Throughout the past years, the important role of translators has always been overlooked. The invisibility was even taken as one of the standards of a good translator. However, great change happens, especially after th...Throughout the past years, the important role of translators has always been overlooked. The invisibility was even taken as one of the standards of a good translator. However, great change happens, especially after the"culture turn"in translation study and the role of the translators has been laid emphasis on. This kind of sharp change has led to two extreme thoughts on this issue: scholars choose either total invisibility or complete subjectivity. This paper puts forward an inter-subjective system, in which the subjectivity should be emphasized only with constraints. The other subjects in the inter-subjective system contribute to the restriction of the subjectivity of the translator during the translation process.By writing this paper, the author wishes to present a comprehensive and balanced way of understanding translators' subjectivity. Therefore, no matter analyzing the translation process or evaluating translation products, people will be more objective towards the role of translators.展开更多
Urban energy systems(UESs)play a pivotal role in the consumption of clean energy and the promotion of energy cascade utilization.In the context of the construction and operation strategy of UESs with multiple compleme...Urban energy systems(UESs)play a pivotal role in the consumption of clean energy and the promotion of energy cascade utilization.In the context of the construction and operation strategy of UESs with multiple complementary energy resources,a comprehensive assessment of the energy efficiency is of paramount importance.First,a multi-dimensional evaluation system with four primary indexes of energy utilization,environmental protection,system operation,and economic efficiency and 21 secondary indexes is constructed to comprehensively portray the UES.Considering that the evaluation system may contain a large number of indexes and that there is overlapping information among them,an energy efficiency evaluation method based on data processing,dimensionality reduction,integration of combined weights,and gray correlation analysis is proposed.This method can effectively reduce the number of calculations and improve the accuracy of energy efficiency assessments.Third,a demonstration project for a UES in China is presented.The energy efficiency of each scenario is assessed using six operational scenarios.The results show that Scenario 5,in which parks operate independently and investors build shared energy-storage equipment,has the best results and is best suited for green and low-carbon development.The results of the comparative assessment methods show that the proposed method provides a good energy efficiency assessment.This study provides a reference for the optimal planning,construction,and operation of UESs with multiple energy sources.展开更多
English and Chinese belong to different language families,employing two distinct syntactic systems.English is subject-prominent,following the pattern of subject first,then predicate;while Chinese is topic-prominent,sh...English and Chinese belong to different language families,employing two distinct syntactic systems.English is subject-prominent,following the pattern of subject first,then predicate;while Chinese is topic-prominent,showing much flexibility in word arrangement as well as the necessity of subject and predicate.展开更多
Translation is an activity aimed at transferring the source language to the target language,related to many aspects involving culture,society,history and so on.The translator plays a critical role in translation pract...Translation is an activity aimed at transferring the source language to the target language,related to many aspects involving culture,society,history and so on.The translator plays a critical role in translation practice.Xu Jun considers"translator’s subjectivity should be reflected to be artistic personal consciousness in translated works."Translator’s differences in age,gender,personal traits,educational level and other aspects make translation artistry completely divergent.Therefore,translator’s subjectivity shoulders great significances on the success of literary translation,which isn’t arbitrary,out of control,must be conducted in line with essence of the original work.This paper focuses on the gender difference of translator’s subjectivity in literary translation,hoping to find a way of eliminating the influence of it in the translation work.展开更多
Science and technology translation involves various industries and professions,with its own system of terminology and unique language features.For a translator,who is not a professional scientist or technician,it seem...Science and technology translation involves various industries and professions,with its own system of terminology and unique language features.For a translator,who is not a professional scientist or technician,it seems to be difficult to do science and technology translation accurately and properly.Consequently,it is necessary for the translator to give play to his subjectivity when translating science and technology documents or related interpretation:searching for related data to replenish necessary professional knowledge,consulting with professional technicians actively to clarify the jargon and common sayings,and thinking critically to scrutiny the source text.展开更多
