BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of ideal cardiovascular health(CVH) in reducing cardiovascular risk.However,its role in subclinical atherosclerosis(SA) progression remains unclear.We aim to ...BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of ideal cardiovascular health(CVH) in reducing cardiovascular risk.However,its role in subclinical atherosclerosis(SA) progression remains unclear.We aim to examine the association of CVH,estimated by the American Heart Association's new Life's Essential 8(LE8),with the progression of SA.METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted among 972 asymptomatic Chinese participants and followed up for5.7 years.The LE8 score(range,0–100) consisted of blood pressure,lipids,glucose,body mass index,smoking status,diet health,physical activity and sleep health was evaluated in 1998 and 2008–2009.Progression of SA was determined by carotid plaque and coronary artery calcification(CAC) in 2008–2009 and 2013–2014.Log-binomial regression model was used to estimate the association of LE8 score with SA progression.RESULTS Each 10 points increment in LE8 score was associated with 15.2%(RR:0.848,95% CI:0.797–0.902),17.7%(RR:0.823,95% CI:0.766–0.884) and 12.0%(RR:0.880,95% CI:0.845–0.916) lower risks of carotid plaque,CAC and overall SA progression,respectively.Compared with participants with non-ideal CVH at both visits,the participants with ideal CVH at both visits had39.1%(RR:0.609,95% CI:0.494–0.752),41.0%(RR:0.590,95% CI:0.456–0.764) and 29.7%(RR:0.703,95% CI:0.598–0.825) lower risks of carotid plaque,CAC and overall SA progression,respectively.CONCLUSIONS Higher LE8 scores were associated with lower risks of SA progression.Besides,long-term maintenance of optimal CVH was more beneficial to prevent SA progression.展开更多
With the rapid development of China＇s economy, coal resources are increasingly in great demand. As a result, the remaining coal reserves diminish gradually with large-scale exploitation of coal resources. Easily-foun...With the rapid development of China＇s economy, coal resources are increasingly in great demand. As a result, the remaining coal reserves diminish gradually with large-scale exploitation of coal resources. Easily-found mines which used to be identified from outcrops or were buried under shallow overburden are decreasing, especially in the prosperous eastern regions of China, which experience coal shortages. Currently the main targets of coal prospecting are concealed and unidentified underground coal bodies, making it more and more difficult for coal prospecting. It is therefore important to explore coal prospecting by taking advantage of modern remote sensing and geographic information system technologies. Given a theoretical basis for coal prospecting by remote sensing, we demonstrate the methodologies and existing problems systematically by summarizing past practices of coal prospecting with remote sensing. We propose a new theory of coal prospecting with remote sensing. In uncovered areas, coal resources can be prospected for by direct interpretation. In coal beating strata of developed areas covered by thin Quaternary strata or vegetation, prospecting for coal can be carried out by indirect interpretation of geomorphology and vegetation. For deeply buried underground deposits, coal prospecting can rely on tectonic structures, interpretation and analysis of new tectonic clues and regularity of coal formation and preservation controlled by tectonic structures. By applying newly hyper-spectral, multi-polarization, multi-angle, multi-temporal and multi-resolution remote sensing data and carrying out integrated analysis of geographic attributes, ground attributes, geophysical exploration results, geochemical exploration results, geological drilling results and remote sensing data by GIS tools, coal geology resources and mineralogical regularities can be explored and coal resource information can be acquired with some confidence.展开更多
BACKGROUND Increased homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and death.However,their prevention has not been effective in decreasing CVD risk.This study investigated the individu...BACKGROUND Increased homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and death.However,their prevention has not been effective in decreasing CVD risk.This study investigated the individual and combined associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with incident CVD events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population without a history of CVD.METHODS This prospective study was conducted among 1,257 elderly participants(mean age:69 years).A questionnaire survey,physical examinations,and laboratory tests were conducted to collect baseline data.Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as homocysteine level≥15μmol/L.H-type hypertension was defined as concomitant hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate individual and combined associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with the risks of incident CVD events and all-cause death.RESULTS Over a median of 4.84-year follow-up,hyperhomocysteinemia was independently associated with incident CVD events and all-cause death.The hazard ratios(HRs)were 1.45(95%CI:1.01−2.08)for incident CVD events and 1.55(95%CI:1.04−2.30)for all-cause death.After adjustment for confounding factors,H-type hypertension had the highest HRs for incident CVD events and all-cause death.The fully adjusted HRs were 2.44 for incident CVD events(95%CI:1.28−4.65),2.07 for stroke events(95%CI:1.01−4.29),8.33 for coronary events(95%CI:1.10−63.11),and 2.31 for all-cause death(95%CI:1.15−4.62).CONCLUSIONS Hyperhomocysteinemia was an independent risk factor,and when accompanied by hypertension,it contrib-uted to incident CVD events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population without a history of CVD.展开更多
