The economic operation of integrated energy system(IES)faces new challenges such as multi-timescale characteristics of heterogeneous energy sources,and cooperative operation of hybrid energy storage system(HESS).To th...The economic operation of integrated energy system(IES)faces new challenges such as multi-timescale characteristics of heterogeneous energy sources,and cooperative operation of hybrid energy storage system(HESS).To this end,this paper investigates the multi-timescale rolling opti-mization problem for IES integrated with HESS.Firstly,the architecture of IES with HESS is established,a comparative analysis is conducted to evaluate the advantages of the HESS over a single energy storage system(SESS)in stabilizing power fluctuations.Secondly,the dayahead and real-time scheduling cost functions of IES are established,the day-ahead scheduling mainly depends on operation costs of the components in IES,the real-time optimal scheduling adopts the Lya-punov optimization method to schedule the battery and hydrogen energy storage in each time slot,so as to minimize the real-time average scheduling operation cost,and the problem of day-ahead and real-time scheduling error,which caused by the uncertainty of the energy storage is solved by online optimization.Finally,the proposed model is verified to reduce the scheduling operation cost and the dispatching error by performing an arithmetic example analysis of the IES in Shanghai,which provides a reference for the safe and stable operation of the IES.展开更多
Zero-carbon parks have broad prospects in carbon neutralization.As an energy hub,hydrogen energy storage plays an important role in zero-carbon parks.However,the nonlinear characteristics of hydrogen energy storage sy...Zero-carbon parks have broad prospects in carbon neutralization.As an energy hub,hydrogen energy storage plays an important role in zero-carbon parks.However,the nonlinear characteristics of hydrogen energy storage systems(HESSs)have a significant impact on the system economy.Therefore,considering the variable working condition characteristics of HESSs,a hybrid operation method is proposed for HESS,to support the efficient and economic operation of zero-carbon parks,By analyzing the operating principle of a zero-carbon park with HESS,the system structure framework and variable condition linearization model of the equipment in HESS are established.Moreover,considering the energy output characteristics of hydrogen energy storage equipment under variable working conditions,a multimodule hybrid operation strategy is proposed for electrolytic and fuel cells,effectively meeting the thermoelectric load demand of zero-carbon parks in different scenarios.Finally,the economy of the proposed hybrid operation strategy was verified in typical scenarios,using a zero-carbon park embedded with a HESS.展开更多
This study proposes a combined hybrid energy storage system(HESS) and transmission grid(TG) model, and a corresponding time series operation simulation(TSOS) model is established to relieve the peak-shaving pressure o...This study proposes a combined hybrid energy storage system(HESS) and transmission grid(TG) model, and a corresponding time series operation simulation(TSOS) model is established to relieve the peak-shaving pressure of power systems under the integration of renewable energy. First, a linear model for the optimal operation of the HESS is established, which considers the different power-efficiency characteristics of the pumped storage system, electrochemical storage system, and a new type of liquid compressed air energy storage. Second, a TSOS simulation model for peak shaving is built to maximize the power entering the grid from the wind farms and HESS. Based on the proposed model, this study considers the transmission capacity of a TG. By adding the power-flow constraints of the TG, a TSOS-based HESS and TG combination model for peak shaving is established. Finally, the improved IEEE-39 and IEEE-118 bus systems were considered as examples to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model.展开更多
The development of potential transition-metal carbide/nitride heterojunctions is hindered by overall understanding and precise modulation for heterointerface effects.Herein,we demonstrate that Mo_(2)C/Mo_(2)N heteroju...The development of potential transition-metal carbide/nitride heterojunctions is hindered by overall understanding and precise modulation for heterointerface effects.Herein,we demonstrate that Mo_(2)C/Mo_(2)N heterojunction with the precisely regulated high-quality interface can achieve marvelous rate performance and energy output via enlarging the interface-effect range and maximizing "accelerated charge" amount The heterointerface mechanism improving properties is synergistically revealed from kinetics and thermodynamics perspectives.Kinetics analysis confirms that the self-built electric field affords a robust force to drive rapid interface electrons/ions migration.The small adsorption energy,high density of states and quite low diffusion barrier thermodynamically enhance the electrochemical reaction dynamics on heterointerface.Consequently,the almost optimal performance of ultrahigh capacitance retention(85.6% even at 10 A g^(-1)) and pronounced energy output(96.4 Wh kg^(-1))in hybridsupercapacitors than other Mo_(2)C/Mo_(2)N-based materials is presented.This work gives new insight into the energy storage mechanism of heterojunction and guides the design of advanced electrodes.展开更多
