The volatile chemical components of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with the method of heuristic evolving latent projections and overall volume integration. The results...The volatile chemical components of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with the method of heuristic evolving latent projections and overall volume integration. The results show that 38 volatile chemical components of RPR are determined, accounting for 95.21% of total contents of volatile chemical components of RPR. The main volatile chemical components of RPR are (Z, Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy- benzaldehyde, 1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone, 6,6-dimethyl-bicyclo[3.1.1] heptane-2-methanol, 4,7-dimethyl-benzofuran, 4-(1-methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, and cyclohexadecane.展开更多
A simple, reliable and rapid isocratic liquid chromatography(LC)-mass spectrometric detection(MS) coupled with electrospray ionization(ESI) method for simultaneous separation and determination of calycosin-7-O-β-D-gl...A simple, reliable and rapid isocratic liquid chromatography(LC)-mass spectrometric detection(MS) coupled with electrospray ionization(ESI) method for simultaneous separation and determination of calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ononin, calycosin and formonometin in Astragali Radix was developed. After the samples were extracted with ethanol, the optimum separation conditions for these analytes were achieved using water and acetonitrile(70:30, v/v) containing 0.2%(v/v) acetic acid as a mobile phase and a 2.0 mm×150 mm Hypersil-Keystone C18 column. Selective ion monitoring(SIM) mode and [M+H]+ ions at m/z 447, 431, 285 and 269 were used for quantitative analysis of four main active components above mentioned. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.4-175.0 μg/mL for calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, 0.2-146.0 μg/m L for ononin, 0.4-210.0 μg/mL for calycosin and 0.5-217.0 μg/mL for formonetion, respectively. The limits of quantification(LOQ) and detection(LOD) were 0.4 μg/mL and 0.08 μg/m L for calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, 0.2 μg/mL and 0.06 μg/m L for ononin, 0.4 μg/mL and 0.1 μg/mL for calycosin, 0.5 μg/m L and 0.1 μg/m L formonetion, respectively. The standard recoveries were in the range of 96.5%-104.7%. The developed method has successfully been used for the determination of four main flavonoids in Astragali Radix from various sources and can be used for identification, differentiation and quality evaluation of Astragali Radix.展开更多
Uniform design was used to optimize extraction condition of direct refluence extraction of coumarins from the Chinese traditional medicine of radix angelicae pubescentis(Duhuo); the sum peak area of coumarins separate...Uniform design was used to optimize extraction condition of direct refluence extraction of coumarins from the Chinese traditional medicine of radix angelicae pubescentis(Duhuo); the sum peak area of coumarins separated with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) at detection wavelength of 320nm was considered as detection index, two factors of solvent concentration and extraction time were mainly studied at extraction temperature of 85℃ and a volume ratio of solvent to sample of 10∶1. Optimal subclass, quadric polynomial step by step aggression and neural network method were applied to process the experimental results. The results show that the first and second methods give the same factors combination (concentration of ethanol: 95%, extraction time: 3.6 h) and the second method is much better than the first one. The extraction model is consequently developed.展开更多
针对Turbo码全并行译码算法译码迭代次数多、硬件消耗大的问题,提出了一种基于RADIX-4的改进译码算法。将译码算法中状态转移图的相邻两步状态合并为一步计算,译码时以"比特对"的形式操作进行迭代。在保留译码最大并行度同时...针对Turbo码全并行译码算法译码迭代次数多、硬件消耗大的问题,提出了一种基于RADIX-4的改进译码算法。将译码算法中状态转移图的相邻两步状态合并为一步计算,译码时以"比特对"的形式操作进行迭代。在保留译码最大并行度同时,译码计算单元使用量减少一半,显著降低了Turbo码全并行译码算法的运算复杂度和存储开销。仿真结果表明,在相同迭代次数条件下,该方法的译码性能较全并行译码算法平均提高约0.5 d B。展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Radix Cynanchum bungei extract(RCBE) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) and acute cerebral ischemia induced impairment in mice.METHODS I/R model was induced by bilateral caro...OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Radix Cynanchum bungei extract(RCBE) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) and acute cerebral ischemia induced impairment in mice.METHODS I/R model was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion(BCAO)-reperfusion method and Y-maze learning and memory performance was assessed after reperfusion. Na^+-K^+-ATPase,Ca^(2+)-ATPase and SOD activity,as well as MDA content in mouse brain tissue were measured. Numbers of mouth-opening breaths of the isolated mouse head were observed in acute cerebral ischemia mice.RESULTS Learning and memory ability in mice with RCBE were improved significantly compared with model group. The activity of SOD,Na^+-K^+-ATPase and Ca^(2+)-ATPase were increased,while MDA contents decreased after RCBE(0.5,1.0 and 2.0 g·kg^(-1)) and piracetam(0.5 g·kg^(-1)) treatment compared with the model group. RCBE at all concentrations significantly prolonged the number of mouth-opening breaths of the isolated mouse head. CONCLUSION RCBE preconditioning exerts a marked neuroprotective effect on the ischemia brain,which is related to improve the learning and memory via regulating energy metabolism and anti-oxidation.展开更多