Commercial oil flow has been obtained from the sandstone reservoir of the Lower Silurian Kelpintag Formation in the Well Shun-9 prospect area.In the present studies,10 Silurian oil and oil sand samples from six wells ...Commercial oil flow has been obtained from the sandstone reservoir of the Lower Silurian Kelpintag Formation in the Well Shun-9 prospect area.In the present studies,10 Silurian oil and oil sand samples from six wells in the area were analyzed for their molecular and carbon isotopic compositions,oil alteration（biodegradation）,oil source rock correlation and oil reservoir filling direction.All the Silurian oils and oil sands are characterized by low Pr/Ph and C21/C23 tricyclic terpane（〈1.0） ratios,＂V＂-pattern C27-C29 steranes distribution,low C28-sterane and triaromatic dinosterane abundances and light δ13C values,which can be correlated well with the carbonate source rock of the O3 l Lianglitage Formation.Different oil biodegradation levels have also been confirmed for the different oils/oil sands intervals.With the S1k2 seal,oils and oil sands from the S1k1 interval of the Kelpintag Formation have only suffered light biodegradation as confirmed by the presence of ＂UCM＂ and absence of 25-norhopanes,whereas the S1k3-1 oil sands were heavily biodegraded（proved by the presence of 25-norhopanes） due to the lack of the S1k2 seal,which suggests a significant role of the S1k2 seal in the protection of the Silurian oil reservoir.Based on the Ts/（Ts＋Tm） and 4-/1-MDBT ratios as reservoir filling tracers,a general oil filling direction from NW to SE has been also estimated for the Silurian oil reservoir in the Well Shun-9 prospect area.展开更多
Background The evidence regarding the association between leucocyte telomere length(LTL)and brain health is sparse and inconclusive.Aims To investigate the associations of LTL with brain structure and the risk of deme...Background The evidence regarding the association between leucocyte telomere length(LTL)and brain health is sparse and inconclusive.Aims To investigate the associations of LTL with brain structure and the risk of dementia based on a large-scale prospective study.Methods LTL in the peripheral blood was measured by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay from 439961 individuals in the UK Biobank recruited between 2006 and 2010 and followed up until 2020.Electronic health records were used to record the incidence of dementia,including Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and vascular dementia(VD).The brain structure,including total and regional brain volume,of 38740 participants was then assessed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Results During a median follow-up of 11.6 years,a total of 5820(1.3%)dementia cases were documented.The restricted cubic spline model showed significant overall associations between LTL and the risk of dementia and AD(p for overall<0.05).The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios(HRs)for the lowest LTL tertile compared with the highest LTL tertile were 1.14(95%confidence interval(CI):1.06 to 1.21)for dementia,1.28(95%CI:1.12 to 1.46)for AD and 1.18(95%CI:0.98 to 1.42)for VD.Furthermore,we found that shorter LTL was associated with smaller total brain volume(β=−0.0128,p=0.003),white matter volume(β=−0.0224,p<0.001),hippocampus volume(β=−0.0172,p<0.001),thalamus volume(β=−0.0239,p<0.001)and accumbens(β=−0.0155,p=0.001).Conclusions Shorter LTL is associated with total and regional brain structure and a higher risk of incident dementia and AD,implying the potential of telomere length as a predictive biomarker of brain health.展开更多
Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography corona...Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of metoprolol standard dosing pathway(MSDP)in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS In this multicenter,prospective,open label,single-arm and...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of metoprolol standard dosing pathway(MSDP)in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS In this multicenter,prospective,open label,single-arm and interventional study that was conducted from February 2018 to April 2019 in fifteen Chinese hospitals.A total of 998 hospitalized patients aged≥18 years and diagnosed with ACS were included.The MSDP was applied to all eligible ACS patients based on the standard treatment recommended by international guidelines.The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving the target dose at discharge(V2).The secondary endpoints included the heart rate and blood pressure at V2 and four weeks after discharge(V4),and percentage of patients experiencing bradycardia(heart rate<50 beats/min),hypotension(blood pressure<90/60 mmHg)and transient cardiac dysfunction at V2 and V4.RESULTS Of the 998 patients,29.46%of patients achieved the target dose(≥95 mg/d)at V2.The total population was divided into two groups:target group(patients achieving the target dose at V2)and non-target group(patients not achieving the target dose at V2).There was significant difference in the reduction of heart rate from baseline to discharge in the two groups(-4.97±11.90beats/min vs.-2.70±9.47 beats/min,P=0.034).There was no significant difference in the proportion of bradycardia that occurred in the two groups at V2(0 vs.0,P=1.000)and V4(0.81%vs.0.33%,P=0.715).There was no significant difference in the proportion of hypotension between the two groups at V2(0.004%vs.0.004%,P=1.000)and V4(0 vs.0.005%,P=0.560).No transient cardiac dysfunction occurred in two groups during the study.A total of five adverse events(1.70%)and one serious adverse event(0.34%)were related to the pathway in target group.CONCLUSIONS In Chinese ACS patients,the feasibility and tolerability of the MSDP have been proved to be acceptable.展开更多