Nanocarbon materials play a critical role in the development of new or improved technologies and devices for sustainable production and use of renewable energy. This perspective paper defines some of the trends and ou...Nanocarbon materials play a critical role in the development of new or improved technologies and devices for sustainable production and use of renewable energy. This perspective paper defines some of the trends and outlooks in this exciting area, with the effort of evidencing some of the possibilities offered from the growing level of knowledge, as testified from the exponentially rising number of publications, and putting bases for a more rational design of these nanomaterials. The basic members of the new carbon family are fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotube. Derived from them are carbon quantum dots, nanohorn, nanofiber, nano ribbon, nanocapsulate, nanocage and other nanomorphologies. Second generation nanocarbons are those which have been modified by surface functionalization or doping with heteroatoms to create specific tailored properties. The third generation of nanocarbons is the nanoarchitectured supramolecular hybrids or composites of the first and second genera- tion nanocarbons, or with organic or inorganic species. The advantages of the new carbon materials, relating to the field of sustainable energy, are discussed, evidencing the unique properties that they offer for developing next generation solar devices and energy storage solutions.展开更多
The rapid consumption of fossil fuel and increased environmental damage caused by it have given a strong impetus to the growth and development of fuelefficient vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have evolved fr...The rapid consumption of fossil fuel and increased environmental damage caused by it have given a strong impetus to the growth and development of fuelefficient vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have evolved from their inchoate state and are proving to be a promising solution to the serious existential problem posed to the planet earth. Not only do HEVs provide better fuel economy and lower emissions satisfying environmental legislations, but also they dampen the effect of rising fuel prices on consumers. HEVs combine the drive powers of an internal combustion engine and an electrical machine. The main components of HEVs are energy storage system, motor, bidirectional converter and maximum power point trackers (MPPT, in case of solar-powered HEVs). The performance of HEVs greatly depends on these components and its architecture. This paper presents an extensive review on essential components used in HEVs such as their architectures with advantages and disadvantages, choice of bidirectional converter to obtain high efficiency, combining ultracapacitor with battery to extend the battery life, traction motors’ role and their suitability for a particular application. Inclusion of photovoltaic cell in HEVs is a fairly new concept and has been discussed in detail. Various MPPT techniques used for solar-driven HEVs are also discussed in this paper with their suitability.展开更多
Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors(SCs)are considered as promising energy storage owing to their high energy density compared to traditional SCs.How to realize the miniaturization,patterning,and flexibility of the Zn-ion S...Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors(SCs)are considered as promising energy storage owing to their high energy density compared to traditional SCs.How to realize the miniaturization,patterning,and flexibility of the Zn-ion SCs without affecting the electrochemical performances has special meanings for expanding their applications in wearable integrated electronics.Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) cathode with outstanding conductivity,unique lamellar structure and good mechanical flexibility has been demonstrated tremen-dous potential in the design of Zn-ion SCs,but achieving long cycling stability and high rate stability is still big challenges.Here,we proposed a facile laser writing approach to fabricate patterned Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based Zn-ion micro-supercapacitors(MSCs),followed by the in-situ anneal treatment of the assembled MSCs to improve the long-term stability,which exhibits 80%of the capacitance retention even after 50,000 charge/discharge cycles and superior rate stability.The influence of the cathode thickness on the electrochemical performance of the MSCs is also studied.When the thickness reaches 0.851μm the maximum areal capacitance of 72.02 mF cm^(−2)at scan rate of 10 mV s^(−1),which is 1.77 times higher than that with a thickness of 0.329μm(35.6 mF cm^(−2)).Moreover,the fab-ricated Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) based Zn-ion MSCs have excellent flexibility,a digital timer can be driven by the single device even under bending state,a flexible LED displayer of“TiC”logo also can be easily lighted by the MSC arrays under twisting,crimping,and winding conditions,demonstrating the scalable fabrication and application of the fabricated MSCs in portable electronics.展开更多
Potassium-ion hybrid capacitors(PIHCs)as a burgeoning research hotspot are an ideal replacement for lithium-ion hybrid capacitors(LIHCs).Here,we report nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets(NPCNs)with enlarged inter...Potassium-ion hybrid capacitors(PIHCs)as a burgeoning research hotspot are an ideal replacement for lithium-ion hybrid capacitors(LIHCs).Here,we report nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets(NPCNs)with enlarged interlayer spacing,abundant defects,and favorable mesoporous structures.The structural changes of NPCNs in potassiation and depotassiation processes are analyzed by using Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Due to the unique structure of NPCNs,the PIHC device assembled using NPCNs as both the anode and cathode material(double-functional self-matching material)exhibits a superior energy density of 128 Wh kg^(-1)with a capacity retention of 90.8%after 9000 cycles.This research can promote the development of double-functional self-matching materials for hybrid energy storage devices with ultra-high performance.展开更多
Magnesium-lithium hybrid ion batteries have emerged as a new class of energy storage systems owing to dendrite free cycling of magnesium anode and possibility of practice of numerous conventional lithium cathodes.In p...Magnesium-lithium hybrid ion batteries have emerged as a new class of energy storage systems owing to dendrite free cycling of magnesium anode and possibility of practice of numerous conventional lithium cathodes.In present work,we used hybrid ion strategy to analyze the performance of lithium titanate based lithium cathode,magnesium metal anode,and all-phenyl complex(APC)electrolytes at different temperatures(25℃,10℃,0℃,-10℃,and-20℃).The hybrid ion battery exhibited excellent rate performance(228 m Ah g^(-1)/20 m A g^(-1) and 163 mAh g^(-1)/1000 mA g^(-1))with stable voltage plateaus at 0.90 and 0.75 V,which corresponds to specific energy of 178 Wh kg^(-1) at room temperature(25℃).Experimental results revealed that APC-THF solutions have strong potential to suppress the freezing of electrolyte solutions owing to low boiling point of THF.The low temperature electrochemical testing revealed the reversible capacities of 213.4,165.5,143.8,133.2 and 78.56 mAh g^(-1) at 25,10,0,-10,and-20℃,respectively.Furthermore,ex-situ XRD,SEM,and EIS tests were carried out to understand the reaction kinetics of both Mg2+and Li+ions inside the lithium titanate cathode.We hope this work will shed light on low temperature prospective of electrochemical devices for use in cold environments.展开更多
We report a wire-shaped three-dimensional(3D)-hybrid supercapacitor with high volumetric capacitance and high energy density due to an interconnected 3D-configuration of the electrode allowing for large number of elec...We report a wire-shaped three-dimensional(3D)-hybrid supercapacitor with high volumetric capacitance and high energy density due to an interconnected 3D-configuration of the electrode allowing for large number of electrochemical active sites,easy access of electrolyte ions,and facile charge transport for flexible wearable applications.The interconnected and compact electrode delivers a high volumetric capacitance(gravimetric capacitance)of 73 F cm−3(2446 F g−1),excellent rate capability,and cycle stability.The 3D-nickel cobalt-layered double hydroxide onto 3D-nickel wire(NiCo LDH/3D-Ni)//the 3D-manganese oxide onto 3D-nickel wire(Mn3O4/3D-Ni)hybrid supercapacitor exhibits energy density of 153.3 Wh kg−1 and power density of 8810 W kg−1.The red lightemitting diode powered by the as-prepared hybrid supercapacitor can operate for 80 min after being charged for tens of seconds and exhibit excellent electrochemical stability under various deformation conditions.The results verify that such wire-shaped 3D-hybrid supercapacitors are promising alternatives for batteries with long charge–discharge times,for smart wearable and implantable devices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12171145)。
