The construction of waste rock dumps on existing tailing ponds has been put into practice in China to save precious land resources. This work focuses on the safety assessment of the Daheishan molybdenum mine waste roc...The construction of waste rock dumps on existing tailing ponds has been put into practice in China to save precious land resources. This work focuses on the safety assessment of the Daheishan molybdenum mine waste rock dump under construction on two adjoining tailings ponds. The consolidation of the tailings foundation and the filling quality of the waste rock are investigated by the transient electromagnetic method through detecting water-rich areas and loose packing areas, from which, the depth of phreatic line is also estimated. With such information and the material parameters, the numerical method based on shear strength reduction is applied to analyzing the overall stability of the waste rock dump and the tailings ponds over a number of typical cross sections under both current and designed conditions, where the complex geological profiles exposed by site investigation are considered. Through numerical experiments, the influence of soft lenses in the tailings and possible loose packing areas in the waste rock is examined. Although large displacements may develop due to the soft tailings foundation, the results show that the waste rock dump satisfies the safety requirements under both present and designed conditions.展开更多
为简化前处理过程,降低方法的检出限,进行了题示研究。采集鱼塘底泥样品,混匀、缩分、冷冻干燥、除杂、研磨、过筛后混匀,分取5.00 g,加入10.0μg·L^(-1)^(13)C_(6)-氯硝柳胺水合物标准溶液0.2 m L和含2.0%(体积分数)氨水的乙腈溶...为简化前处理过程,降低方法的检出限,进行了题示研究。采集鱼塘底泥样品,混匀、缩分、冷冻干燥、除杂、研磨、过筛后混匀,分取5.00 g,加入10.0μg·L^(-1)^(13)C_(6)-氯硝柳胺水合物标准溶液0.2 m L和含2.0%(体积分数)氨水的乙腈溶液20 m L,涡旋1 min,超声10 min,离心8 min。上清液于45℃旋蒸至近干,加入2.00 m L 70%(体积分数)乙腈溶液涡旋溶解残留物,再加入200 mg C18涡旋振荡30 s,离心5 min。收集上清液,过0.22μm有机滤膜,滤液采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定。在色谱分析中,以Waters Atiantis^(TM) d C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,水-乙腈体系为流动相进行梯度洗脱;在质谱分析中,以电喷雾离子源负离子(ESI-)模式电离,选择反应监测(SRM)模式检测,内标法定量。结果显示,氯硝柳胺的质量浓度在0.20~50.00μg·L^(-1)内和其定量离子峰面积与同位素内标定量离子峰面积的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.2μg·kg^(-1)。按照标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为92.1%~113%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.6%~5.9%。方法用于实际样品的分析,检出的氯硝柳胺的质量分数为0.580~2.18 mg·kg^(-1)。展开更多
尾矿库溃坝致灾因素多、发生频次高、破坏性强,通过尾矿坝溃坝分析(Tailings Dam Breach Analysis,TDBA)模拟预测潜在溃坝事故释放泥流运移过程与淹没范围,有助于避免或减少溃坝灾害负面影响。为提升TDBA过程规范性与结果可信度,从模拟...尾矿库溃坝致灾因素多、发生频次高、破坏性强,通过尾矿坝溃坝分析(Tailings Dam Breach Analysis,TDBA)模拟预测潜在溃坝事故释放泥流运移过程与淹没范围,有助于避免或减少溃坝灾害负面影响。为提升TDBA过程规范性与结果可信度,从模拟方法入手系统梳理国内外研究动态与发展趋势。结果表明:物理相似模拟根据相似比尺设置可分为正态与变态模型,应平衡模型复杂性与实用性,模型砂选取依据和试验观测方法有待进一步改进;不存在绝对准确的数值模拟方法,应重点研究模拟结果的工程应用价值;溃坝泥流分类体系尚不健全,应综合考虑泥流浓度、密度、级配组成等制定分类依据,据此选取适用的流变模型。TDBA方法研究与工程应用可为库区规划选址、加高扩容论证、防减灾措施布置等提供依据,助力实现“零伤亡、零危害”的尾矿库安全管理目标。展开更多