A great development has been achieved on thick seam longwall top-coal caving technology in China for the recent years, which has raised face output and efficiency and reduced production cost greatly. In this paper, ac...A great development has been achieved on thick seam longwall top-coal caving technology in China for the recent years, which has raised face output and efficiency and reduced production cost greatly. In this paper, achievements in its production, safety and theoretical research and future tasks are discussed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a significant contributor to the disease burden in geriatric patients.Underlying systemic inflammation is thought to be the cause of age-related changes in the bone marrow and a ma...BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a significant contributor to the disease burden in geriatric patients.Underlying systemic inflammation is thought to be the cause of age-related changes in the bone marrow and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis.The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of these hematological biomarkers in predicting 30-day mortality in older patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS This was a prospective observational study of 601 older adult patients(age>60 years)with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention over two years(2017-2019).The relationship between baseline hematological parameters and mortality was assessed during the 30-day follow-up.Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were done to evaluate for diagnostic accuracy of various hematological parameters.RESULTS The mean age of presentation was 77±17 years.The mean neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)value was 5.07±4.90 and the mean platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)value was 108.65±85.82.On univariate analysis,total leucocyte count[odds ratio(OR)=0.85,P=0.021],hematocrit(OR=0.91,P=0.018),NLR(OR=1.10,P=0.001)and PLR(OR=1.05,P=0.001)were associated with mortality.On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,NLR predicted mortality with 68.1%and PLR with 65.7%accuracy.On multivariate analysis,NLR(OR=1.096,95%CI:1.006-1.15,P=0.035)was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS For the risk classification of all elderly ACS patients,we highly advise using NLR rather than the total white blood cell count.展开更多
Drilling,seismic and logging data were used to evaluate the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of the mound-shoal complexes in the platform margin of the fourth member of Sinian Dengying Formation in the east side of...Drilling,seismic and logging data were used to evaluate the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of the mound-shoal complexes in the platform margin of the fourth member of Sinian Dengying Formation in the east side of the Mianzhu-Changning intracratonic rift in the Sichuan Basin.The four understandings are:(1)The platform margin belt of the Deng 4 Member can be divided into three sections,northern,middle and southern;the middle section is at the core of the Gaoshiti-Moxi paleouplift and the structural high now,while the southern and northern sections are at the slope of the paleouplift and the structural lows now;the three sections have similar development characteristics and reservoir features of platform margin mound-shoal complex.(2)In the margin of the east side of the rift,there are several faults nearly perpendicular to the platform margin belt,the faults divide the platform margin belt into rugged paleo-landform,and the high part developed platform margin mound-shoal complexes and the reservoirs are good in physical properties,while the low part developed inter-beach depression and no mound-shoal complexes,where the reservoirs are poor in physical properties.(3)The six groups of faults nearly perpendicular to the platform margin belt divide the platform margin belt into seven large mound-shoal complexes which have similar hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and accumulation evolution process and are rich in petroleum.(4)The inter shoal depressions between the mound-shoal complexes are characterized by tighter lithology,which can block the updip direction of the mounds and shoals at the lower part of the slope of the paleouplift and are favorable for the later preservation of mound-shoal gas reservoirs.This has been proved by Well Jiaotan 1 and Heshen 2 drilled successfully.The mound-shoal complexes on the platform margin of the structural slope area have a good exploration prospect.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chinese herbal medicine is widely used as a complement or alternative treatment in coronary artery disease(CAD)patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in China.We compared the incidence of the...BACKGROUND Chinese herbal medicine is widely used as a complement or alternative treatment in coronary artery disease(CAD)patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in China.We compared the incidence of the major adverse cardi-ovascular event(MACE)of CAD patients with or without the complement use of Chinese herbal medicine after PCI.METHODS In this prospective,observational study that was conducted from September 2016 to August 2019 in Fuwai Hospital(China),we followed up consecutive patients who received PCI treatment for two years.MACE was defined as the composite all-cause mortality,revascularization,and myocardial infarction(MI)and was compared between those using(integrative medicine group)or those not using Chinese herbal medicine as an additional treatment to standard Western medicine,with unadjusted(Kaplan-Meier curves)and risk-adjusted(multivariable Cox regression)analyses.RESULTS A total of 5942 patients after PCI were enrolled in this study,and 5453 patients were included in the final analysis(4189[76.8%]male;mean age:61.9±9.9%years).During the follow-ups,2932(53.8%)patients used only Western medicine while 2521(46.2%)patients had used Chinese herbal medicine as an additional treatment to standard Western medicine.Patients in the integrative medicine group(IM group)were older than the Western medicine group(WM group),had more females and less pre-vious MI.The incidence of MACE was 15.3%(449/2932)in WM group and 11.54%(291/2521)in IM group.Cox regression ana-lysis showed that cumulative incidence of MACE was 27%lower in patients of the IM group than those in WM group(hazard ra-tio=0.73;95%CI:0.63-0.85;P<0.0001).CONCLUSIONS For CAD patients after PCI treatment,complement use of Chinese herbal medicine is associated with a lower 2-year MACE incidence.Randomized prospective studies are warranted to provide higher levels of benefit evidence in these pa-tients.展开更多