文摘The economic operation of integrated energy system(IES)faces new challenges such as multi-timescale characteristics of heterogeneous energy sources,and cooperative operation of hybrid energy storage system(HESS).To this end,this paper investigates the multi-timescale rolling opti-mization problem for IES integrated with HESS.Firstly,the architecture of IES with HESS is established,a comparative analysis is conducted to evaluate the advantages of the HESS over a single energy storage system(SESS)in stabilizing power fluctuations.Secondly,the dayahead and real-time scheduling cost functions of IES are established,the day-ahead scheduling mainly depends on operation costs of the components in IES,the real-time optimal scheduling adopts the Lya-punov optimization method to schedule the battery and hydrogen energy storage in each time slot,so as to minimize the real-time average scheduling operation cost,and the problem of day-ahead and real-time scheduling error,which caused by the uncertainty of the energy storage is solved by online optimization.Finally,the proposed model is verified to reduce the scheduling operation cost and the dispatching error by performing an arithmetic example analysis of the IES in Shanghai,which provides a reference for the safe and stable operation of the IES.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(no.72471087)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(no.9242015).
文摘Zero-carbon parks have broad prospects in carbon neutralization.As an energy hub,hydrogen energy storage plays an important role in zero-carbon parks.However,the nonlinear characteristics of hydrogen energy storage systems(HESSs)have a significant impact on the system economy.Therefore,considering the variable working condition characteristics of HESSs,a hybrid operation method is proposed for HESS,to support the efficient and economic operation of zero-carbon parks,By analyzing the operating principle of a zero-carbon park with HESS,the system structure framework and variable condition linearization model of the equipment in HESS are established.Moreover,considering the energy output characteristics of hydrogen energy storage equipment under variable working conditions,a multimodule hybrid operation strategy is proposed for electrolytic and fuel cells,effectively meeting the thermoelectric load demand of zero-carbon parks in different scenarios.Finally,the economy of the proposed hybrid operation strategy was verified in typical scenarios,using a zero-carbon park embedded with a HESS.
基金supported by the State Grid Science and Technology Project (No.52999821N004)。
文摘This study proposes a combined hybrid energy storage system(HESS) and transmission grid(TG) model, and a corresponding time series operation simulation(TSOS) model is established to relieve the peak-shaving pressure of power systems under the integration of renewable energy. First, a linear model for the optimal operation of the HESS is established, which considers the different power-efficiency characteristics of the pumped storage system, electrochemical storage system, and a new type of liquid compressed air energy storage. Second, a TSOS simulation model for peak shaving is built to maximize the power entering the grid from the wind farms and HESS. Based on the proposed model, this study considers the transmission capacity of a TG. By adding the power-flow constraints of the TG, a TSOS-based HESS and TG combination model for peak shaving is established. Finally, the improved IEEE-39 and IEEE-118 bus systems were considered as examples to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Founding (2202050)the Beijing Institute of Technology scientific cooperation project (BITBLR2020010)+1 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China (21111120074)the National Nature Science Foundation of China (20806008)。
文摘The development of potential transition-metal carbide/nitride heterojunctions is hindered by overall understanding and precise modulation for heterointerface effects.Herein,we demonstrate that Mo_(2)C/Mo_(2)N heterojunction with the precisely regulated high-quality interface can achieve marvelous rate performance and energy output via enlarging the interface-effect range and maximizing "accelerated charge" amount The heterointerface mechanism improving properties is synergistically revealed from kinetics and thermodynamics perspectives.Kinetics analysis confirms that the self-built electric field affords a robust force to drive rapid interface electrons/ions migration.The small adsorption energy,high density of states and quite low diffusion barrier thermodynamically enhance the electrochemical reaction dynamics on heterointerface.Consequently,the almost optimal performance of ultrahigh capacitance retention(85.6% even at 10 A g^(-1)) and pronounced energy output(96.4 Wh kg^(-1))in hybridsupercapacitors than other Mo_(2)C/Mo_(2)N-based materials is presented.This work gives new insight into the energy storage mechanism of heterojunction and guides the design of advanced electrodes.
