The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect and mechanism of quercetin on reproductive performance in perinatal sows.According to the similar principle of parity and body weight,24 perinatal sows were...The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect and mechanism of quercetin on reproductive performance in perinatal sows.According to the similar principle of parity and body weight,24 perinatal sows were randomly divided into four treatments with six replicates,including normal control and three treatments fed by a basal diet supplemented with 0,0.025%,0.050%,and 0.075%quercetin,respectively.The feeding trial was conducted from 100 days of gestation to 28 days post-partum.Reproductive performance,colostrum composition,serum indexes of antioxidation,inflammation,hormones,and the diversity and relative abundance of fecal microflora were determined in perinatal sows.Compared with the control,quercetin significantly reduced the rate of constipation,serum content of malondialdehyde(MDA),prolactin(PRL),and progesterone(PROG),and significantly increased the content of serum estradiol(E2)and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)in colostrum of perinatal sows(P<0.05).Meanwhile,0.025%quercetin significantly increased glutathione(GSH)content in serum(P<0.05),0.050%quercetin significantly reduced the rate of backfat loss(P<0.05),and 0.075%quercetin significantly increased immunoglobulin M(IgM)content in colostrum of perinatal sows(P<0.05).In addition,0.050%and 0.075%quercetin significantly shortened estrus interval(P<0.05)and significantly increased the content of IgA and IgG in colostrum(P<0.05)and dopamine(DA)content in serum of perinatal sows(P<0.05).Quercetin significantly decreased the content of nitric oxide(NO),IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,and MCP-1 in serum(P<0.05)and significantly improved microflora abundance and diversity in feces of perinatal sows(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation of quercetin reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and regulated intestinal microflora in perinatal sows,thus improved reproductive performance in perinatal sows.Under this experimental condition,the optimal supplementation with dietary quercetin was 0.075%in perinatal sows.展开更多
Because co-occurring native and invasive plants are subjected to similar environmental selection pressures,the differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants...Because co-occurring native and invasive plants are subjected to similar environmental selection pressures,the differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants may be closely related to the success of the latter.Accordingly,this study examines differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants in Eastern China.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants were all notably higher than those of native species.Additionally,the specific leaf area(SLA)values of invasive plants were remarkably lower than those of native species.Plasticity indexes of SLA,maximum branch angle,and branch number of invasive plants were each notably lower than those of native species.The reproductive allocation coefficient was positively correlated with reproductive branch number and the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio but exhibited negative correlations with SLA and aboveground biomass.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants may strongly influence the success of their invasions.展开更多
Background:Many studies have indicated that straw-returning could meet part or even all of the potassium(K)demand for crop growth in the field,but few have compared the effects of crop straw as K source and inorganic ...Background:Many studies have indicated that straw-returning could meet part or even all of the potassium(K)demand for crop growth in the field,but few have compared the effects of crop straw as K source and inorganic K fertilizer on carbon–nitrogen(C–N)balance of cotton and the reproductive growth.To address this,field experiments were conducted using the cotton cultivar,Siza 3,under there treatments(CK as control group one,no crop straw and inorganic K fertilizer were applied;K150 as control group two,150 kg·ha^(-1) of K2O was applied;and W9000,9000 kg·ha^(-1) wheat straw,which could provide K2O about 150 kg·ha^(-1),was incorporated into soil).Results:Although the final reproductive organ biomass did not differ between W9000 and K150,W9000 had a higher ratio of reproductive organ biomass to total biomass(RRT),suggesting that straw-returning was more conducive to the allocation of biomass to reproductive organs.The theoretical maximum biomass of reproductive organ was higher,but the average and maximum accumulation rates of reproductive organ biomass were 2.8%∼8.3%and 2.5%∼8.2%lower under W9000 than K150.Also,the duration of rapid-accumulation period for reproductive organ biomass(T)was 2.0∼2.8 d longer under W9000 than K150,which was a reason for the higher RRT under W9000.Straw-returning altered the dynamics of leaf K with the growth period,so that W9000 had a more drastic effect on leaf C metabolism than K150.Consequently,lower soluble sugar/free amino acid and C/N ratios were measured under W9000 than K150 at boll-setting(BSS)and boll-opening(BOS)stages.Higher leaf net photosynthetic rate,sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase activities,and lower acid invertase activity were observed under W9000 than K150 at BSS and BOS and these were more conducive to sucrose accumulation.However,less sucrose was measured under W9000 than K150 at these stages.This should be because straw-returning promoted the assimilate transport capacity when compared with inorganic K fertilizer application,which also explained the higher RRT under W9000 than K150.The lower acid invertase activity under W9000 inhibited the conversion of sucrose to other sugars,hence lower contents of soluble sugar and starch were measured under W9000 than K150.Conclusion:Under low K condition,crop straw as K source can increase the assimilate transport from source to sink,leading to lower C/N ratio in leaf and higher allocation of biomass to reproductive organs than inorganic K fertilizer.展开更多