This article outlines the development of separated zone oil production in foreign countries,and details its development in China.According to the development process,production needs,technical characteristics and adap...This article outlines the development of separated zone oil production in foreign countries,and details its development in China.According to the development process,production needs,technical characteristics and adaptability of oilfields in China,the development of separate zone oil production technology is divided into four stages:flowing well zonal oil production,mechanical recovery and water blocking,hydraulically adjustable zonal oil production,and intelligent zonal production.The principles,construction processes,adaptability,advantages and disadvantages of the technology are introduced in detail.Based on the actual production situation of the oilfields in China at present,three development directions of the technology are proposed.First,the real-time monitoring and adjustment level of separated zone oil production needs to be improved by developing downhole sensor technology and two-way communication technology between ground and downhole and enhancing full life cycle service capability and adaptability to horizontal wells.Second,an integrated platform of zonal oil production and management should be built using a digital artificial lifting system.Third,integration of injection and production should be implemented through large-scale application of zonal oil production and zonal water injection to improve matching and adjustment level between the injection and production parameters,thus making the development adjustment from"lag control"to"real-time optimization"and improving the development effect.展开更多
Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)is a powerful technology to characterize the petrophysical properties of underground reservoirs in the petroleum industry.The rising complexity of oil and gas exploration and de...Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)is a powerful technology to characterize the petrophysical properties of underground reservoirs in the petroleum industry.The rising complexity of oil and gas exploration and development objectives,as well as the novel application contexts of underground reservoirs,have led to increasingly demanding requirements on borehole NMR technology including instrument design and related processing methods.This mini review summarizes the advances and applications of borehole NMR instruments along with some future possibilities.It may be helpful for researchers and engineers in the petroleum industry to understand the development status and future trends of borehole NMR technology.展开更多
The geological prospecting radar, a high-techuology rapidly developed in recent years, is used in the field of nondestructive testing and object detecting, in accordance with the reflection principle of high-frequency...The geological prospecting radar, a high-techuology rapidly developed in recent years, is used in the field of nondestructive testing and object detecting, in accordance with the reflection principle of high-frequency electromagnetic wave. It will be effective if there exists a large difference in the electromagnetic properties between an object body and its surroundings. The result of using the geological prospecting radar in detecting the concrete blocks with ber in the capital internatioual airport’s east runway is aualyed in detail herein. The introduction of the geological prospecting radar provides a new approach to nondotodive testing.展开更多
A new method is proposed to prospect copper deposits with portable XRF analyzer. The method is based on the close relation between Cu and the chalcophile elements or some other elements in the geochemical anomalies of...A new method is proposed to prospect copper deposits with portable XRF analyzer. The method is based on the close relation between Cu and the chalcophile elements or some other elements in the geochemical anomalies of a Cu deposit. Applications of the technique in Northeast China are presented.展开更多
Reviewed are the present status and future prospects of the laser fusionresearch at the ILE Osaka. The Gekko XII and Peta Watt laser system have been operated forinvestigating the implosion hydrodynamics, fast ignitio...Reviewed are the present status and future prospects of the laser fusionresearch at the ILE Osaka. The Gekko XII and Peta Watt laser system have been operated forinvestigating the implosion hydrodynamics, fast ignition, and the relativistic laser plasmainteractions and so on. In particular, the fast ignition experiments with cone shell target havebeen in progress as the UK and US-Japan collaboration programs. In the experiments, the implodedhigh density plasmas are heated by irradiating 500 J level peta-watt laser pulse. The thermalneutron yield is found to increase by three orders of magnitude by injecting the peta-watt laserinto the cone shell target. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability experiment results are also reviewed isthis paper.展开更多
基金funded by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-010,2019-I2M-2-003,and 2017-I2M-1-004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030102,12126602,82330106,82322059,and 91857118)+1 种基金National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-GSP-GG-1,and 2022-GSP-GG-2)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2500500).
