Distinction of predator＇s diet and prey choice preference is a hot topic of current investigations. Spider being generalist predator and cosmopoliter in nature acts as biological control agent in many agro-ecosystems...Distinction of predator＇s diet and prey choice preference is a hot topic of current investigations. Spider being generalist predator and cosmopoliter in nature acts as biological control agent in many agro-ecosystems. In the current study, predatory efficacy of five spiders （Pardosa birmanica, Cyclosa insulana, Thomisus projectus, Plexippus paykulli and Lycosa terrestris） inhabiting the cotton fieldevaluated in the laboratory conditions maintained at （27＋2）℃ temperature, 65%-5% relative humidity and 12 ： 12 h of light and dark photoperiod. Four key cotton pests＇ viz. Bemisiatabaci, Amrascaderastans Thripstabaci and Helicoverpa armigera were utilized in the choice and no-choice predatory studies. The findings of current investigation revealed that each predatory spider utilized at least one pest species. Predation rate was found higher in the no-choice predation because of unavailability of substitutes feeding source. The investigation also indicated each predatory spider killed more pests than consumed. The findings of this study support the predatory role of spiders in controlling the cotton major pests.展开更多
Spiders for the present study were collected from different fruit gardens（i.e. citrus） located at various localities（i.e., Tehsil Samundri, Jaranwala, Tandlianwala and Faisalabad） of District Faisalabad, Pakistan....Spiders for the present study were collected from different fruit gardens（i.e. citrus） located at various localities（i.e., Tehsil Samundri, Jaranwala, Tandlianwala and Faisalabad） of District Faisalabad, Pakistan. Spiders belonging to six families and 33 species were captured from the two fruit gardens during the one year of this study. The citrus fruits garden was found to be best populated habitat as compared to other fruit garden. These sites were sampled by using pitfall traps; each month for five consecutive days from September 2010 to March 2011. As a result, 1 054 specimens were captured representing six families viz： lycosidae, thomosidae, gnaphosidae, saltisidae, araneidae and clubionidae. Lycosidae was more abundant, while clubionidae was less diverse during the study. Maximum population fluctuation among the spider specimens showed during the months from September and October, while the least abundance of spider specimens was reordered during June, November and December. Maximum taxonomic diversity was recorded from September to November, with the peak in September. It was concluded during these three months, when the citrus and guava gardens were attacked by the most of the pest insects. During the months of July and November diversity was moderate and mutually comparable, while in June and December, it was the least. This study contributed to the identification of spider diversity in the agro-ecosystem which could be used in the biological pest control.展开更多
背景作为脑卒中患者康复效果的重要评定指标之一,社会参与逐渐受到关注,了解脑卒中患者对社会参与的认知和经历有利于帮助脑卒中患者快速康复、回归家庭并重新融入社会,但单一的质性研究结果可能不具有概括性和代表性。目的通过Meta整...背景作为脑卒中患者康复效果的重要评定指标之一,社会参与逐渐受到关注,了解脑卒中患者对社会参与的认知和经历有利于帮助脑卒中患者快速康复、回归家庭并重新融入社会,但单一的质性研究结果可能不具有概括性和代表性。目的通过Meta整合方法系统梳理关于脑卒中患者对社会参与认知和经历的质性研究,为进一步提高脑卒中患者康复效果提供参考。方法使用计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、心理学文摘(PsycINFO)、护理和联合卫生文献累积索引(CINAHL)、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)循证卫生保健数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库,筛选其自建库至2022年11月以来收录的关于脑卒中患者对社会参与认知和经历的质性研究。采用汇集性Meta整合法对研究主题、隐含意义、分类等研究结果进行Meta整合。结果纳入Meta整合的14篇文献共涉及183例脑卒中患者,通过Meta整合共得出26个研究结果,其中相近结果可归纳为8个新类别,最终归纳出3个整合结果:(1)脑卒中患者对社会参与的认知和经历;(2)脑卒中患者多种社会参与受限且受较多因素影响;(3)多方支持对脑卒中患者社会参与至关重要。结论脑卒中患者对社会参与有新见解,须纠正和消除脑卒中患者对社会参与的自我认同紊乱及其限制因素,并重视脑卒中患者社会参与的多方支持。展开更多