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)GP4 protein was prokaryotically expressed,and used as an antigen to immunize six-week-old BALB/c female mice.With conventional cell fusion method,an anti-PRRSV...Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)GP4 protein was prokaryotically expressed,and used as an antigen to immunize six-week-old BALB/c female mice.With conventional cell fusion method,an anti-PRRSV GP4 protein monoclonal antibody(Mab)5F12 was successfully prepared.It was identified as IgG2b subclass and had better stability and specificity,which not only responded with recombinant PRRSV GP4 protein,but also with PRRSV.Phage display technique had varieties of applications,in particular,the identification of key antigen epitopes for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic reagents and vaccines.In this study,Mab-5F12 was used as the target for biopanning a 12-mer phage random peptide library.After four rounds of biopanning,two phage-displayed peptides,named P-A and P-G(AKFEVCSPVVLG and GVNQENMLHFSF)were identified that recognized Mab-5F12 specifically.Sequence analysis showed that one or more of the peptides exhibited partial sequence similarity to the native GP4 protein sequence,which corresponded to 69-80 and 84-95 aa segments of the HP-PRRSV GP4 protein.Furthermore,real-time quantitative RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescence assay indicated consistently the abilities of P-A and P-G to block viral infection in Marc-145 cells and they could function as antiviral agents for PRRSV.展开更多
In order to improve reproduvtive efficieny and understand reproduvtive defense mechanism, the oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body of bovine were used to detect the changes of inflammatory factors and the relationsh...In order to improve reproduvtive efficieny and understand reproduvtive defense mechanism, the oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body of bovine were used to detect the changes of inflammatory factors and the relationship between estrogen and progesterone receptor protein during estrous cycle by real-time PCR and Elisa method. The results showed that interleukin-4（IL-4）, interleukin-6（IL-6）, interleukin-10（IL-10）, interleukin-1α（IL-1α） and interleukin-1β（IL-1β） were expressed in cow oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body. In the follicular phase and the luteal phase, m RNA expression of five inflammatory factors in the uterine horn and uterine body was higher than that in the oviduct. In the follicular phase, IL-10 was highly expressed in the uterine horn and uterine body, IL-4 was highly expressed in the uterine horn, uterine body and oviduct. Additionally, in the luteal phase, IL-6 and IL-1β were highly expressed in the uterine horn, uterine body and oviduct, and the highest expression of IL-1β was observed in the uterine horn. The levels of Estrogen Receptor（ERα） protein in the oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body significantly increased in the follicular phase. The levels of Progesterone Receptor（PR） protein in the same portions of the reproductive tract in the luteal phase were significantly higher than those in the follicular phase. IL-4 and IL-10 in the cow reproductive tract might play a major role in the follicular phase, while IL-6 and IL-1β might play a major role in the luteal phase. The expression of five inflammatory factors was not directly regulated by ERα and PR.展开更多
The experiment was designed to study the histology of reproductive organ of Rana temporaria chensinesis David in reproductive season and dereproductive season, The results displayed that the sexual gland weight and ov...The experiment was designed to study the histology of reproductive organ of Rana temporaria chensinesis David in reproductive season and dereproductive season, The results displayed that the sexual gland weight and oviduct weight of the Rana temporaria chensinesis David were significantly different between reproductive season and dereproductive season.展开更多
The reproductive performance and abdominal fat of the high VLDL (H-VLDL) and low VLDL (L-VLDL) lines were studied after divergent selection for plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration in broiler chick...The reproductive performance and abdominal fat of the high VLDL (H-VLDL) and low VLDL (L-VLDL) lines were studied after divergent selection for plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration in broiler chickens at 8 weeks of age. It was shown that the main reproductive traits were higher in L-VLDL line than H-VLDL line. The beneficial correlated responses of the reproductive traits were produced by the selection for plasma VLDL. 1) Plasma VLDL concentration was significantly correlated with abdominal fat (r=0.50, P<0.01), ahich was higher than that with plasma triglyceride concentration. There was a significant difference in abdominal fat between both lines but age increase or food restriction may decrease this difference. The H-VLDL line had about twice as much abdominal fat as had L-VLDL at 8 weeks of age, while its mean body weight was similar to that of the L-VLDL line from birtl to the end of laying. 2) Mortality from apparently stress-related causes by food restriction for H-VLDL line females began to increase from 15 weeks of age and was 21% (38/180) higher compared with 13% (23/180) for L-VLDL line females. 3) Age of 5% Lying for L-VLDL line was 3 days less than that of H-VLDL line, age of 50% Lying was 37 days less for L-VLDL line than H-VLDL line, and the age of laying peak was similiar in both lines. Rate of lay at peak in L-VLDL and H-VLDL lines were 70.3%, 66.4%, respectively. 4) Fertility rate in L-VLDL line was significantly higher than that of H-VLDL line at 27 weeks of age (P=0.01) and there was a little difference in fertility rates between H-VLDL and L-VLDL line during late laying period. There were no significant differences between H-VLDL and L-VLDL lines in of day-old healthy the numbers chicks and hatchabilities of fertile and total eggs wheres mean numbers of healthy day-old chicks per hen were more is L-VLDL line than in H-VLDL line. 5) Under food restriction, egg production was higher in L-VLDL line than in H-VLDL line. It should be emphasized that the rate and amount of egg production in L-VLDL line were both significant higher than in H-VLDL line during early laying period (from 23 to 43 weeks of age, P<0.01). The mean egg production of LF line hens was ll eggs more than that of HF line ones throughtout the laying period (from 23 to 62 weeks of age). 6) Eggs in L-VLDL line were slightly heavier than those in H-VLDL line. Feed conversion (FC) ratio for L-VLDL line was lower than that in H-VLDL line betwen 23 and 62 weeks of age (5.01 and 5.46, respectively), especially FC ratio of L-VLDL line was significantly lower than that of HF line during 23 and 43 weeks of age (P<0.01). Also FC efficiency of breeding hens was higher in L-VLDL line than in H-VLDL line.展开更多
