Isopiestic molalities, vapor pressures and osmotic coefficients of aqueous Li 2B 4O 7 solutions from 0.027 5 to 2.939 7 mol/kg were determined at 298.15 K by using an improved apparatus. The rule of the changes in vap...Isopiestic molalities, vapor pressures and osmotic coefficients of aqueous Li 2B 4O 7 solutions from 0.027 5 to 2.939 7 mol/kg were determined at 298.15 K by using an improved apparatus. The rule of the changes in vapor pressure over aqueous Li 2B 4O 7 solutions was revealed, which indicated that the bond of borate anions with water are better than that of NaCl. The different formation reaction equilibria for the species containing boron of boric acid and borate anions B(OH) - 4, B 3O 3(OH) - 4 and B 4O 5(OH) 2- 4 in Li 2B 4O 7(aq) solutions were taken into account. The stoichiometric equilibrium constants for the formation reactions of the boron species and the ion-interaction parameters were estimated simultaneously by using Pitzer equations of osmotic coefficient with minor modifications. Sixteen parameters were obtained with a standard deviation 0.005 5 for the ion-interaction model.展开更多
Ablation excited by current pulses is a very critical physical process in pulse plasma thrusters(PPT).Its effects on wall-plasma interaction directly determine the PPT performances.In order to reveal the process of th...Ablation excited by current pulses is a very critical physical process in pulse plasma thrusters(PPT).Its effects on wall-plasma interaction directly determine the PPT performances.In order to reveal the process of the ablated wall interaction with the discharge plasma in PPT,ablation models formulated by three different boundary conditions at the wall-plasma interface are studied.These are the two widely used high-speed evaporation models(Model-L and Model-M),and the recently developed Keida-Zaghloul model(Model-K)of the Knudsen layer that takes into account the internal degrees of freedom on the energy flux conservation.First,fundamental mechanisms of the three ablation models are clarified by comparative analysis in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the wall-plasma interaction.Then,the applicability of different ablation models with the numerical solutions of LES-6 PPT is investigated in detail using magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)modeling.Results show that Model-L and Model-M are actually special cases of Model-K when a simplified jump conditions limited by high velocity at the vapor/plasma interface is used;A ratio of ablation rate in Model-L to that in Model-M is about 0.8at the same wall surface temperature,while it rises to 1 at different surface temperature determined by Model-L and Model-M in PPT.Even though Model-K solution requires significant computational time,it shows more accurate ablation feature for the wall-plasma interaction and possesses better computing precision of impulse bit during post-pulse which is useful for future studies of the late time ablation.展开更多
O731 2000021386非简谐性离子晶格在光场中的能谱:动态斯塔克效应=Energy spectrum of anharmonic ionic-crystallattice in lightfield a dynamical Stark effect[刊,中]/欧发(华南理工大学应用物理系.广东,广州(510641)),何明高,吴福...O731 2000021386非简谐性离子晶格在光场中的能谱:动态斯塔克效应=Energy spectrum of anharmonic ionic-crystallattice in lightfield a dynamical Stark effect[刊,中]/欧发(华南理工大学应用物理系.广东,广州(510641)),何明高,吴福根(广东工业大学数理系.广东,广州(510090))//光学学报.-1999,19(7).-889-895以在偶极近似与旋转波近似下导出的哈密顿算符为基础,并以单模光频支声子与单模光场构成的共振耦合系统为简化模型,取得该耦合系统相互作用能谱的比较严格的解析解,同时还发现一种起源于声子-声子耦合的真空平移效应。图2参9(严寒)展开更多
文摘Isopiestic molalities, vapor pressures and osmotic coefficients of aqueous Li 2B 4O 7 solutions from 0.027 5 to 2.939 7 mol/kg were determined at 298.15 K by using an improved apparatus. The rule of the changes in vapor pressure over aqueous Li 2B 4O 7 solutions was revealed, which indicated that the bond of borate anions with water are better than that of NaCl. The different formation reaction equilibria for the species containing boron of boric acid and borate anions B(OH) - 4, B 3O 3(OH) - 4 and B 4O 5(OH) 2- 4 in Li 2B 4O 7(aq) solutions were taken into account. The stoichiometric equilibrium constants for the formation reactions of the boron species and the ion-interaction parameters were estimated simultaneously by using Pitzer equations of osmotic coefficient with minor modifications. Sixteen parameters were obtained with a standard deviation 0.005 5 for the ion-interaction model.
基金Project supported by Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(20121101120004)Basic Research Foundation of Beijing Institute of Technology(20120142015)
文摘Ablation excited by current pulses is a very critical physical process in pulse plasma thrusters(PPT).Its effects on wall-plasma interaction directly determine the PPT performances.In order to reveal the process of the ablated wall interaction with the discharge plasma in PPT,ablation models formulated by three different boundary conditions at the wall-plasma interface are studied.These are the two widely used high-speed evaporation models(Model-L and Model-M),and the recently developed Keida-Zaghloul model(Model-K)of the Knudsen layer that takes into account the internal degrees of freedom on the energy flux conservation.First,fundamental mechanisms of the three ablation models are clarified by comparative analysis in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the wall-plasma interaction.Then,the applicability of different ablation models with the numerical solutions of LES-6 PPT is investigated in detail using magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)modeling.Results show that Model-L and Model-M are actually special cases of Model-K when a simplified jump conditions limited by high velocity at the vapor/plasma interface is used;A ratio of ablation rate in Model-L to that in Model-M is about 0.8at the same wall surface temperature,while it rises to 1 at different surface temperature determined by Model-L and Model-M in PPT.Even though Model-K solution requires significant computational time,it shows more accurate ablation feature for the wall-plasma interaction and possesses better computing precision of impulse bit during post-pulse which is useful for future studies of the late time ablation.
文摘O731 2000021386非简谐性离子晶格在光场中的能谱:动态斯塔克效应=Energy spectrum of anharmonic ionic-crystallattice in lightfield a dynamical Stark effect[刊,中]/欧发(华南理工大学应用物理系.广东,广州(510641)),何明高,吴福根(广东工业大学数理系.广东,广州(510090))//光学学报.-1999,19(7).-889-895以在偶极近似与旋转波近似下导出的哈密顿算符为基础,并以单模光频支声子与单模光场构成的共振耦合系统为简化模型,取得该耦合系统相互作用能谱的比较严格的解析解,同时还发现一种起源于声子-声子耦合的真空平移效应。图2参9(严寒)