文摘BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of ideal cardiovascular health(CVH) in reducing cardiovascular risk.However,its role in subclinical atherosclerosis(SA) progression remains unclear.We aim to examine the association of CVH,estimated by the American Heart Association's new Life's Essential 8(LE8),with the progression of SA.METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted among 972 asymptomatic Chinese participants and followed up for5.7 years.The LE8 score(range,0–100) consisted of blood pressure,lipids,glucose,body mass index,smoking status,diet health,physical activity and sleep health was evaluated in 1998 and 2008–2009.Progression of SA was determined by carotid plaque and coronary artery calcification(CAC) in 2008–2009 and 2013–2014.Log-binomial regression model was used to estimate the association of LE8 score with SA progression.RESULTS Each 10 points increment in LE8 score was associated with 15.2%(RR:0.848,95% CI:0.797–0.902),17.7%(RR:0.823,95% CI:0.766–0.884) and 12.0%(RR:0.880,95% CI:0.845–0.916) lower risks of carotid plaque,CAC and overall SA progression,respectively.Compared with participants with non-ideal CVH at both visits,the participants with ideal CVH at both visits had39.1%(RR:0.609,95% CI:0.494–0.752),41.0%(RR:0.590,95% CI:0.456–0.764) and 29.7%(RR:0.703,95% CI:0.598–0.825) lower risks of carotid plaque,CAC and overall SA progression,respectively.CONCLUSIONS Higher LE8 scores were associated with lower risks of SA progression.Besides,long-term maintenance of optimal CVH was more beneficial to prevent SA progression.
基金Projects 1212010733809 and 1212010534601 supported by the National Geological Prospecting Foundation of China
文摘With the rapid development of China＇s economy, coal resources are increasingly in great demand. As a result, the remaining coal reserves diminish gradually with large-scale exploitation of coal resources. Easily-found mines which used to be identified from outcrops or were buried under shallow overburden are decreasing, especially in the prosperous eastern regions of China, which experience coal shortages. Currently the main targets of coal prospecting are concealed and unidentified underground coal bodies, making it more and more difficult for coal prospecting. It is therefore important to explore coal prospecting by taking advantage of modern remote sensing and geographic information system technologies. Given a theoretical basis for coal prospecting by remote sensing, we demonstrate the methodologies and existing problems systematically by summarizing past practices of coal prospecting with remote sensing. We propose a new theory of coal prospecting with remote sensing. In uncovered areas, coal resources can be prospected for by direct interpretation. In coal beating strata of developed areas covered by thin Quaternary strata or vegetation, prospecting for coal can be carried out by indirect interpretation of geomorphology and vegetation. For deeply buried underground deposits, coal prospecting can rely on tectonic structures, interpretation and analysis of new tectonic clues and regularity of coal formation and preservation controlled by tectonic structures. By applying newly hyper-spectral, multi-polarization, multi-angle, multi-temporal and multi-resolution remote sensing data and carrying out integrated analysis of geographic attributes, ground attributes, geophysical exploration results, geochemical exploration results, geological drilling results and remote sensing data by GIS tools, coal geology resources and mineralogical regularities can be explored and coal resource information can be acquired with some confidence.
基金This study was supported by the Commission of Science and Technology of Beijing(D121100004912002)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7152068)the Project for Collaboration between Basis and Clinic of Capital Medical University(No.17JL69).
