业务数据的双重有序管控,提出基于领域系统(domain system,DS)的建模架构和设计方法。通过引入基于模式的系统工程(pattern-based system engineering,PBSE)框架,构建基于DS的复杂装备技术状态管理基本架构,设计DS元模型、DS模型、DS模式的建模方法,将国防部体系架构元模型(Department of Defense Architecture framework metamodel,DM2)进行复杂装备技术状态管理领域化重组为DS元模型,并通过领域元数据映射为DS模型,使其有序组织为适用于具体装备技术状态管理的DS模式。为验证所提方法的有效性,以运载火箭结构系统多视图物料清单(X bill of material,XBOM)为案例,开展基于DS的技术状态管理应用。结果表明,所提方法可为其技术状态管理提供兼具建模的一致性和可追溯性的实施方案,为复杂装备技术状态管理的领域模型配置提供指导性思路。展开更多
【目的】绿化资源配置是城市公共空间优化的重要环节之一,对居民生活质量的提升有着积极的作用。城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)能够反映街道绿化在行人视觉环境中的整体特征,研究USGGS聚类对于...【目的】绿化资源配置是城市公共空间优化的重要环节之一,对居民生活质量的提升有着积极的作用。城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)能够反映街道绿化在行人视觉环境中的整体特征,研究USGGS聚类对于物质空间要素数量以及物质空间形态的改变,能够有效探究街道绿化对行人视觉感知水平的影响。【方法】采用百度街景数据,利用DeepLabV3+神经网络模型,对天津市市内六区街道的物质空间要素进行分割,使用ArcGIS软件对空间分布特征进行可视化处理,结合数理统计分析结果,探讨USGGS与行人视觉感知之间的关系。【结果】USGGS聚类呈现向心聚集型的空间分布特征,城市主干道及快速路的行人视觉感知空间分布特征较为同质化,空间异质化现象集中出现在街道断面狭窄的生活型街道以及商业型街道。不同聚类的USGGS不仅对行人视觉感知有不同程度的影响,也与场所属性以及绿化空间位置密切相关。【结论】提升城市街道环境质量需要考虑行人视觉感知水平。合理的USGGS配置以及适当的种植点位能够更好地适应周围场所的属性,促进城市公共空间与城市街道绿化的有机融合,助推城市更新工作的精细化管理,提升城市人居环境质量。展开更多
基金Project(2006BAJ01B01-01) supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period
文摘With the purpose of enhancing effective collaboration between architects and structural engineers in the building design field, an integration tool was developed for supporting information exchange from architectural model to structural model. The PKPM （Bopomofo acronym, a Chinese building design software） structural model and an industry foundation classes （IFC） data model were adopted and analyzed to design the framework of the integration tool. The technique of mixed program languages （C＋＋ and FORTRAN） was applied to developing the tool software, and the connectivity relationships and intersection nodes between the structural elements were optimized and simplified. A case study was implemented to illustrate the method to use the integration tool for information exchange from IFC-format architectural model to PKPM structural model. The results show that the tool can extract the information of architectural model and form a corresponding structural model. The presented method can help to enhance the modeline efficiency at the structural design phase.
基金Project(51378457)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘An essential step for the realization of free-form surface structures is to create an efficient structural gird that satisfies not only the architectural aesthetics,but also the structural performance.Employing the main stress trajectories as the representation of force flows on a free-form surface,an automatic grid generation approach is proposed for the architectural design.The algorithm automatically plots the main stress trajectories on a 3D free-form surface,and adopts a modified advancing front meshing technique to generate the structural grid.Based on the proposed algorithm,an automatic grid generator named "St-Surmesh" is developed for the practical architectural design of free-form surface structure.The surface geometry of one of the Sun Valleys in Expo Axis for the Expo Shanghai 2010 is selected as a numerical example for validating the proposed approach.Comparative studies are performed to demonstrate how different structural grids affect the design of a free-form surface structure.
文摘为保障复杂装备技术状态管理的有效集成和多方协同,实现技术状态管理业务数据的双重有序管控,提出基于领域系统(domain system,DS)的建模架构和设计方法。通过引入基于模式的系统工程(pattern-based system engineering,PBSE)框架,构建基于DS的复杂装备技术状态管理基本架构,设计DS元模型、DS模型、DS模式的建模方法,将国防部体系架构元模型(Department of Defense Architecture framework metamodel,DM2)进行复杂装备技术状态管理领域化重组为DS元模型,并通过领域元数据映射为DS模型,使其有序组织为适用于具体装备技术状态管理的DS模式。为验证所提方法的有效性,以运载火箭结构系统多视图物料清单(X bill of material,XBOM)为案例,开展基于DS的技术状态管理应用。结果表明,所提方法可为其技术状态管理提供兼具建模的一致性和可追溯性的实施方案,为复杂装备技术状态管理的领域模型配置提供指导性思路。
文摘【目的】绿化资源配置是城市公共空间优化的重要环节之一,对居民生活质量的提升有着积极的作用。城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)能够反映街道绿化在行人视觉环境中的整体特征,研究USGGS聚类对于物质空间要素数量以及物质空间形态的改变,能够有效探究街道绿化对行人视觉感知水平的影响。【方法】采用百度街景数据,利用DeepLabV3+神经网络模型,对天津市市内六区街道的物质空间要素进行分割,使用ArcGIS软件对空间分布特征进行可视化处理,结合数理统计分析结果,探讨USGGS与行人视觉感知之间的关系。【结果】USGGS聚类呈现向心聚集型的空间分布特征,城市主干道及快速路的行人视觉感知空间分布特征较为同质化,空间异质化现象集中出现在街道断面狭窄的生活型街道以及商业型街道。不同聚类的USGGS不仅对行人视觉感知有不同程度的影响,也与场所属性以及绿化空间位置密切相关。【结论】提升城市街道环境质量需要考虑行人视觉感知水平。合理的USGGS配置以及适当的种植点位能够更好地适应周围场所的属性,促进城市公共空间与城市街道绿化的有机融合,助推城市更新工作的精细化管理,提升城市人居环境质量。