Objective:Endometrial tuberculosis,which commonly affects women of reproductive age,is a significant cause of intrauterine adhesions(IUA),potentially leading to hypomenorrhea,amenorrhea,and infertility.Hysteroscopic a...Objective:Endometrial tuberculosis,which commonly affects women of reproductive age,is a significant cause of intrauterine adhesions(IUA),potentially leading to hypomenorrhea,amenorrhea,and infertility.Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis is the primary treatment for IUA;however,studies specifically addressing its efficacy in tuberculosisinduced IUA remain scarce.This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for IUA caused by endometrial tuberculosis.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with tuberculosisinduced IUA who underwent hysteroscopic adhesiolysis at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between May 2014 and October 2022.Clinical data including age,medical history,adhesion severity,surgical treatment,and reproductive outcomes were analyzed.Results:Among 39 patients identified,2 were lost to follow-up.A total of 37 patients were included,with a follow-up duration ranging from 6 months to 9 years.Hypomenorrhea was reported in 24(64.9%)patients,secondary amenorrhea in 10(27.0%)patients,and normal menstruation in 3(8.1%)patients.Most patients presented with primary infertility(59.5%),and only 2(5.4%)had secondary infertility.The median American Fertility Society(AFS)score at initial assessment was 10(range,8−12);8(21.6%)patients had moderate IUA,and 29(78.4%)had severe IUA.A total of 86 surgical procedures were performed across 37 patients,with 27 patients undergoing 2 or more surgeries.Postoperatively,25(67.6%)patients achieved normalization of the uterine cavity,while 12(32.4%)still had a reduced cavity.Only 7(18.9%)patients had a grossly normal endometrium at the final surgery,all of whom had moderate adhesions at the initial procedure.Menstrual flow returned to normal in 12(32.4%)patients,while 25(67.6%)continued to experience hypomenorrhea.Of 29 patients who attempted in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET),only 6(20.7%)conceived.Among these,4(13.8%)delivered at term via cesarean section;one case was complicated by postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony and another by placental adhesion.Conclusion:Endometrial tuberculosis can lead to severe IUA.Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis facilitates cavity restoration and improvement of menstrual conditions,but the overall reproductive outcomes remain suboptimal.展开更多
Developmental and reproductive toxicity(DART)endpoint entails a toxicological assessment of all developmental stages and reproductive cycles of an organism.In silico tools to predict DART will provide a method to asse...Developmental and reproductive toxicity(DART)endpoint entails a toxicological assessment of all developmental stages and reproductive cycles of an organism.In silico tools to predict DART will provide a method to assess this complex toxicity endpoint and will be valuable for screening emerging pollutants as well as for m anaging new chemicals in China.Currently,there are few published DART prediction models in China,but many related research and development projects are in progress.In 2013,WU et al.published an expert rule-based DART decision tree(DT).This DT relies on known chemical structures linked to DART to forecast DART potential of a given chemical.Within this procedure,an accurate DART data interpretation is the foundation of building and expanding the DT.This paper excerpted case studies demonstrating DART data curation and interpretation of four chemicals(including 8-hydroxyquinoline,3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol,thiacloprid,and imidacloprid)to expand the existing DART DT.Chemicals were first selected from the database of Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment(MEESCC)in China.The structures of these 4 chemicals were analyzed and preliminarily grouped by chemists based on core structural features,functional groups,receptor binding property,metabolism,and possible mode of actions.Then,the DART conclusion was derived by collecting chemical information,searching,integrating,and interpreting DART data by the toxicologists.Finally,these chemicals were classified into either an existing category or a new category via integrating their chemical features,DART conclusions,and biological properties.The results showed that 8-hydroxyquinoline impacted estrous cyclicity,s exual organ weights,and embryonal development,and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol caused central nervous system(CNS)malformations,which were added to an existing subcategory 8e(aromatic compounds with multi-halogen and nitro groups)of the DT.Thiacloprid caused dystocia and fetal skeletal malformation,and imidacloprid disrupted the endocrine system and male fertility.They both contain 2-chloro-5-methylpyridine substituted imidazolidine c yclic ring,which were expected to create a new category of neonicotinoids.The current work delineates a t ransparent process of curating toxicological data for the purpose of DART data interpretation.In the presence of sufficient related structures and DART data,the DT can be expanded by iteratively adding chemicals within the a pplicable domain of each category or subcategory.This DT can potentially serve as a tool for screening emerging pollutants and assessing new chemicals in China.展开更多
Heat waves,and an increased number of warm days and nights,have become more prevalent in major agricultural regions of the world.Although well adapted to semi-arid regions,cotton is vulnerable to high temperatures,par...Heat waves,and an increased number of warm days and nights,have become more prevalent in major agricultural regions of the world.Although well adapted to semi-arid regions,cotton is vulnerable to high temperatures,particularly during flowering and boll development.To maintain lint yield potential without compromising its quality under high-temperature stress,it is essential to understand the effects of heat stress on various stages of plant growth and development,and associated tolerance mechanisms.Despite ongoing efforts to gather data on the effects of heat stress on cotton growth and development,there remains a critical gap in understanding the distinct influence of high temperatures during the day and night on cotton yield and quality.Also,identifying mechanisms and target traits that induce greater high day and night temperature tolerance is essential for breeding climate-resilient cotton for future uncertain climates.To bridge these knowledge gaps,we embarked on a rigorous and comprehensive review of published literature,delving into the impact of heat stress on cotton yields and the consequential losses in fiber quality.This review encompasses information on the effects of heat stress on growth,physiological,and biochemical responses,fertilization,cotton yield,and quality.Additionally,we discuss management options for minimizing heat stress-induced damage,and the benefits of integrating conventional and genomics-assisted breeding for developing heat-tolerant cotton cultivars.Finally,future research areas that need to be addressed to develop heat-resilient cotton are proposed.展开更多