文摘BACKGROUND Increased homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and death.However,their prevention has not been effective in decreasing CVD risk.This study investigated the individual and combined associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with incident CVD events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population without a history of CVD.METHODS This prospective study was conducted among 1,257 elderly participants(mean age:69 years).A questionnaire survey,physical examinations,and laboratory tests were conducted to collect baseline data.Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as homocysteine level≥15μmol/L.H-type hypertension was defined as concomitant hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate individual and combined associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with the risks of incident CVD events and all-cause death.RESULTS Over a median of 4.84-year follow-up,hyperhomocysteinemia was independently associated with incident CVD events and all-cause death.The hazard ratios(HRs)were 1.45(95%CI:1.01−2.08)for incident CVD events and 1.55(95%CI:1.04−2.30)for all-cause death.After adjustment for confounding factors,H-type hypertension had the highest HRs for incident CVD events and all-cause death.The fully adjusted HRs were 2.44 for incident CVD events(95%CI:1.28−4.65),2.07 for stroke events(95%CI:1.01−4.29),8.33 for coronary events(95%CI:1.10−63.11),and 2.31 for all-cause death(95%CI:1.15−4.62).CONCLUSIONS Hyperhomocysteinemia was an independent risk factor,and when accompanied by hypertension,it contrib-uted to incident CVD events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population without a history of CVD.
基金the Northwest Branch Company, SINOPEC for access to samples and grant support
文摘Commercial oil flow has been obtained from the sandstone reservoir of the Lower Silurian Kelpintag Formation in the Well Shun-9 prospect area.In the present studies,10 Silurian oil and oil sand samples from six wells in the area were analyzed for their molecular and carbon isotopic compositions,oil alteration（biodegradation）,oil source rock correlation and oil reservoir filling direction.All the Silurian oils and oil sands are characterized by low Pr/Ph and C21/C23 tricyclic terpane（〈1.0） ratios,＂V＂-pattern C27-C29 steranes distribution,low C28-sterane and triaromatic dinosterane abundances and light δ13C values,which can be correlated well with the carbonate source rock of the O3 l Lianglitage Formation.Different oil biodegradation levels have also been confirmed for the different oils/oil sands intervals.With the S1k2 seal,oils and oil sands from the S1k1 interval of the Kelpintag Formation have only suffered light biodegradation as confirmed by the presence of ＂UCM＂ and absence of 25-norhopanes,whereas the S1k3-1 oil sands were heavily biodegraded（proved by the presence of 25-norhopanes） due to the lack of the S1k2 seal,which suggests a significant role of the S1k2 seal in the protection of the Silurian oil reservoir.Based on the Ts/（Ts＋Tm） and 4-/1-MDBT ratios as reservoir filling tracers,a general oil filling direction from NW to SE has been also estimated for the Silurian oil reservoir in the Well Shun-9 prospect area.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 72204071)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number LY23G030005)Scientific Research Foundation for Scholars of HZNU(grant number 4265C50221204119)。
文摘Background The evidence regarding the association between leucocyte telomere length(LTL)and brain health is sparse and inconclusive.Aims To investigate the associations of LTL with brain structure and the risk of dementia based on a large-scale prospective study.Methods LTL in the peripheral blood was measured by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay from 439961 individuals in the UK Biobank recruited between 2006 and 2010 and followed up until 2020.Electronic health records were used to record the incidence of dementia,including Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and vascular dementia(VD).The brain structure,including total and regional brain volume,of 38740 participants was then assessed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Results During a median follow-up of 11.6 years,a total of 5820(1.3%)dementia cases were documented.The restricted cubic spline model showed significant overall associations between LTL and the risk of dementia and AD(p for overall<0.05).The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios(HRs)for the lowest LTL tertile compared with the highest LTL tertile were 1.14(95%confidence interval(CI):1.06 to 1.21)for dementia,1.28(95%CI:1.12 to 1.46)for AD and 1.18(95%CI:0.98 to 1.42)for VD.Furthermore,we found that shorter LTL was associated with smaller total brain volume(β=−0.0128,p=0.003),white matter volume(β=−0.0224,p<0.001),hippocampus volume(β=−0.0172,p<0.001),thalamus volume(β=−0.0239,p<0.001)and accumbens(β=−0.0155,p=0.001).Conclusions Shorter LTL is associated with total and regional brain structure and a higher risk of incident dementia and AD,implying the potential of telomere length as a predictive biomarker of brain health.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Inner Mongolia, China (20110504)
文摘Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1300300)。
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of metoprolol standard dosing pathway(MSDP)in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS In this multicenter,prospective,open label,single-arm and interventional study that was conducted from February 2018 to April 2019 in fifteen Chinese hospitals.A total of 998 hospitalized patients aged≥18 years and diagnosed with ACS were included.The MSDP was applied to all eligible ACS patients based on the standard treatment recommended by international guidelines.The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving the target dose at discharge(V2).The secondary endpoints included the heart rate and blood pressure at V2 and four weeks after discharge(V4),and percentage of patients experiencing bradycardia(heart rate<50 beats/min),hypotension(blood pressure<90/60 mmHg)and transient cardiac dysfunction at V2 and V4.RESULTS Of the 998 patients,29.46%of patients achieved the target dose(≥95 mg/d)at V2.The total population was divided into two groups:target group(patients achieving the target dose at V2)and non-target group(patients not achieving the target dose at V2).There was significant difference in the reduction of heart rate from baseline to discharge in the two groups(-4.97±11.90beats/min vs.-2.70±9.47 beats/min,P=0.034).There was no significant difference in the proportion of bradycardia that occurred in the two groups at V2(0 vs.0,P=1.000)and V4(0.81%vs.0.33%,P=0.715).There was no significant difference in the proportion of hypotension between the two groups at V2(0.004%vs.0.004%,P=1.000)and V4(0 vs.0.005%,P=0.560).No transient cardiac dysfunction occurred in two groups during the study.A total of five adverse events(1.70%)and one serious adverse event(0.34%)were related to the pathway in target group.CONCLUSIONS In Chinese ACS patients,the feasibility and tolerability of the MSDP have been proved to be acceptable.
