Ocean is home town of wind and rain, treasury of resources. To exploit and use ocean will make great contribution to people’s existence and development. China is a great oceanic country with pre cinct sea area of 3,0...Ocean is home town of wind and rain, treasury of resources. To exploit and use ocean will make great contribution to people’s existence and development. China is a great oceanic country with pre cinct sea area of 3,000,000 km2. The eastern coastal region with only 60 km width, 15 % area and 40% of population of China, has created about 60% of GDP and has become the most developed region. But marine disaster in China is frequent and serious. From statistical data, economy loss made by surge, billow, sea ice, tsunami, red tide, oil spill, coast erosion, bay deposit, sea water intrusion, sea level rise, land salinization, sea water pollution, etc. increase quickly. Economy loss per year is one billion in the l980s, 10 billion in the l990s, exceeded 20 billion in 1996, and 30 billion in 1997. About 80% of it happened in the coastal area. So, marine disaster at present has become obstacle of society progress and economy development in coastal area. To mitigate marine disaster has become need for the economy development, also important task of the integrated coastal zone management. In this article, we briefly introduce countermeasures for marine disaster prevention, coastal zone management, and achievements made in the past 50 years, its problems now confronted, and the main countermeasures in the 21St century.展开更多
Metal mineral resources play an indispensable role in the development of the national economy.Dynamic disasters in underground metal mines seriously threaten mining safety,which are major scientific and technological ...Metal mineral resources play an indispensable role in the development of the national economy.Dynamic disasters in underground metal mines seriously threaten mining safety,which are major scientific and technological problems to be solved urgently.In this article,the occurrence status and grand challenges of some typical dynamic disasters involving roof falling,spalling,collapse,large deformation,rockburst,surface subsidence,and water inrush in metal mines in China are systematically presented,the characteristics of mining-induced dynamic disasters are analyzed,the examples of dynamic disasters occurring in some metal mines in China are summarized,the occurrence mechanism,monitoring and early warning methods,and prevention and control techniques of these disasters are highlighted,and some new opinions,suggestions,and solutions are proposed simultaneously.Moreover,some shortcomings in current disaster research are pointed out,and the direction of efforts to improve the prevention and control level of dynamic disasters in China’s metal mines in the future is prospected.The integration of forward-looking key innovative theories and technologies in the abovementioned aspects will greatly enhance the cognitive level of disaster prevention and mitigation in China’s metal mining industry and achieve a significant shift from passive disaster relief to active disaster prevention.展开更多
An optimal drainage tunnel location determination method for landslide prevention was proposed to solve the existing problems in drainage tunnel construction. Current applications of drainage tunnel systems in China w...An optimal drainage tunnel location determination method for landslide prevention was proposed to solve the existing problems in drainage tunnel construction. Current applications of drainage tunnel systems in China were reviewed and the fimctions of drainage tunnel were categorized as catchment and interception. Numerical simulations were conducted. The results show that both catchment and interception tunnels have variation of the function in the simulation of monolayer model, which shows the reduction of permeability condition in lower layer. The function of catchment can be observed in the deep slope, while the function of interception is observed near groundwater source. By using the slope safety factor and discharge water amount as the objectives of optimal drainage tunnel location, and pore-water pressure in fixed node and section flux as the judgment for construction quality of adjacent drainage tunnel, the design principle of drainage tunnel was introduced. The K103 Landslide was illustrated as an example to determine the optimal drainage tunnel location. The measured drainage tunnel efficiency was evaluated and compared with that from the numerical analyses based on groundwater data. The results validate the present numerical study.展开更多
During 1984 to 1990, a comparative etiologic studyand primary prevention for stomach cancer was carriedout in a high risk area in Zhuanghe County of LiaoningProvince. Because of the increase of consumption of fr-esh v...During 1984 to 1990, a comparative etiologic studyand primary prevention for stomach cancer was carriedout in a high risk area in Zhuanghe County of LiaoningProvince. Because of the increase of consumption of fr-esh vegetables and fruits (Protective factors), decreaseof eating salted pork and fishes which was verified tohave strong mutagenecity (risk factors), acute inflamma-tion and erosions accompanying with chronic gastritis havegot striking improvement. At the same time, serum betac-arotene also raised gradually. The authors stressed thatimprovement of economic situation and dietary habits mayplay an important role in primary prevention of precurso-res of stomach cancer but decrease of incidence of thiscancer is an event of 30 years or more later as the letentperiod of stomach cancer is rather long.展开更多