基金the financial support by MOST (2011CBA00504)NSFC (21133010, 50921004, 212111074) of China
文摘Nanocarbon materials play a critical role in the development of new or improved technologies and devices for sustainable production and use of renewable energy. This perspective paper defines some of the trends and outlooks in this exciting area, with the effort of evidencing some of the possibilities offered from the growing level of knowledge, as testified from the exponentially rising number of publications, and putting bases for a more rational design of these nanomaterials. The basic members of the new carbon family are fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotube. Derived from them are carbon quantum dots, nanohorn, nanofiber, nano ribbon, nanocapsulate, nanocage and other nanomorphologies. Second generation nanocarbons are those which have been modified by surface functionalization or doping with heteroatoms to create specific tailored properties. The third generation of nanocarbons is the nanoarchitectured supramolecular hybrids or composites of the first and second genera- tion nanocarbons, or with organic or inorganic species. The advantages of the new carbon materials, relating to the field of sustainable energy, are discussed, evidencing the unique properties that they offer for developing next generation solar devices and energy storage solutions.
文摘The rapid consumption of fossil fuel and increased environmental damage caused by it have given a strong impetus to the growth and development of fuelefficient vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have evolved from their inchoate state and are proving to be a promising solution to the serious existential problem posed to the planet earth. Not only do HEVs provide better fuel economy and lower emissions satisfying environmental legislations, but also they dampen the effect of rising fuel prices on consumers. HEVs combine the drive powers of an internal combustion engine and an electrical machine. The main components of HEVs are energy storage system, motor, bidirectional converter and maximum power point trackers (MPPT, in case of solar-powered HEVs). The performance of HEVs greatly depends on these components and its architecture. This paper presents an extensive review on essential components used in HEVs such as their architectures with advantages and disadvantages, choice of bidirectional converter to obtain high efficiency, combining ultracapacitor with battery to extend the battery life, traction motors’ role and their suitability for a particular application. Inclusion of photovoltaic cell in HEVs is a fairly new concept and has been discussed in detail. Various MPPT techniques used for solar-driven HEVs are also discussed in this paper with their suitability.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672308,51972025,61888102 and 62004187).