文摘A great development has been achieved on thick seam longwall top-coal caving technology in China for the recent years, which has raised face output and efficiency and reduced production cost greatly. In this paper, achievements in its production, safety and theoretical research and future tasks are discussed.
文摘BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a significant contributor to the disease burden in geriatric patients.Underlying systemic inflammation is thought to be the cause of age-related changes in the bone marrow and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis.The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of these hematological biomarkers in predicting 30-day mortality in older patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS This was a prospective observational study of 601 older adult patients(age>60 years)with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention over two years(2017-2019).The relationship between baseline hematological parameters and mortality was assessed during the 30-day follow-up.Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were done to evaluate for diagnostic accuracy of various hematological parameters.RESULTS The mean age of presentation was 77±17 years.The mean neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)value was 5.07±4.90 and the mean platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)value was 108.65±85.82.On univariate analysis,total leucocyte count[odds ratio(OR)=0.85,P=0.021],hematocrit(OR=0.91,P=0.018),NLR(OR=1.10,P=0.001)and PLR(OR=1.05,P=0.001)were associated with mortality.On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,NLR predicted mortality with 68.1%and PLR with 65.7%accuracy.On multivariate analysis,NLR(OR=1.096,95%CI:1.006-1.15,P=0.035)was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS For the risk classification of all elderly ACS patients,we highly advise using NLR rather than the total white blood cell count.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05007-002)
文摘Drilling,seismic and logging data were used to evaluate the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of the mound-shoal complexes in the platform margin of the fourth member of Sinian Dengying Formation in the east side of the Mianzhu-Changning intracratonic rift in the Sichuan Basin.The four understandings are:(1)The platform margin belt of the Deng 4 Member can be divided into three sections,northern,middle and southern;the middle section is at the core of the Gaoshiti-Moxi paleouplift and the structural high now,while the southern and northern sections are at the slope of the paleouplift and the structural lows now;the three sections have similar development characteristics and reservoir features of platform margin mound-shoal complex.(2)In the margin of the east side of the rift,there are several faults nearly perpendicular to the platform margin belt,the faults divide the platform margin belt into rugged paleo-landform,and the high part developed platform margin mound-shoal complexes and the reservoirs are good in physical properties,while the low part developed inter-beach depression and no mound-shoal complexes,where the reservoirs are poor in physical properties.(3)The six groups of faults nearly perpendicular to the platform margin belt divide the platform margin belt into seven large mound-shoal complexes which have similar hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and accumulation evolution process and are rich in petroleum.(4)The inter shoal depressions between the mound-shoal complexes are characterized by tighter lithology,which can block the updip direction of the mounds and shoals at the lower part of the slope of the paleouplift and are favorable for the later preservation of mound-shoal gas reservoirs.This has been proved by Well Jiaotan 1 and Heshen 2 drilled successfully.The mound-shoal complexes on the platform margin of the structural slope area have a good exploration prospect.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021ZD0111003)the Capital Health Development Project of China grant(SHF-2016-2-4032).