Seeking the legitimacy of representing themselves is one of the major missions that Chinese American writer Kingston sends on her main characters in her novels. To voice his minority subjectivities, Wittman Ah Sing, t...Seeking the legitimacy of representing themselves is one of the major missions that Chinese American writer Kingston sends on her main characters in her novels. To voice his minority subjectivities, Wittman Ah Sing, the protagonist in Tripmaster Monkey: His Fake Book, needs to protest the emasculated stereotype culturally applied to him, a Chinese American man, in a way of changing his identities. This multiple-faced Wittman Ah Sing manifests Kingston's objection to any singular or fixed subjectivity of Chinese Americans in her anti-racist posture.展开更多
Linguistic subjectivity is pervasive in almost all the utterances.Language without speaker's affect,judgment and view point doesn't exist.Idioms constitute one important part of the language and culture.Knowin...Linguistic subjectivity is pervasive in almost all the utterances.Language without speaker's affect,judgment and view point doesn't exist.Idioms constitute one important part of the language and culture.Knowing a language includes knowing idioms in that language.Variation is one important aspect to idiom.Different from ordinary phrases,idioms tend to be frozen in form and meaning and don't allow change in structure and meaning.However,variation is one important aspect to idiom.The words of some idioms can be moved orsubsti tuted by other words.The syntactic structure of idioms can be altered.Some idioms function as normal sequence of grammatical words.They have changes in tense and aspect.All these changes contribute to the creation of idiom variation.Speakers create new idiom out of the original ones by modifying the original idiom to convey extra meanings.Idiom variations are the results of people's creative use of language.展开更多
The translator, as the main body of a translation, has been in an invisible and ignored state for a long time. The position of the translator has been improved and the role of the translator has begun to be recognized...The translator, as the main body of a translation, has been in an invisible and ignored state for a long time. The position of the translator has been improved and the role of the translator has begun to be recognized since the field of translation studies multifaceted and deepened. In order to analyze the translator's subjectivity better, the thesis states comprehensive definitions of the translator's subjectivity and uses Wolf Totem as a case study, whose author is Jiang Rong and the translator is Howard Goldblatt, to show that how the translator Howard Goldblatt utilizes his subjectivity in the translation process.展开更多
This paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of security problems in mobile agent systems, and analyzes and compares the security mechanisms and security technologies of existing mobile agent systems from the per...This paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of security problems in mobile agent systems, and analyzes and compares the security mechanisms and security technologies of existing mobile agent systems from the perspective of blocking attacks. On this basis, the host protection mobile agent protection technology is selected, and a method to enhance the security protection of mobile agents (referred to as IEOP method) is proposed. The method first encrypts the mobile agent code using the encryption function, and then encapsulates the encrypted mobile agent with the improved EOP protocol IEOP, and then traces the suspicious execution result. Experiments show that using this method can block most malicious attacks on mobile agents, and can protect the integrity and confidentiality of mobile agents, but the increment of mobile agent tour time is not large.展开更多
Background Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most commonly abused illicit psychostimulant drugs and MA use disorder constitutes a universal health concern across the world. Despite many intervention approaches to MA ...Background Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most commonly abused illicit psychostimulant drugs and MA use disorder constitutes a universal health concern across the world. Despite many intervention approaches to MA use disorder, the indicator of addiction severity is mainly limited to subjective craving score to drug-related cues, which is influenced by many factors such as social approval and self-masking. Aim The present study investigates whether self-reported craving for drug use in response to MA cues is a reliable indicator for addiction severity in MA users, and then tests the validity of the cue-induced attention bias test in addiction severity assessment. Methods Fifty-two male MA users completed the cueinduced craving test and attention bias task, and were required to report clinical characteristics of addiction severity. For the attention bias test, subjects were required to discriminate the letter superimposed onto MA userelated or neutral scenes. The reaction time delay during MA-use condition relative to neutral condition was used as an index of the attention bias. Results The results showed that 24 of the 52 MA users rated non-zero in cue-induced craving test, and they showed a significant attention bias to drug-related pictures. However, the other 28 users who rated zero in cue-induced craving evaluation showed a similar attention bias to drug-related cues. In addition, the attention bias to MA use-related cues was significantly and positively correlated with the clinical indexes of addiction severity, but the relationship was absent between subjective craving evaluation and the indexes of addiction severity. Conclusion These results suggest that attention bias to MA cues may be a more reliable indicator than experiential craving report, especially when subjective craving is measured in the compulsory rehabilitation centre.展开更多