Aim The study focused on identification and antidepression active verification of constituents from An- gelica Sinensis Radix contrubuting to Xiaoyaosan based on UPLC-PDA guided isolation technique. Methods The UPLC-P...Aim The study focused on identification and antidepression active verification of constituents from An- gelica Sinensis Radix contrubuting to Xiaoyaosan based on UPLC-PDA guided isolation technique. Methods The UPLC-PDA chromatogram of Xiaoyaosan was compared with that of Angelica Sinensis Radix. The relative retention time of each peak and the Uhraviolet spectra providing by PDA were used in the analyses. Constituents were isola- ted from Angelica Sinensis Radix under the guidance of UPLC-PDA investigation. Structures of the isolates were elu- cidated by NMR techniques. Anti-depression effect was evaluated on glutamate-induced neurons. Results Five marker peaks of Xiaoyaosan fingerprint were belong to Angelica Sinensis Radix, and they were determined as conife- ryl ferulate（ I）, E-butylidenephthalide （ II）, ligustilide （III）, Z-butylidenephthalide （ IV ）, 14-Acetoxy-12-sene- cioyloxytetradeca-2E,8E,10E-trien-4,6-diyn-l-ol（V）. Compound V was isolated from the plants of Umbelliferae for the first time. Treatment with compound I, III, IV can protect PC12 and SH-SY5Y cell from glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. Antidepression bioactivity of compound I was first investigated. Conclusion UPLC-PDA guided iso-lation technique was confirmed to be a rapid and accurate method to identify the main active constituents from An- gelica Sinensis Radix contrubuting to Xiaoyaosan.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the autophagic effect of the compounds from the Chinese medicinal herbs,Radix polygalae as a potential neuroprotective agent that enhances the clearance of mutant Huntingtin andα-synuclein in...OBJECTIVE To investigate the autophagic effect of the compounds from the Chinese medicinal herbs,Radix polygalae as a potential neuroprotective agent that enhances the clearance of mutant Huntingtin andα-synuclein in PC-12 cells.METHODS Radix polygalae was extracted with 75%ethanol using refluxing method,and its quality was assayed by UHPLC-TOF-MS.The autophagic effect of Radix polygalae extract,and its major components including polygalacic acid,senegenin and onjisaponin B were investigated using the green fluorescent protein-light chain 3(GFP-LC3)autophagy detection and Western blot platforms for detecting the autophagic markers,GFP-LC3 puncta formation and LC3Ⅱ expression.The degradation of A53Tα-synuclein and the inhibition of α-synuclein oligo merization related to the Parkinson disease were assayed using Western blot and flow cytometer analysis,respectively.While the cytotoxicity and the degradation of the mutant Huntingtin associated with the Huntingtin disease were investigated using MTT method and flow cytometer analysis.RESULTS Radix polygalae ethanol extract and onjisaponin B improved the GFP-LC3 puncta formation and expression of LC3Ⅱ with time and dose manner,and this induction was activated via AMPK-m TOR and Atg 7 gene pathway.Furthermore,the clearance ofα-synuclein and mutant Huntingtin was enhanced via autophagy induction with the treatment of Radix polygalae ethanol extract and onjisaponin B.CONCLUSION Findings in the current study provide detailed insights into the protective mechanism of a novel autophagy inducer,onjisaponin B,which is valuable for further investigation as a new candidate agent for modulating neurodegenerative disorders through the reduction of toxicity and clearance of mutant proteins in the cellular level.展开更多
基金Project(20235020) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The volatile chemical components of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with the method of heuristic evolving latent projections and overall volume integration. The results show that 38 volatile chemical components of RPR are determined, accounting for 95.21% of total contents of volatile chemical components of RPR. The main volatile chemical components of RPR are (Z, Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy- benzaldehyde, 1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone, 6,6-dimethyl-bicyclo[3.1.1] heptane-2-methanol, 4,7-dimethyl-benzofuran, 4-(1-methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, and cyclohexadecane.
