空间调制(SM)系统中性能最优的最大似然(ML)检测算法复杂度很高,用基于信道矩阵QR分解的M算法(QRD-M)可以降低复杂度,但传统QRD-M算法检测时,每层都保留固定的M个节点,仍会造成额外的计算量。针对传统QRD-M算法中存在的问题,提出一种低...空间调制(SM)系统中性能最优的最大似然(ML)检测算法复杂度很高,用基于信道矩阵QR分解的M算法(QRD-M)可以降低复杂度,但传统QRD-M算法检测时,每层都保留固定的M个节点,仍会造成额外的计算量。针对传统QRD-M算法中存在的问题,提出一种低复杂度的动态M值QRD-M检测算法——LC-QRD-dM。LC-QRD-dM算法利用设计的阈值与累积分支度量值进行比较,每层自适应地选择不超过M的保留节点数,相对于传统QRD-M算法以牺牲少量性能为代价大大降低了复杂度。接着又针对该改进算法在信道衰落较深时会产生较大误码率的问题,进一步提出一种基于信道状态的动态M值QRD-M检测算法——CS-QRD-dM。CS-QRD-dM利用LC-QRD-dM的原理,在低信噪比(SNR)时,每层根据阈值选择不小于M的保留节点数;在高信噪比时,每层则选择不超过M的保留节点数。理论分析和仿真结果表明:相比传统QRD-M,CS-QRD-dM在低信噪比时有约1. 3 d B的信噪比增益(误码率为10-2),以增加少量复杂度为代价,显著地改善了检测性能;在高信噪比时,其检测性能及复杂度与LC-QRD-dM相同。展开更多
In order to protect copyright of digital images,a new robust digital image watermarking algorithm based on chaotic system and QR factorization was proposed.The host images were firstly divided into blocks with same si...In order to protect copyright of digital images,a new robust digital image watermarking algorithm based on chaotic system and QR factorization was proposed.The host images were firstly divided into blocks with same size,then QR factorization was performed on each block.Pseudorandom circular chain(PCC) generated by logistic mapping(LM) was applied to select the embedding blocks for enhancing the security of the scheme.The first column coefficients in Q matrix of chosen blocks were modified to embed watermarks without causing noticeable artifacts.Watermark extraction procedure was performed without the original cover image.The experimental results demonstrate that the watermarked images have good visual quality and this scheme is better than the existing techniques,especially when the image is attacked by cropping,noise pollution and so on.Analysis and discussion on robustness and security issues were also presented.展开更多
文摘空间调制(SM)系统中性能最优的最大似然(ML)检测算法复杂度很高,用基于信道矩阵QR分解的M算法(QRD-M)可以降低复杂度,但传统QRD-M算法检测时,每层都保留固定的M个节点,仍会造成额外的计算量。针对传统QRD-M算法中存在的问题,提出一种低复杂度的动态M值QRD-M检测算法——LC-QRD-dM。LC-QRD-dM算法利用设计的阈值与累积分支度量值进行比较,每层自适应地选择不超过M的保留节点数,相对于传统QRD-M算法以牺牲少量性能为代价大大降低了复杂度。接着又针对该改进算法在信道衰落较深时会产生较大误码率的问题,进一步提出一种基于信道状态的动态M值QRD-M检测算法——CS-QRD-dM。CS-QRD-dM利用LC-QRD-dM的原理,在低信噪比(SNR)时,每层根据阈值选择不小于M的保留节点数;在高信噪比时,每层则选择不超过M的保留节点数。理论分析和仿真结果表明:相比传统QRD-M,CS-QRD-dM在低信噪比时有约1. 3 d B的信噪比增益(误码率为10-2),以增加少量复杂度为代价,显著地改善了检测性能;在高信噪比时,其检测性能及复杂度与LC-QRD-dM相同。
基金Project(2007AA01Z241-2) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2006XM002) supported by Beijing Jiaotong University Science Foundation,ChinaProject(0910KYZY55) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University in China
文摘In order to protect copyright of digital images,a new robust digital image watermarking algorithm based on chaotic system and QR factorization was proposed.The host images were firstly divided into blocks with same size,then QR factorization was performed on each block.Pseudorandom circular chain(PCC) generated by logistic mapping(LM) was applied to select the embedding blocks for enhancing the security of the scheme.The first column coefficients in Q matrix of chosen blocks were modified to embed watermarks without causing noticeable artifacts.Watermark extraction procedure was performed without the original cover image.The experimental results demonstrate that the watermarked images have good visual quality and this scheme is better than the existing techniques,especially when the image is attacked by cropping,noise pollution and so on.Analysis and discussion on robustness and security issues were also presented.