文摘BACKGROUND Chinese herbal medicine is widely used as a complement or alternative treatment in coronary artery disease(CAD)patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in China.We compared the incidence of the major adverse cardi-ovascular event(MACE)of CAD patients with or without the complement use of Chinese herbal medicine after PCI.METHODS In this prospective,observational study that was conducted from September 2016 to August 2019 in Fuwai Hospital(China),we followed up consecutive patients who received PCI treatment for two years.MACE was defined as the composite all-cause mortality,revascularization,and myocardial infarction(MI)and was compared between those using(integrative medicine group)or those not using Chinese herbal medicine as an additional treatment to standard Western medicine,with unadjusted(Kaplan-Meier curves)and risk-adjusted(multivariable Cox regression)analyses.RESULTS A total of 5942 patients after PCI were enrolled in this study,and 5453 patients were included in the final analysis(4189[76.8%]male;mean age:61.9±9.9%years).During the follow-ups,2932(53.8%)patients used only Western medicine while 2521(46.2%)patients had used Chinese herbal medicine as an additional treatment to standard Western medicine.Patients in the integrative medicine group(IM group)were older than the Western medicine group(WM group),had more females and less pre-vious MI.The incidence of MACE was 15.3%(449/2932)in WM group and 11.54%(291/2521)in IM group.Cox regression ana-lysis showed that cumulative incidence of MACE was 27%lower in patients of the IM group than those in WM group(hazard ra-tio=0.73;95%CI:0.63-0.85;P<0.0001).CONCLUSIONS For CAD patients after PCI treatment,complement use of Chinese herbal medicine is associated with a lower 2-year MACE incidence.Randomized prospective studies are warranted to provide higher levels of benefit evidence in these pa-tients.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0196000)National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2016ZX05010-006)CNPC Scientific Research and Technical Development Project(2019B-4113)
文摘This article outlines the development of separated zone oil production in foreign countries,and details its development in China.According to the development process,production needs,technical characteristics and adaptability of oilfields in China,the development of separate zone oil production technology is divided into four stages:flowing well zonal oil production,mechanical recovery and water blocking,hydraulically adjustable zonal oil production,and intelligent zonal production.The principles,construction processes,adaptability,advantages and disadvantages of the technology are introduced in detail.Based on the actual production situation of the oilfields in China at present,three development directions of the technology are proposed.First,the real-time monitoring and adjustment level of separated zone oil production needs to be improved by developing downhole sensor technology and two-way communication technology between ground and downhole and enhancing full life cycle service capability and adaptability to horizontal wells.Second,an integrated platform of zonal oil production and management should be built using a digital artificial lifting system.Third,integration of injection and production should be implemented through large-scale application of zonal oil production and zonal water injection to improve matching and adjustment level between the injection and production parameters,thus making the development adjustment from"lag control"to"real-time optimization"and improving the development effect.
基金“The Strategic Cooperation Technology Projects of CNPC and CUP(Grant Number ZLZX2020-03)”“China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Number 2021M700172)”.
文摘Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)is a powerful technology to characterize the petrophysical properties of underground reservoirs in the petroleum industry.The rising complexity of oil and gas exploration and development objectives,as well as the novel application contexts of underground reservoirs,have led to increasingly demanding requirements on borehole NMR technology including instrument design and related processing methods.This mini review summarizes the advances and applications of borehole NMR instruments along with some future possibilities.It may be helpful for researchers and engineers in the petroleum industry to understand the development status and future trends of borehole NMR technology.
文摘The geological prospecting radar, a high-techuology rapidly developed in recent years, is used in the field of nondestructive testing and object detecting, in accordance with the reflection principle of high-frequency electromagnetic wave. It will be effective if there exists a large difference in the electromagnetic properties between an object body and its surroundings. The result of using the geological prospecting radar in detecting the concrete blocks with ber in the capital internatioual airport’s east runway is aualyed in detail herein. The introduction of the geological prospecting radar provides a new approach to nondotodive testing.
文摘A new method is proposed to prospect copper deposits with portable XRF analyzer. The method is based on the close relation between Cu and the chalcophile elements or some other elements in the geochemical anomalies of a Cu deposit. Applications of the technique in Northeast China are presented.
文摘Reviewed are the present status and future prospects of the laser fusionresearch at the ILE Osaka. The Gekko XII and Peta Watt laser system have been operated forinvestigating the implosion hydrodynamics, fast ignition, and the relativistic laser plasmainteractions and so on. In particular, the fast ignition experiments with cone shell target havebeen in progress as the UK and US-Japan collaboration programs. In the experiments, the implodedhigh density plasmas are heated by irradiating 500 J level peta-watt laser pulse. The thermalneutron yield is found to increase by three orders of magnitude by injecting the peta-watt laserinto the cone shell target. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability experiment results are also reviewed isthis paper.