This paper puts forward the concept of double semi-active vibration isolation systemutilizing the 'on-off' active damper and the 'on-off' active spring. Applying KBM Asympto-tic method, the vibration ...This paper puts forward the concept of double semi-active vibration isolation systemutilizing the 'on-off' active damper and the 'on-off' active spring. Applying KBM Asympto-tic method, the vibration of the system in case of weak semi-active control is studied. ln pcactice, there are two types of vibration isolation. One is to isolate the transmitting of the cyclicunbalanced force generated by the revolving machine to the surroundings. The other is to isolatethe transmitting of the vibration displacement of the surroundings to precise equipment. Deduc-ing the influence of the roadway unflatness on vehicles also belongs to this type. For the firsttype of isolation system, the damper always dissipates energy, and the total work done by the spring in a vibration cycle is zero. For the second type of isolation system, the work done by the damper sometimes is positive, and sometimes negative. The damper dissipates less energy. The work done by the spring in a vibration cycle isn't zero, and it is usually positive. ln thispaper, the vibration isolation is refered to the second type. .展开更多
Virtual reality(VR) environment can provide immersive experience to viewers.Under the VR environment, providing a good quality of experience is extremely important.Therefore, in this paper, we present an image quality...Virtual reality(VR) environment can provide immersive experience to viewers.Under the VR environment, providing a good quality of experience is extremely important.Therefore, in this paper, we present an image quality assessment(IQA) study on omnidirectional images. We first build an omnidirectional IQA(OIQA) database, including 16 source images with their corresponding 320 distorted images. We add four commonly encountered distortions. These distortions are JPEG compression, JPEG2000 compression, Gaussian blur, and Gaussian noise. Then we conduct a subjective quality evaluation study in the VR environment based on the OIQA database. Considering that visual attention is more important in VR environment, head and eye movement data are also tracked and collected during the quality rating experiments. The 16 raw and their corresponding distorted images,subjective quality assessment scores, and the head-orientation data and eye-gaze data together constitute the OIQA database. Based on the OIQA database, we test some state-of-the-art full-reference IQA(FR-IQA) measures on equirectangular format or cubic formatomnidirectional images. The results show that applying FR-IQA metrics on cubic format omnidirectional images could improve their performance. The performance of some FR-IQA metrics combining the saliency weight of three different types are also tested based on our database. Some new phenomena different from traditional IQA are observed.展开更多
The Story of an Hour was published in 1894 and it is the best one in Chopin's short stories.Translation versions of The Story of an Hour by Shen Dan,Jin Li and Zhang Qiang are analysed and compared in this paper i...The Story of an Hour was published in 1894 and it is the best one in Chopin's short stories.Translation versions of The Story of an Hour by Shen Dan,Jin Li and Zhang Qiang are analysed and compared in this paper in order to show that the subjectivity of the translators is very important and has great influence on the translation version.展开更多
文摘Throughout the past years, the important role of translators has always been overlooked. The invisibility was even taken as one of the standards of a good translator. However, great change happens, especially after the"culture turn"in translation study and the role of the translators has been laid emphasis on. This kind of sharp change has led to two extreme thoughts on this issue: scholars choose either total invisibility or complete subjectivity. This paper puts forward an inter-subjective system, in which the subjectivity should be emphasized only with constraints. The other subjects in the inter-subjective system contribute to the restriction of the subjectivity of the translator during the translation process.By writing this paper, the author wishes to present a comprehensive and balanced way of understanding translators' subjectivity. Therefore, no matter analyzing the translation process or evaluating translation products, people will be more objective towards the role of translators.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51567002 and Grant 50767001.