文摘Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors(SCs)are considered as promising energy storage owing to their high energy density compared to traditional SCs.How to realize the miniaturization,patterning,and flexibility of the Zn-ion SCs without affecting the electrochemical performances has special meanings for expanding their applications in wearable integrated electronics.Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) cathode with outstanding conductivity,unique lamellar structure and good mechanical flexibility has been demonstrated tremen-dous potential in the design of Zn-ion SCs,but achieving long cycling stability and high rate stability is still big challenges.Here,we proposed a facile laser writing approach to fabricate patterned Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based Zn-ion micro-supercapacitors(MSCs),followed by the in-situ anneal treatment of the assembled MSCs to improve the long-term stability,which exhibits 80%of the capacitance retention even after 50,000 charge/discharge cycles and superior rate stability.The influence of the cathode thickness on the electrochemical performance of the MSCs is also studied.When the thickness reaches 0.851μm the maximum areal capacitance of 72.02 mF cm^(−2)at scan rate of 10 mV s^(−1),which is 1.77 times higher than that with a thickness of 0.329μm(35.6 mF cm^(−2)).Moreover,the fab-ricated Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) based Zn-ion MSCs have excellent flexibility,a digital timer can be driven by the single device even under bending state,a flexible LED displayer of“TiC”logo also can be easily lighted by the MSC arrays under twisting,crimping,and winding conditions,demonstrating the scalable fabrication and application of the fabricated MSCs in portable electronics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21873026,21573061,21773059)。
文摘Potassium-ion hybrid capacitors(PIHCs)as a burgeoning research hotspot are an ideal replacement for lithium-ion hybrid capacitors(LIHCs).Here,we report nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosheets(NPCNs)with enlarged interlayer spacing,abundant defects,and favorable mesoporous structures.The structural changes of NPCNs in potassiation and depotassiation processes are analyzed by using Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Due to the unique structure of NPCNs,the PIHC device assembled using NPCNs as both the anode and cathode material(double-functional self-matching material)exhibits a superior energy density of 128 Wh kg^(-1)with a capacity retention of 90.8%after 9000 cycles.This research can promote the development of double-functional self-matching materials for hybrid energy storage devices with ultra-high performance.
基金JUST Research Start-Up Fund(1062921905)supported。
文摘Magnesium-lithium hybrid ion batteries have emerged as a new class of energy storage systems owing to dendrite free cycling of magnesium anode and possibility of practice of numerous conventional lithium cathodes.In present work,we used hybrid ion strategy to analyze the performance of lithium titanate based lithium cathode,magnesium metal anode,and all-phenyl complex(APC)electrolytes at different temperatures(25℃,10℃,0℃,-10℃,and-20℃).The hybrid ion battery exhibited excellent rate performance(228 m Ah g^(-1)/20 m A g^(-1) and 163 mAh g^(-1)/1000 mA g^(-1))with stable voltage plateaus at 0.90 and 0.75 V,which corresponds to specific energy of 178 Wh kg^(-1) at room temperature(25℃).Experimental results revealed that APC-THF solutions have strong potential to suppress the freezing of electrolyte solutions owing to low boiling point of THF.The low temperature electrochemical testing revealed the reversible capacities of 213.4,165.5,143.8,133.2 and 78.56 mAh g^(-1) at 25,10,0,-10,and-20℃,respectively.Furthermore,ex-situ XRD,SEM,and EIS tests were carried out to understand the reaction kinetics of both Mg2+and Li+ions inside the lithium titanate cathode.We hope this work will shed light on low temperature prospective of electrochemical devices for use in cold environments.
基金supported by national research foundation of Korea(NRF)(No.NRF-2019R1H1A2039743)S-Oil corporation,and “Human Resources Program in Energy Technology” of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy,Republic of Korea(No.20194010201890)
文摘We report a wire-shaped three-dimensional(3D)-hybrid supercapacitor with high volumetric capacitance and high energy density due to an interconnected 3D-configuration of the electrode allowing for large number of electrochemical active sites,easy access of electrolyte ions,and facile charge transport for flexible wearable applications.The interconnected and compact electrode delivers a high volumetric capacitance(gravimetric capacitance)of 73 F cm−3(2446 F g−1),excellent rate capability,and cycle stability.The 3D-nickel cobalt-layered double hydroxide onto 3D-nickel wire(NiCo LDH/3D-Ni)//the 3D-manganese oxide onto 3D-nickel wire(Mn3O4/3D-Ni)hybrid supercapacitor exhibits energy density of 153.3 Wh kg−1 and power density of 8810 W kg−1.The red lightemitting diode powered by the as-prepared hybrid supercapacitor can operate for 80 min after being charged for tens of seconds and exhibit excellent electrochemical stability under various deformation conditions.The results verify that such wire-shaped 3D-hybrid supercapacitors are promising alternatives for batteries with long charge–discharge times,for smart wearable and implantable devices.