基金Project(21472110)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(LY15B050008)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,ChinaProject(2013Y003)supported by Quzhou Technology Projects,China
文摘A simple, reliable and rapid isocratic liquid chromatography(LC)-mass spectrometric detection(MS) coupled with electrospray ionization(ESI) method for simultaneous separation and determination of calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ononin, calycosin and formonometin in Astragali Radix was developed. After the samples were extracted with ethanol, the optimum separation conditions for these analytes were achieved using water and acetonitrile(70:30, v/v) containing 0.2%(v/v) acetic acid as a mobile phase and a 2.0 mm×150 mm Hypersil-Keystone C18 column. Selective ion monitoring(SIM) mode and [M+H]+ ions at m/z 447, 431, 285 and 269 were used for quantitative analysis of four main active components above mentioned. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.4-175.0 μg/mL for calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, 0.2-146.0 μg/m L for ononin, 0.4-210.0 μg/mL for calycosin and 0.5-217.0 μg/mL for formonetion, respectively. The limits of quantification(LOQ) and detection(LOD) were 0.4 μg/mL and 0.08 μg/m L for calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, 0.2 μg/mL and 0.06 μg/m L for ononin, 0.4 μg/mL and 0.1 μg/mL for calycosin, 0.5 μg/m L and 0.1 μg/m L formonetion, respectively. The standard recoveries were in the range of 96.5%-104.7%. The developed method has successfully been used for the determination of four main flavonoids in Astragali Radix from various sources and can be used for identification, differentiation and quality evaluation of Astragali Radix.
基金Project(2004714) supported by the Development and Innovation Committee of Hunan Province
文摘Uniform design was used to optimize extraction condition of direct refluence extraction of coumarins from the Chinese traditional medicine of radix angelicae pubescentis(Duhuo); the sum peak area of coumarins separated with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) at detection wavelength of 320nm was considered as detection index, two factors of solvent concentration and extraction time were mainly studied at extraction temperature of 85℃ and a volume ratio of solvent to sample of 10∶1. Optimal subclass, quadric polynomial step by step aggression and neural network method were applied to process the experimental results. The results show that the first and second methods give the same factors combination (concentration of ethanol: 95%, extraction time: 3.6 h) and the second method is much better than the first one. The extraction model is consequently developed.