文摘Urban energy systems(UESs)play a pivotal role in the consumption of clean energy and the promotion of energy cascade utilization.In the context of the construction and operation strategy of UESs with multiple complementary energy resources,a comprehensive assessment of the energy efficiency is of paramount importance.First,a multi-dimensional evaluation system with four primary indexes of energy utilization,environmental protection,system operation,and economic efficiency and 21 secondary indexes is constructed to comprehensively portray the UES.Considering that the evaluation system may contain a large number of indexes and that there is overlapping information among them,an energy efficiency evaluation method based on data processing,dimensionality reduction,integration of combined weights,and gray correlation analysis is proposed.This method can effectively reduce the number of calculations and improve the accuracy of energy efficiency assessments.Third,a demonstration project for a UES in China is presented.The energy efficiency of each scenario is assessed using six operational scenarios.The results show that Scenario 5,in which parks operate independently and investors build shared energy-storage equipment,has the best results and is best suited for green and low-carbon development.The results of the comparative assessment methods show that the proposed method provides a good energy efficiency assessment.This study provides a reference for the optimal planning,construction,and operation of UESs with multiple energy sources.
文摘English and Chinese belong to different language families,employing two distinct syntactic systems.English is subject-prominent,following the pattern of subject first,then predicate;while Chinese is topic-prominent,showing much flexibility in word arrangement as well as the necessity of subject and predicate.
文摘Translation is an activity aimed at transferring the source language to the target language,related to many aspects involving culture,society,history and so on.The translator plays a critical role in translation practice.Xu Jun considers"translator’s subjectivity should be reflected to be artistic personal consciousness in translated works."Translator’s differences in age,gender,personal traits,educational level and other aspects make translation artistry completely divergent.Therefore,translator’s subjectivity shoulders great significances on the success of literary translation,which isn’t arbitrary,out of control,must be conducted in line with essence of the original work.This paper focuses on the gender difference of translator’s subjectivity in literary translation,hoping to find a way of eliminating the influence of it in the translation work.
文摘Science and technology translation involves various industries and professions,with its own system of terminology and unique language features.For a translator,who is not a professional scientist or technician,it seems to be difficult to do science and technology translation accurately and properly.Consequently,it is necessary for the translator to give play to his subjectivity when translating science and technology documents or related interpretation:searching for related data to replenish necessary professional knowledge,consulting with professional technicians actively to clarify the jargon and common sayings,and thinking critically to scrutiny the source text.
文摘Seeking the legitimacy of representing themselves is one of the major missions that Chinese American writer Kingston sends on her main characters in her novels. To voice his minority subjectivities, Wittman Ah Sing, the protagonist in Tripmaster Monkey: His Fake Book, needs to protest the emasculated stereotype culturally applied to him, a Chinese American man, in a way of changing his identities. This multiple-faced Wittman Ah Sing manifests Kingston's objection to any singular or fixed subjectivity of Chinese Americans in her anti-racist posture.
文摘Linguistic subjectivity is pervasive in almost all the utterances.Language without speaker's affect,judgment and view point doesn't exist.Idioms constitute one important part of the language and culture.Knowing a language includes knowing idioms in that language.Variation is one important aspect to idiom.Different from ordinary phrases,idioms tend to be frozen in form and meaning and don't allow change in structure and meaning.However,variation is one important aspect to idiom.The words of some idioms can be moved orsubsti tuted by other words.The syntactic structure of idioms can be altered.Some idioms function as normal sequence of grammatical words.They have changes in tense and aspect.All these changes contribute to the creation of idiom variation.Speakers create new idiom out of the original ones by modifying the original idiom to convey extra meanings.Idiom variations are the results of people's creative use of language.
文摘The translator, as the main body of a translation, has been in an invisible and ignored state for a long time. The position of the translator has been improved and the role of the translator has begun to be recognized since the field of translation studies multifaceted and deepened. In order to analyze the translator's subjectivity better, the thesis states comprehensive definitions of the translator's subjectivity and uses Wolf Totem as a case study, whose author is Jiang Rong and the translator is Howard Goldblatt, to show that how the translator Howard Goldblatt utilizes his subjectivity in the translation process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61772196 61472136)+3 种基金the Hunan Provincial Focus Social Science Fund (2016ZDB006)Hunan Provincial Social Science Achievement Review Committee results appraisal identification project (Xiang social assessment 2016JD05)Key Project of Hunan Provincial Social Science Achievement Review Committee (XSP 19ZD1005)the financial support provided by the Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for New Retail Virtual Reality Technology (2017TP1026)
文摘This paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of security problems in mobile agent systems, and analyzes and compares the security mechanisms and security technologies of existing mobile agent systems from the perspective of blocking attacks. On this basis, the host protection mobile agent protection technology is selected, and a method to enhance the security protection of mobile agents (referred to as IEOP method) is proposed. The method first encrypts the mobile agent code using the encryption function, and then encapsulates the encrypted mobile agent with the improved EOP protocol IEOP, and then traces the suspicious execution result. Experiments show that using this method can block most malicious attacks on mobile agents, and can protect the integrity and confidentiality of mobile agents, but the increment of mobile agent tour time is not large.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 3187110331671164).