针对目前植保无人机处方作业任务规划优化方法的空缺,提出了基于改进蛛蜂算法(improved spider wasp optimizer,ISWO)的植保无人机任务规划方法。在预生成的全覆盖作业路径基础上,以电池里程与药箱容量为约束,考虑处方变量施药,以植保...针对目前植保无人机处方作业任务规划优化方法的空缺,提出了基于改进蛛蜂算法(improved spider wasp optimizer,ISWO)的植保无人机任务规划方法。在预生成的全覆盖作业路径基础上,以电池里程与药箱容量为约束,考虑处方变量施药,以植保无人机任务总体时间最短与非作业路程总距离最小为目标建立了任务规划模型,并且采用ISWO算法对模型进行求解。ISWO在蛛蜂算法的基础上融入了学习因子的正余弦自适应收缩策略与贪婪均值思想的种群初始化办法。经算法有效性分析与案例分析,相较于传统的最大作业距离模式,ISWO能够大幅度降低作业总体时间与非作业路程长度。相较于四个启发式算法WOA、GWO、PSO、SWO,ISWO在寻优性能与稳定性上有突出表现,可为植保无人机处方作业规划提供一定的参考。展开更多
文摘Distinction of predator＇s diet and prey choice preference is a hot topic of current investigations. Spider being generalist predator and cosmopoliter in nature acts as biological control agent in many agro-ecosystems. In the current study, predatory efficacy of five spiders （Pardosa birmanica, Cyclosa insulana, Thomisus projectus, Plexippus paykulli and Lycosa terrestris） inhabiting the cotton fieldevaluated in the laboratory conditions maintained at （27＋2）℃ temperature, 65%-5% relative humidity and 12 ： 12 h of light and dark photoperiod. Four key cotton pests＇ viz. Bemisiatabaci, Amrascaderastans Thripstabaci and Helicoverpa armigera were utilized in the choice and no-choice predatory studies. The findings of current investigation revealed that each predatory spider utilized at least one pest species. Predation rate was found higher in the no-choice predation because of unavailability of substitutes feeding source. The investigation also indicated each predatory spider killed more pests than consumed. The findings of this study support the predatory role of spiders in controlling the cotton major pests.
文摘Spiders for the present study were collected from different fruit gardens（i.e. citrus） located at various localities（i.e., Tehsil Samundri, Jaranwala, Tandlianwala and Faisalabad） of District Faisalabad, Pakistan. Spiders belonging to six families and 33 species were captured from the two fruit gardens during the one year of this study. The citrus fruits garden was found to be best populated habitat as compared to other fruit garden. These sites were sampled by using pitfall traps; each month for five consecutive days from September 2010 to March 2011. As a result, 1 054 specimens were captured representing six families viz： lycosidae, thomosidae, gnaphosidae, saltisidae, araneidae and clubionidae. Lycosidae was more abundant, while clubionidae was less diverse during the study. Maximum population fluctuation among the spider specimens showed during the months from September and October, while the least abundance of spider specimens was reordered during June, November and December. Maximum taxonomic diversity was recorded from September to November, with the peak in September. It was concluded during these three months, when the citrus and guava gardens were attacked by the most of the pest insects. During the months of July and November diversity was moderate and mutually comparable, while in June and December, it was the least. This study contributed to the identification of spider diversity in the agro-ecosystem which could be used in the biological pest control.
文摘背景作为脑卒中患者康复效果的重要评定指标之一,社会参与逐渐受到关注,了解脑卒中患者对社会参与的认知和经历有利于帮助脑卒中患者快速康复、回归家庭并重新融入社会,但单一的质性研究结果可能不具有概括性和代表性。目的通过Meta整合方法系统梳理关于脑卒中患者对社会参与认知和经历的质性研究,为进一步提高脑卒中患者康复效果提供参考。方法使用计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、心理学文摘(PsycINFO)、护理和联合卫生文献累积索引(CINAHL)、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)循证卫生保健数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库,筛选其自建库至2022年11月以来收录的关于脑卒中患者对社会参与认知和经历的质性研究。采用汇集性Meta整合法对研究主题、隐含意义、分类等研究结果进行Meta整合。结果纳入Meta整合的14篇文献共涉及183例脑卒中患者,通过Meta整合共得出26个研究结果,其中相近结果可归纳为8个新类别,最终归纳出3个整合结果:(1)脑卒中患者对社会参与的认知和经历;(2)脑卒中患者多种社会参与受限且受较多因素影响;(3)多方支持对脑卒中患者社会参与至关重要。结论脑卒中患者对社会参与有新见解,须纠正和消除脑卒中患者对社会参与的自我认同紊乱及其限制因素,并重视脑卒中患者社会参与的多方支持。
文摘针对目前植保无人机处方作业任务规划优化方法的空缺,提出了基于改进蛛蜂算法(improved spider wasp optimizer,ISWO)的植保无人机任务规划方法。在预生成的全覆盖作业路径基础上,以电池里程与药箱容量为约束,考虑处方变量施药,以植保无人机任务总体时间最短与非作业路程总距离最小为目标建立了任务规划模型,并且采用ISWO算法对模型进行求解。ISWO在蛛蜂算法的基础上融入了学习因子的正余弦自适应收缩策略与贪婪均值思想的种群初始化办法。经算法有效性分析与案例分析,相较于传统的最大作业距离模式,ISWO能够大幅度降低作业总体时间与非作业路程长度。相较于四个启发式算法WOA、GWO、PSO、SWO,ISWO在寻优性能与稳定性上有突出表现,可为植保无人机处方作业规划提供一定的参考。