The Middle Miocene Duho Formation of the Yeonil Group,Pohang Basin,Korea is one of the best recognized formations for the Cenozoic plant fossils, including various leaves,reproductive organs,and fossil woods.We,in thi...The Middle Miocene Duho Formation of the Yeonil Group,Pohang Basin,Korea is one of the best recognized formations for the Cenozoic plant fossils, including various leaves,reproductive organs,and fossil woods.We,in this paper,first report winged fruits(10 specimens) from the Duho Formation.They were identified into two structurally different groups:展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether soy milk may cause reproductive disorders and decrease testosterone.METHODS Thirty two six weeks old male rats were divided into 4 groups including control group(non treatment)and thre...OBJECTIVE To investigate whether soy milk may cause reproductive disorders and decrease testosterone.METHODS Thirty two six weeks old male rats were divided into 4 groups including control group(non treatment)and three other groups were treated with soy milk powder(7.1,14.2and 21.3g·kg-1)everyday for 90 d.Histopathological examination of testis,epididymis and seminal vesicles were done using HE staining.Blood testosterone levels were assayed by ELISA.RESULTS There were positive correlations between the doses of soy milk with spermatogenesis in the testes,prostate epithelial cell hyperplasia.There were also positively correlation between dose of soy milk with vacuoles forming on epididymal epithelial cells and apoptosis in epithelial cells of seminal vesicles.The blood testosterone levels were not significantly difference between groups.CONCLUSION Subchronically soy milk feeding in rats induce histopathology changes of reproductive organs that closely related to the process of endocrine disruptors.展开更多
T13.1 Reproductive and developmental toxicology in nNonhuman primates and impact of new guidelines Norbert MAKORI(Developmental&Reproductive Toxicology,SNBL USA,Everett,WA 98203)Abstract:Most biopharmaceuticals ar...T13.1 Reproductive and developmental toxicology in nNonhuman primates and impact of new guidelines Norbert MAKORI(Developmental&Reproductive Toxicology,SNBL USA,Everett,WA 98203)Abstract:Most biopharmaceuticals are human proteins that are highly specific for their human target.The majority of these biopharmaceuticals therefore are pharmacologically active in humans,the final intended clinical species,and nonhuman primates(NHPs),a nonclinical model of research commonly used for Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology(DART)testing.展开更多
Under the pressure of marketization and urbanization,rural family reproduction mode has transformed from simple reproduction to expanded family reproduction,thus changing the family structure and family relationship.U...Under the pressure of marketization and urbanization,rural family reproduction mode has transformed from simple reproduction to expanded family reproduction,thus changing the family structure and family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,family relationship is a highly rational and deeply mobilized interaction pattern.And the family element configuration profoundly reflects the practical form of family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,the changes in rural family relations are mainly reflected in three aspects:the decline of the paternal authority and the increasing family status of the offspring;the increasing status of women along with a decisive role in family decision-making;the more independent,equal,competitive and rational relationship among brothers.These changes bring forward new requirements on rural governance system,which requires improvements on social security and public culture.展开更多
Insulin-like growth factor-I （IGF-I） plays a key role in female reproduction, because it has the effect of anti-apoptosis improving cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation. This paper reviewed the eff...Insulin-like growth factor-I （IGF-I） plays a key role in female reproduction, because it has the effect of anti-apoptosis improving cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation. This paper reviewed the effects of IGF-I on ovary, follicle growth, acquisition of oocyte competence and preimplantation embryo viability, and then summarized different points about IGF-1 for reproduction system展开更多
Polarization feature is one of the important features of radar targets,which has been used in many fields.In this paper,the grid models of some typical foreign moving targets are constructed on the simulation platform...Polarization feature is one of the important features of radar targets,which has been used in many fields.In this paper,the grid models of some typical foreign moving targets are constructed on the simulation platform,such as glider,cruiser,fixed wing aircraft,and rotorcraft.The electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the moving platforms under the incidence of circular polarization waves are calculated.The typical polarization characteristics which the orthogonal and in-phase components have in the echoes are analyzed and proved.Based on the polarization scattering matrix(PSM)theory,from the point of view of the physical reproduction,the technical status quo that the existing technical approaches are difficult to realize the passive simulation of polarization characteristic of the target is summarized.To solve this problem,combined with the vector synthesis law,the realization mechanism of controllable polarization characteristic of target echoes is proposed,the analytical expressions of polarization control matrix and polarization ratio are deduced,and the controllability of polarization ratio feature in the case of circular polarization is verified by simulation calculation.展开更多