文摘针对Turbo码全并行译码算法译码迭代次数多、硬件消耗大的问题,提出了一种基于RADIX-4的改进译码算法。将译码算法中状态转移图的相邻两步状态合并为一步计算,译码时以"比特对"的形式操作进行迭代。在保留译码最大并行度同时,译码计算单元使用量减少一半,显著降低了Turbo码全并行译码算法的运算复杂度和存储开销。仿真结果表明,在相同迭代次数条件下,该方法的译码性能较全并行译码算法平均提高约0.5 d B。
基金The project supported by Medical Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province(2016WS0611)Science and Technology Development Plan of Tai'an City(2016NS1070)
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Radix Cynanchum bungei extract(RCBE) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) and acute cerebral ischemia induced impairment in mice.METHODS I/R model was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion(BCAO)-reperfusion method and Y-maze learning and memory performance was assessed after reperfusion. Na^+-K^+-ATPase,Ca^(2+)-ATPase and SOD activity,as well as MDA content in mouse brain tissue were measured. Numbers of mouth-opening breaths of the isolated mouse head were observed in acute cerebral ischemia mice.RESULTS Learning and memory ability in mice with RCBE were improved significantly compared with model group. The activity of SOD,Na^+-K^+-ATPase and Ca^(2+)-ATPase were increased,while MDA contents decreased after RCBE(0.5,1.0 and 2.0 g·kg^(-1)) and piracetam(0.5 g·kg^(-1)) treatment compared with the model group. RCBE at all concentrations significantly prolonged the number of mouth-opening breaths of the isolated mouse head. CONCLUSION RCBE preconditioning exerts a marked neuroprotective effect on the ischemia brain,which is related to improve the learning and memory via regulating energy metabolism and anti-oxidation.
文摘Aim The study focused on identification and antidepression active verification of constituents from An- gelica Sinensis Radix contrubuting to Xiaoyaosan based on UPLC-PDA guided isolation technique. Methods The UPLC-PDA chromatogram of Xiaoyaosan was compared with that of Angelica Sinensis Radix. The relative retention time of each peak and the Uhraviolet spectra providing by PDA were used in the analyses. Constituents were isola- ted from Angelica Sinensis Radix under the guidance of UPLC-PDA investigation. Structures of the isolates were elu- cidated by NMR techniques. Anti-depression effect was evaluated on glutamate-induced neurons. Results Five marker peaks of Xiaoyaosan fingerprint were belong to Angelica Sinensis Radix, and they were determined as conife- ryl ferulate（ I）, E-butylidenephthalide （ II）, ligustilide （III）, Z-butylidenephthalide （ IV ）, 14-Acetoxy-12-sene- cioyloxytetradeca-2E,8E,10E-trien-4,6-diyn-l-ol（V）. Compound V was isolated from the plants of Umbelliferae for the first time. Treatment with compound I, III, IV can protect PC12 and SH-SY5Y cell from glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. Antidepression bioactivity of compound I was first investigated. Conclusion UPLC-PDA guided iso-lation technique was confirmed to be a rapid and accurate method to identify the main active constituents from An- gelica Sinensis Radix contrubuting to Xiaoyaosan.
基金supported by Macao Foundation(Project code:0212)FDCT grant from the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao(Project code:076/2011/A3)
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the autophagic effect of the compounds from the Chinese medicinal herbs,Radix polygalae as a potential neuroprotective agent that enhances the clearance of mutant Huntingtin andα-synuclein in PC-12 cells.METHODS Radix polygalae was extracted with 75%ethanol using refluxing method,and its quality was assayed by UHPLC-TOF-MS.The autophagic effect of Radix polygalae extract,and its major components including polygalacic acid,senegenin and onjisaponin B were investigated using the green fluorescent protein-light chain 3(GFP-LC3)autophagy detection and Western blot platforms for detecting the autophagic markers,GFP-LC3 puncta formation and LC3Ⅱ expression.The degradation of A53Tα-synuclein and the inhibition of α-synuclein oligo merization related to the Parkinson disease were assayed using Western blot and flow cytometer analysis,respectively.While the cytotoxicity and the degradation of the mutant Huntingtin associated with the Huntingtin disease were investigated using MTT method and flow cytometer analysis.RESULTS Radix polygalae ethanol extract and onjisaponin B improved the GFP-LC3 puncta formation and expression of LC3Ⅱ with time and dose manner,and this induction was activated via AMPK-m TOR and Atg 7 gene pathway.Furthermore,the clearance ofα-synuclein and mutant Huntingtin was enhanced via autophagy induction with the treatment of Radix polygalae ethanol extract and onjisaponin B.CONCLUSION Findings in the current study provide detailed insights into the protective mechanism of a novel autophagy inducer,onjisaponin B,which is valuable for further investigation as a new candidate agent for modulating neurodegenerative disorders through the reduction of toxicity and clearance of mutant proteins in the cellular level.