在积水入渗试验中,气阻效应会阻碍渗流并影响湿润锋的形态.针对不同通气条件下湿润锋的气阻效应,进行了无通气、中部通气10k Pa、20k Pa以及底部通气20k Pa 4种不同工况下的土柱入渗试验,通过埋设传感器以及外部拍照两种方式,动态监测...在积水入渗试验中,气阻效应会阻碍渗流并影响湿润锋的形态.针对不同通气条件下湿润锋的气阻效应,进行了无通气、中部通气10k Pa、20k Pa以及底部通气20k Pa 4种不同工况下的土柱入渗试验,通过埋设传感器以及外部拍照两种方式,动态监测了湿润锋运移过程并进行了对比.结果表明:温度传感器和外部监测对湿润锋位置的捕捉吻合度良好,湿度传感器对湿润锋的响应略早,而体积含水率传感器的响应则滞后;通气气压大小对湿润锋有显著影响,相同通气压力下,通气位置不同对初期入渗影响较大,对湿润锋达到底部总体时间影响较小.研究成果对湿润锋动态监测以及揭示通气阻渗机理具有重要参考价值.展开更多
基金Projects(51209118,71373245)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014JBKY01)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for CASST,China
文摘The construction of waste rock dumps on existing tailing ponds has been put into practice in China to save precious land resources. This work focuses on the safety assessment of the Daheishan molybdenum mine waste rock dump under construction on two adjoining tailings ponds. The consolidation of the tailings foundation and the filling quality of the waste rock are investigated by the transient electromagnetic method through detecting water-rich areas and loose packing areas, from which, the depth of phreatic line is also estimated. With such information and the material parameters, the numerical method based on shear strength reduction is applied to analyzing the overall stability of the waste rock dump and the tailings ponds over a number of typical cross sections under both current and designed conditions, where the complex geological profiles exposed by site investigation are considered. Through numerical experiments, the influence of soft lenses in the tailings and possible loose packing areas in the waste rock is examined. Although large displacements may develop due to the soft tailings foundation, the results show that the waste rock dump satisfies the safety requirements under both present and designed conditions.
文摘为简化前处理过程,降低方法的检出限,进行了题示研究。采集鱼塘底泥样品,混匀、缩分、冷冻干燥、除杂、研磨、过筛后混匀,分取5.00 g,加入10.0μg·L^(-1)^(13)C_(6)-氯硝柳胺水合物标准溶液0.2 m L和含2.0%(体积分数)氨水的乙腈溶液20 m L,涡旋1 min,超声10 min,离心8 min。上清液于45℃旋蒸至近干,加入2.00 m L 70%(体积分数)乙腈溶液涡旋溶解残留物,再加入200 mg C18涡旋振荡30 s,离心5 min。收集上清液,过0.22μm有机滤膜,滤液采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定。在色谱分析中,以Waters Atiantis^(TM) d C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,水-乙腈体系为流动相进行梯度洗脱;在质谱分析中,以电喷雾离子源负离子(ESI-)模式电离,选择反应监测(SRM)模式检测,内标法定量。结果显示,氯硝柳胺的质量浓度在0.20~50.00μg·L^(-1)内和其定量离子峰面积与同位素内标定量离子峰面积的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.2μg·kg^(-1)。按照标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为92.1%~113%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.6%~5.9%。方法用于实际样品的分析,检出的氯硝柳胺的质量分数为0.580~2.18 mg·kg^(-1)。
文摘尾矿库溃坝致灾因素多、发生频次高、破坏性强,通过尾矿坝溃坝分析(Tailings Dam Breach Analysis,TDBA)模拟预测潜在溃坝事故释放泥流运移过程与淹没范围,有助于避免或减少溃坝灾害负面影响。为提升TDBA过程规范性与结果可信度,从模拟方法入手系统梳理国内外研究动态与发展趋势。结果表明:物理相似模拟根据相似比尺设置可分为正态与变态模型,应平衡模型复杂性与实用性,模型砂选取依据和试验观测方法有待进一步改进;不存在绝对准确的数值模拟方法,应重点研究模拟结果的工程应用价值;溃坝泥流分类体系尚不健全,应综合考虑泥流浓度、密度、级配组成等制定分类依据,据此选取适用的流变模型。TDBA方法研究与工程应用可为库区规划选址、加高扩容论证、防减灾措施布置等提供依据,助力实现“零伤亡、零危害”的尾矿库安全管理目标。
文摘在积水入渗试验中,气阻效应会阻碍渗流并影响湿润锋的形态.针对不同通气条件下湿润锋的气阻效应,进行了无通气、中部通气10k Pa、20k Pa以及底部通气20k Pa 4种不同工况下的土柱入渗试验,通过埋设传感器以及外部拍照两种方式,动态监测了湿润锋运移过程并进行了对比.结果表明:温度传感器和外部监测对湿润锋位置的捕捉吻合度良好,湿度传感器对湿润锋的响应略早,而体积含水率传感器的响应则滞后;通气气压大小对湿润锋有显著影响,相同通气压力下,通气位置不同对初期入渗影响较大,对湿润锋达到底部总体时间影响较小.研究成果对湿润锋动态监测以及揭示通气阻渗机理具有重要参考价值.