文摘Background Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most commonly abused illicit psychostimulant drugs and MA use disorder constitutes a universal health concern across the world. Despite many intervention approaches to MA use disorder, the indicator of addiction severity is mainly limited to subjective craving score to drug-related cues, which is influenced by many factors such as social approval and self-masking. Aim The present study investigates whether self-reported craving for drug use in response to MA cues is a reliable indicator for addiction severity in MA users, and then tests the validity of the cue-induced attention bias test in addiction severity assessment. Methods Fifty-two male MA users completed the cueinduced craving test and attention bias task, and were required to report clinical characteristics of addiction severity. For the attention bias test, subjects were required to discriminate the letter superimposed onto MA userelated or neutral scenes. The reaction time delay during MA-use condition relative to neutral condition was used as an index of the attention bias. Results The results showed that 24 of the 52 MA users rated non-zero in cue-induced craving test, and they showed a significant attention bias to drug-related pictures. However, the other 28 users who rated zero in cue-induced craving evaluation showed a similar attention bias to drug-related cues. In addition, the attention bias to MA use-related cues was significantly and positively correlated with the clinical indexes of addiction severity, but the relationship was absent between subjective craving evaluation and the indexes of addiction severity. Conclusion These results suggest that attention bias to MA cues may be a more reliable indicator than experiential craving report, especially when subjective craving is measured in the compulsory rehabilitation centre.
文摘This paper puts forward the concept of double semi-active vibration isolation systemutilizing the 'on-off' active damper and the 'on-off' active spring. Applying KBM Asympto-tic method, the vibration of the system in case of weak semi-active control is studied. ln pcactice, there are two types of vibration isolation. One is to isolate the transmitting of the cyclicunbalanced force generated by the revolving machine to the surroundings. The other is to isolatethe transmitting of the vibration displacement of the surroundings to precise equipment. Deduc-ing the influence of the roadway unflatness on vehicles also belongs to this type. For the firsttype of isolation system, the damper always dissipates energy, and the total work done by the spring in a vibration cycle is zero. For the second type of isolation system, the work done by the damper sometimes is positive, and sometimes negative. The damper dissipates less energy. The work done by the spring in a vibration cycle isn't zero, and it is usually positive. ln thispaper, the vibration isolation is refered to the second type. .
文摘Virtual reality(VR) environment can provide immersive experience to viewers.Under the VR environment, providing a good quality of experience is extremely important.Therefore, in this paper, we present an image quality assessment(IQA) study on omnidirectional images. We first build an omnidirectional IQA(OIQA) database, including 16 source images with their corresponding 320 distorted images. We add four commonly encountered distortions. These distortions are JPEG compression, JPEG2000 compression, Gaussian blur, and Gaussian noise. Then we conduct a subjective quality evaluation study in the VR environment based on the OIQA database. Considering that visual attention is more important in VR environment, head and eye movement data are also tracked and collected during the quality rating experiments. The 16 raw and their corresponding distorted images,subjective quality assessment scores, and the head-orientation data and eye-gaze data together constitute the OIQA database. Based on the OIQA database, we test some state-of-the-art full-reference IQA(FR-IQA) measures on equirectangular format or cubic formatomnidirectional images. The results show that applying FR-IQA metrics on cubic format omnidirectional images could improve their performance. The performance of some FR-IQA metrics combining the saliency weight of three different types are also tested based on our database. Some new phenomena different from traditional IQA are observed.
文摘The Story of an Hour was published in 1894 and it is the best one in Chopin's short stories.Translation versions of The Story of an Hour by Shen Dan,Jin Li and Zhang Qiang are analysed and compared in this paper in order to show that the subjectivity of the translators is very important and has great influence on the translation version.