The study aims to analyze the distribution of the 313 bp indel （insertion/deletion termed as indel） in first intron of POU1F1 and it＇s association with reproduction traits in Sutai pigs by using the PCR-DSCP techni...The study aims to analyze the distribution of the 313 bp indel （insertion/deletion termed as indel） in first intron of POU1F1 and it＇s association with reproduction traits in Sutai pigs by using the PCR-DSCP technique. The results showed that in this commercial pig population, the frequency of allele A was 0.6371, B was 0.3629; the genotype frequency of AA was 0.4516, AB was 0.3710, BB was 0.1774, and the Z2 test showed that the allele frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The SPSS GLM procedure was used to identify the association of the 313 bp indel with reproductive traits. In Sutai pigs, the pigs with AA genotype represented higher value in all reproduction traits, except for higher survival rate of piglets at weaning. Higher weaning weight was significantly associated with AA genotype pigs and higher survival rate of piglets at weaning was significantly associated with BB genotype （P〈0.05）, but no significant differences in other reproduction traits among genotypes were found （P〉0.05）; the P value of different traits affected by fixed factors were not significant as well （P〉0.05）. The result indicated that although this 313 bp indel was significantly associated with the weaning weight and survival rate at weaning, no any association with major reproduction traits was observed in Sutai pigs.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072749)。
文摘The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect and mechanism of quercetin on reproductive performance in perinatal sows.According to the similar principle of parity and body weight,24 perinatal sows were randomly divided into four treatments with six replicates,including normal control and three treatments fed by a basal diet supplemented with 0,0.025%,0.050%,and 0.075%quercetin,respectively.The feeding trial was conducted from 100 days of gestation to 28 days post-partum.Reproductive performance,colostrum composition,serum indexes of antioxidation,inflammation,hormones,and the diversity and relative abundance of fecal microflora were determined in perinatal sows.Compared with the control,quercetin significantly reduced the rate of constipation,serum content of malondialdehyde(MDA),prolactin(PRL),and progesterone(PROG),and significantly increased the content of serum estradiol(E2)and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)in colostrum of perinatal sows(P<0.05).Meanwhile,0.025%quercetin significantly increased glutathione(GSH)content in serum(P<0.05),0.050%quercetin significantly reduced the rate of backfat loss(P<0.05),and 0.075%quercetin significantly increased immunoglobulin M(IgM)content in colostrum of perinatal sows(P<0.05).In addition,0.050%and 0.075%quercetin significantly shortened estrus interval(P<0.05)and significantly increased the content of IgA and IgG in colostrum(P<0.05)and dopamine(DA)content in serum of perinatal sows(P<0.05).Quercetin significantly decreased the content of nitric oxide(NO),IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,and MCP-1 in serum(P<0.05)and significantly improved microflora abundance and diversity in feces of perinatal sows(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation of quercetin reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and regulated intestinal microflora in perinatal sows,thus improved reproductive performance in perinatal sows.Under this experimental condition,the optimal supplementation with dietary quercetin was 0.075%in perinatal sows.
基金Project(31300343)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment,ChinaProject(12JDG086)supported by Research Foundation for Advanced Talents of Jiangsu University,China
文摘Because co-occurring native and invasive plants are subjected to similar environmental selection pressures,the differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants may be closely related to the success of the latter.Accordingly,this study examines differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants in Eastern China.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants were all notably higher than those of native species.Additionally,the specific leaf area(SLA)values of invasive plants were remarkably lower than those of native species.Plasticity indexes of SLA,maximum branch angle,and branch number of invasive plants were each notably lower than those of native species.The reproductive allocation coefficient was positively correlated with reproductive branch number and the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio but exhibited negative correlations with SLA and aboveground biomass.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants may strongly influence the success of their invasions.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFD1001002)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KYLH201901)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production(JCIC-MCP).
文摘Background:Many studies have indicated that straw-returning could meet part or even all of the potassium(K)demand for crop growth in the field,but few have compared the effects of crop straw as K source and inorganic K fertilizer on carbon–nitrogen(C–N)balance of cotton and the reproductive growth.To address this,field experiments were conducted using the cotton cultivar,Siza 3,under there treatments(CK as control group one,no crop straw and inorganic K fertilizer were applied;K150 as control group two,150 kg·ha^(-1) of K2O was applied;and W9000,9000 kg·ha^(-1) wheat straw,which could provide K2O about 150 kg·ha^(-1),was incorporated into soil).Results:Although the final reproductive organ biomass did not differ between W9000 and K150,W9000 had a higher ratio of reproductive organ biomass to total biomass(RRT),suggesting that straw-returning was more conducive to the allocation of biomass to reproductive organs.The theoretical maximum biomass of reproductive organ was higher,but the average and maximum accumulation rates of reproductive organ biomass were 2.8%∼8.3%and 2.5%∼8.2%lower under W9000 than K150.Also,the duration of rapid-accumulation period for reproductive organ biomass(T)was 2.0∼2.8 d longer under W9000 than K150,which was a reason for the higher RRT under W9000.Straw-returning altered the dynamics of leaf K with the growth period,so that W9000 had a more drastic effect on leaf C metabolism than K150.Consequently,lower soluble sugar/free amino acid and C/N ratios were measured under W9000 than K150 at boll-setting(BSS)and boll-opening(BOS)stages.Higher leaf net photosynthetic rate,sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase activities,and lower acid invertase activity were observed under W9000 than K150 at BSS and BOS and these were more conducive to sucrose accumulation.However,less sucrose was measured under W9000 than K150 at these stages.This should be because straw-returning promoted the assimilate transport capacity when compared with inorganic K fertilizer application,which also explained the higher RRT under W9000 than K150.The lower acid invertase activity under W9000 inhibited the conversion of sucrose to other sugars,hence lower contents of soluble sugar and starch were measured under W9000 than K150.Conclusion:Under low K condition,crop straw as K source can increase the assimilate transport from source to sink,leading to lower C/N ratio in leaf and higher allocation of biomass to reproductive organs than inorganic K fertilizer.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372438,31200122)
文摘Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)GP4 protein was prokaryotically expressed,and used as an antigen to immunize six-week-old BALB/c female mice.With conventional cell fusion method,an anti-PRRSV GP4 protein monoclonal antibody(Mab)5F12 was successfully prepared.It was identified as IgG2b subclass and had better stability and specificity,which not only responded with recombinant PRRSV GP4 protein,but also with PRRSV.Phage display technique had varieties of applications,in particular,the identification of key antigen epitopes for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic reagents and vaccines.In this study,Mab-5F12 was used as the target for biopanning a 12-mer phage random peptide library.After four rounds of biopanning,two phage-displayed peptides,named P-A and P-G(AKFEVCSPVVLG and GVNQENMLHFSF)were identified that recognized Mab-5F12 specifically.Sequence analysis showed that one or more of the peptides exhibited partial sequence similarity to the native GP4 protein sequence,which corresponded to 69-80 and 84-95 aa segments of the HP-PRRSV GP4 protein.Furthermore,real-time quantitative RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescence assay indicated consistently the abilities of P-A and P-G to block viral infection in Marc-145 cells and they could function as antiviral agents for PRRSV.
基金Supported by the National International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project(2011DFA30760-2-1)
文摘In order to improve reproduvtive efficieny and understand reproduvtive defense mechanism, the oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body of bovine were used to detect the changes of inflammatory factors and the relationship between estrogen and progesterone receptor protein during estrous cycle by real-time PCR and Elisa method. The results showed that interleukin-4（IL-4）, interleukin-6（IL-6）, interleukin-10（IL-10）, interleukin-1α（IL-1α） and interleukin-1β（IL-1β） were expressed in cow oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body. In the follicular phase and the luteal phase, m RNA expression of five inflammatory factors in the uterine horn and uterine body was higher than that in the oviduct. In the follicular phase, IL-10 was highly expressed in the uterine horn and uterine body, IL-4 was highly expressed in the uterine horn, uterine body and oviduct. Additionally, in the luteal phase, IL-6 and IL-1β were highly expressed in the uterine horn, uterine body and oviduct, and the highest expression of IL-1β was observed in the uterine horn. The levels of Estrogen Receptor（ERα） protein in the oviduct, uterine horn and uterine body significantly increased in the follicular phase. The levels of Progesterone Receptor（PR） protein in the same portions of the reproductive tract in the luteal phase were significantly higher than those in the follicular phase. IL-4 and IL-10 in the cow reproductive tract might play a major role in the follicular phase, while IL-6 and IL-1β might play a major role in the luteal phase. The expression of five inflammatory factors was not directly regulated by ERα and PR.
文摘The experiment was designed to study the histology of reproductive organ of Rana temporaria chensinesis David in reproductive season and dereproductive season, The results displayed that the sexual gland weight and oviduct weight of the Rana temporaria chensinesis David were significantly different between reproductive season and dereproductive season.
文摘The reproductive performance and abdominal fat of the high VLDL (H-VLDL) and low VLDL (L-VLDL) lines were studied after divergent selection for plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration in broiler chickens at 8 weeks of age. It was shown that the main reproductive traits were higher in L-VLDL line than H-VLDL line. The beneficial correlated responses of the reproductive traits were produced by the selection for plasma VLDL. 1) Plasma VLDL concentration was significantly correlated with abdominal fat (r=0.50, P<0.01), ahich was higher than that with plasma triglyceride concentration. There was a significant difference in abdominal fat between both lines but age increase or food restriction may decrease this difference. The H-VLDL line had about twice as much abdominal fat as had L-VLDL at 8 weeks of age, while its mean body weight was similar to that of the L-VLDL line from birtl to the end of laying. 2) Mortality from apparently stress-related causes by food restriction for H-VLDL line females began to increase from 15 weeks of age and was 21% (38/180) higher compared with 13% (23/180) for L-VLDL line females. 3) Age of 5% Lying for L-VLDL line was 3 days less than that of H-VLDL line, age of 50% Lying was 37 days less for L-VLDL line than H-VLDL line, and the age of laying peak was similiar in both lines. Rate of lay at peak in L-VLDL and H-VLDL lines were 70.3%, 66.4%, respectively. 4) Fertility rate in L-VLDL line was significantly higher than that of H-VLDL line at 27 weeks of age (P=0.01) and there was a little difference in fertility rates between H-VLDL and L-VLDL line during late laying period. There were no significant differences between H-VLDL and L-VLDL lines in of day-old healthy the numbers chicks and hatchabilities of fertile and total eggs wheres mean numbers of healthy day-old chicks per hen were more is L-VLDL line than in H-VLDL line. 5) Under food restriction, egg production was higher in L-VLDL line than in H-VLDL line. It should be emphasized that the rate and amount of egg production in L-VLDL line were both significant higher than in H-VLDL line during early laying period (from 23 to 43 weeks of age, P<0.01). The mean egg production of LF line hens was ll eggs more than that of HF line ones throughtout the laying period (from 23 to 62 weeks of age). 6) Eggs in L-VLDL line were slightly heavier than those in H-VLDL line. Feed conversion (FC) ratio for L-VLDL line was lower than that in H-VLDL line betwen 23 and 62 weeks of age (5.01 and 5.46, respectively), especially FC ratio of L-VLDL line was significantly lower than that of HF line during 23 and 43 weeks of age (P<0.01). Also FC efficiency of breeding hens was higher in L-VLDL line than in H-VLDL line.
基金supported by the Wisdom Accumulation and Talent Cultivation Project of Third Xiangya Hosipital of Central South University,China(YX202112).
文摘Objective:Endometrial tuberculosis,which commonly affects women of reproductive age,is a significant cause of intrauterine adhesions(IUA),potentially leading to hypomenorrhea,amenorrhea,and infertility.Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis is the primary treatment for IUA;however,studies specifically addressing its efficacy in tuberculosisinduced IUA remain scarce.This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for IUA caused by endometrial tuberculosis.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with tuberculosisinduced IUA who underwent hysteroscopic adhesiolysis at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between May 2014 and October 2022.Clinical data including age,medical history,adhesion severity,surgical treatment,and reproductive outcomes were analyzed.Results:Among 39 patients identified,2 were lost to follow-up.A total of 37 patients were included,with a follow-up duration ranging from 6 months to 9 years.Hypomenorrhea was reported in 24(64.9%)patients,secondary amenorrhea in 10(27.0%)patients,and normal menstruation in 3(8.1%)patients.Most patients presented with primary infertility(59.5%),and only 2(5.4%)had secondary infertility.The median American Fertility Society(AFS)score at initial assessment was 10(range,8−12);8(21.6%)patients had moderate IUA,and 29(78.4%)had severe IUA.A total of 86 surgical procedures were performed across 37 patients,with 27 patients undergoing 2 or more surgeries.Postoperatively,25(67.6%)patients achieved normalization of the uterine cavity,while 12(32.4%)still had a reduced cavity.Only 7(18.9%)patients had a grossly normal endometrium at the final surgery,all of whom had moderate adhesions at the initial procedure.Menstrual flow returned to normal in 12(32.4%)patients,while 25(67.6%)continued to experience hypomenorrhea.Of 29 patients who attempted in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET),only 6(20.7%)conceived.Among these,4(13.8%)delivered at term via cesarean section;one case was complicated by postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony and another by placental adhesion.Conclusion:Endometrial tuberculosis can lead to severe IUA.Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis facilitates cavity restoration and improvement of menstrual conditions,but the overall reproductive outcomes remain suboptimal.
文摘Developmental and reproductive toxicity(DART)endpoint entails a toxicological assessment of all developmental stages and reproductive cycles of an organism.In silico tools to predict DART will provide a method to assess this complex toxicity endpoint and will be valuable for screening emerging pollutants as well as for m anaging new chemicals in China.Currently,there are few published DART prediction models in China,but many related research and development projects are in progress.In 2013,WU et al.published an expert rule-based DART decision tree(DT).This DT relies on known chemical structures linked to DART to forecast DART potential of a given chemical.Within this procedure,an accurate DART data interpretation is the foundation of building and expanding the DT.This paper excerpted case studies demonstrating DART data curation and interpretation of four chemicals(including 8-hydroxyquinoline,3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol,thiacloprid,and imidacloprid)to expand the existing DART DT.Chemicals were first selected from the database of Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment(MEESCC)in China.The structures of these 4 chemicals were analyzed and preliminarily grouped by chemists based on core structural features,functional groups,receptor binding property,metabolism,and possible mode of actions.Then,the DART conclusion was derived by collecting chemical information,searching,integrating,and interpreting DART data by the toxicologists.Finally,these chemicals were classified into either an existing category or a new category via integrating their chemical features,DART conclusions,and biological properties.The results showed that 8-hydroxyquinoline impacted estrous cyclicity,s exual organ weights,and embryonal development,and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol caused central nervous system(CNS)malformations,which were added to an existing subcategory 8e(aromatic compounds with multi-halogen and nitro groups)of the DT.Thiacloprid caused dystocia and fetal skeletal malformation,and imidacloprid disrupted the endocrine system and male fertility.They both contain 2-chloro-5-methylpyridine substituted imidazolidine c yclic ring,which were expected to create a new category of neonicotinoids.The current work delineates a t ransparent process of curating toxicological data for the purpose of DART data interpretation.In the presence of sufficient related structures and DART data,the DT can be expanded by iteratively adding chemicals within the a pplicable domain of each category or subcategory.This DT can potentially serve as a tool for screening emerging pollutants and assessing new chemicals in China.
基金supported by Cotton Incorporated(Project#22-494)。
文摘Heat waves,and an increased number of warm days and nights,have become more prevalent in major agricultural regions of the world.Although well adapted to semi-arid regions,cotton is vulnerable to high temperatures,particularly during flowering and boll development.To maintain lint yield potential without compromising its quality under high-temperature stress,it is essential to understand the effects of heat stress on various stages of plant growth and development,and associated tolerance mechanisms.Despite ongoing efforts to gather data on the effects of heat stress on cotton growth and development,there remains a critical gap in understanding the distinct influence of high temperatures during the day and night on cotton yield and quality.Also,identifying mechanisms and target traits that induce greater high day and night temperature tolerance is essential for breeding climate-resilient cotton for future uncertain climates.To bridge these knowledge gaps,we embarked on a rigorous and comprehensive review of published literature,delving into the impact of heat stress on cotton yields and the consequential losses in fiber quality.This review encompasses information on the effects of heat stress on growth,physiological,and biochemical responses,fertilization,cotton yield,and quality.Additionally,we discuss management options for minimizing heat stress-induced damage,and the benefits of integrating conventional and genomics-assisted breeding for developing heat-tolerant cotton cultivars.Finally,future research areas that need to be addressed to develop heat-resilient cotton are proposed.
文摘The Middle Miocene Duho Formation of the Yeonil Group,Pohang Basin,Korea is one of the best recognized formations for the Cenozoic plant fossils, including various leaves,reproductive organs,and fossil woods.We,in this paper,first report winged fruits(10 specimens) from the Duho Formation.They were identified into two structurally different groups:
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate whether soy milk may cause reproductive disorders and decrease testosterone.METHODS Thirty two six weeks old male rats were divided into 4 groups including control group(non treatment)and three other groups were treated with soy milk powder(7.1,14.2and 21.3g·kg-1)everyday for 90 d.Histopathological examination of testis,epididymis and seminal vesicles were done using HE staining.Blood testosterone levels were assayed by ELISA.RESULTS There were positive correlations between the doses of soy milk with spermatogenesis in the testes,prostate epithelial cell hyperplasia.There were also positively correlation between dose of soy milk with vacuoles forming on epididymal epithelial cells and apoptosis in epithelial cells of seminal vesicles.The blood testosterone levels were not significantly difference between groups.CONCLUSION Subchronically soy milk feeding in rats induce histopathology changes of reproductive organs that closely related to the process of endocrine disruptors.
文摘T13.1 Reproductive and developmental toxicology in nNonhuman primates and impact of new guidelines Norbert MAKORI(Developmental&Reproductive Toxicology,SNBL USA,Everett,WA 98203)Abstract:Most biopharmaceuticals are human proteins that are highly specific for their human target.The majority of these biopharmaceuticals therefore are pharmacologically active in humans,the final intended clinical species,and nonhuman primates(NHPs),a nonclinical model of research commonly used for Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology(DART)testing.
基金National Social Science Fund Project 2016(16BKS047)
文摘Under the pressure of marketization and urbanization,rural family reproduction mode has transformed from simple reproduction to expanded family reproduction,thus changing the family structure and family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,family relationship is a highly rational and deeply mobilized interaction pattern.And the family element configuration profoundly reflects the practical form of family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,the changes in rural family relations are mainly reflected in three aspects:the decline of the paternal authority and the increasing family status of the offspring;the increasing status of women along with a decisive role in family decision-making;the more independent,equal,competitive and rational relationship among brothers.These changes bring forward new requirements on rural governance system,which requires improvements on social security and public culture.
文摘Insulin-like growth factor-I （IGF-I） plays a key role in female reproduction, because it has the effect of anti-apoptosis improving cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation. This paper reviewed the effects of IGF-I on ovary, follicle growth, acquisition of oocyte competence and preimplantation embryo viability, and then summarized different points about IGF-1 for reproduction system
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11927803A020414).
文摘Polarization feature is one of the important features of radar targets,which has been used in many fields.In this paper,the grid models of some typical foreign moving targets are constructed on the simulation platform,such as glider,cruiser,fixed wing aircraft,and rotorcraft.The electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the moving platforms under the incidence of circular polarization waves are calculated.The typical polarization characteristics which the orthogonal and in-phase components have in the echoes are analyzed and proved.Based on the polarization scattering matrix(PSM)theory,from the point of view of the physical reproduction,the technical status quo that the existing technical approaches are difficult to realize the passive simulation of polarization characteristic of the target is summarized.To solve this problem,combined with the vector synthesis law,the realization mechanism of controllable polarization characteristic of target echoes is proposed,the analytical expressions of polarization control matrix and polarization ratio are deduced,and the controllability of polarization ratio feature in the case of circular polarization is verified by simulation calculation.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Natural Science FoundationYangzhou University Natural Science Fund through Grant (BK2006068 and NK0513129)
文摘The study aims to analyze the distribution of the 313 bp indel （insertion/deletion termed as indel） in first intron of POU1F1 and it＇s association with reproduction traits in Sutai pigs by using the PCR-DSCP technique. The results showed that in this commercial pig population, the frequency of allele A was 0.6371, B was 0.3629; the genotype frequency of AA was 0.4516, AB was 0.3710, BB was 0.1774, and the Z2 test showed that the allele frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The SPSS GLM procedure was used to identify the association of the 313 bp indel with reproductive traits. In Sutai pigs, the pigs with AA genotype represented higher value in all reproduction traits, except for higher survival rate of piglets at weaning. Higher weaning weight was significantly associated with AA genotype pigs and higher survival rate of piglets at weaning was significantly associated with BB genotype （P〈0.05）, but no significant differences in other reproduction traits among genotypes were found （P〉0.05）; the P value of different traits affected by fixed factors were not significant as well （P〉0.05）. The result indicated that although this 313 bp indel was significantly associated with the weaning weight and survival rate at weaning, no any association with major reproduction traits was observed in Sutai pigs.