Most transactional memory (TM) research focused on multi-core processors, and others investigated at the clusters, leaving the area of non-uniform memory access (NUMA) system unexplored. The existing TM implementation...Most transactional memory (TM) research focused on multi-core processors, and others investigated at the clusters, leaving the area of non-uniform memory access (NUMA) system unexplored. The existing TM implementations made significant performance degradation on NUMA system because they ignored the slower remote memory access. To solve this problem, a latency-based conflict detection and a forecasting-based conflict prevention method were proposed. Using these techniques, the NUMA aware TM system was presented. By reducing the remote memory access and the abort rate of transaction, the experiment results show that the NUMA aware strategies present good practical TM performance on NUMA system.展开更多
Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection has become a major public health issue affecting human health.The main goal of epidemic prevention and control at the current stage in China is to“protect people’s health...Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection has become a major public health issue affecting human health.The main goal of epidemic prevention and control at the current stage in China is to“protect people’s health and prevent severe cases”.Patients with lung cancer who receive antitumor therapy have low immunity,and the risk of severe illness and death once infected is much higher than healthy people,so they are vulnerable to COVID-19 infection.At present,less attention has been paid to the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection in patients with lung cancer in domestic guidelines and consensus.Based on the published data in China and abroad,we proposed recommendations and formed expert consensus on the vaccination of COVID-19,the use of neutralizing antibodies and small molecule antiviral drugs for patients with lung cancer,for physician’s reference.展开更多
Big data is playing an important role in preventing,control and monitoring COVID-19,but during the process,the legality of the use of personal information shall be paid attention to.Personal information should be divi...Big data is playing an important role in preventing,control and monitoring COVID-19,but during the process,the legality of the use of personal information shall be paid attention to.Personal information should be divided into general information and sensitive information,and the use of sensitive information should take"Consent"as its legality basis.In the process of personal information collection,the subject qualification of the collection organization or personnel should be clearly defined,and the starting conditions and process specifications of the collection work should be determined.The use of personal information should be in accordance with legal provisions or agreed ways and purposes and should not violate individual privacy rights and other personality rights,and should not improperly display the"digital image"of individuals.展开更多
In recent years,the quality of people's lives has gradually improved,and people pay more attention to the rationality of food nutrition.Green and healthy aquatic products,as representative of high-protein and low-...In recent years,the quality of people's lives has gradually improved,and people pay more attention to the rationality of food nutrition.Green and healthy aquatic products,as representative of high-protein and low-fat foods,are increasingly sought after by people.Triploid rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)is rich in multiple unsaturated fatty acids and trace elements,which have rich nutrition and delicate flesh,its market demand is increasing.Triploid rainbow trout aquaculture has gradually become a characteristic economic industry in China.The triploid rainbow trout is favored by farmers because of its fast growth rate,delicious meat and large population.However,the development of triploid rainbow trout aquaculture is also restricted by many problems,such as unreasonable breeding management,high feed cost and low processing efficiency.Based on the research reports of domestic and foreign experts and scholars,this paper summarized the research progress of triploid rainbow trout,analyzed the influence of different farming models,nutritional needs,disease prevention on the triploid rainbow trout industry,and put forward suggestions for the development of triploid rainbow trout industry in order to provide scientific reference for the further development of triploid rainbow trout farming technology in China.展开更多
当今全球有近1/4人口受心血管及其相关疾病威胁,心血管病已成为威胁我国居民健康的首要疾病,是我国面临的重大公共卫生问题之一[1-2]。2014年中国心血管病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)死亡率仍居疾病死亡构成的首位,高于肿瘤及其他疾病...当今全球有近1/4人口受心血管及其相关疾病威胁,心血管病已成为威胁我国居民健康的首要疾病,是我国面临的重大公共卫生问题之一[1-2]。2014年中国心血管病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)死亡率仍居疾病死亡构成的首位,高于肿瘤及其他疾病[3]。心血管病已经成为我国居民预期寿命受损的主要健康风险,也是因病致贫、因病返贫的主要疾病。为有效降低心血管病的发病率和死亡率,掌握心血管病高危人群流行现状及其影响因素,实践心血管病高危人群防控策略和措施,辽宁省疾病预防控制中心(center for diseases control and prevention,CDC)进行了全省心血管病高危人群的流行现状及其影响因素的调查,现将结果报道如下。展开更多
慢性疲劳综合征（chronic fatigue syndrome，CFS）是美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centre for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC）1988年正式命名的、以持续或反复发作不少于6个月严重疲劳为特征，伴有头痛、睡眠障碍，注意力和记忆下...慢性疲劳综合征（chronic fatigue syndrome，CFS）是美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centre for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC）1988年正式命名的、以持续或反复发作不少于6个月严重疲劳为特征，伴有头痛、睡眠障碍，注意力和记忆下降，抑郁，肌肉骨关节疼痛等多种躯体及精神神经症状。1994年CDC将该标准进行了修订。展开更多
自闭症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD），是一种生物性神经发育障碍，以社会沟通障碍、重复行为和兴趣狭窄为主要临床特征。近二十年，ASD的发病率呈指数式增长，根据美国疾控中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevent...自闭症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD），是一种生物性神经发育障碍，以社会沟通障碍、重复行为和兴趣狭窄为主要临床特征。近二十年，ASD的发病率呈指数式增长，根据美国疾控中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC）2014年公布的最新统计数据，ASD发病率已经高达1／68。展开更多
2015年3月15日,北京大学第一医院心血管内科主任霍勇教授作为研究负责人在美国心脏病学会（American College of Cardiology,ACC）2015年年会上,首次正式对外公布了中国脑卒中一级预防研究（China stroke primary prevention trial,CSPP...2015年3月15日,北京大学第一医院心血管内科主任霍勇教授作为研究负责人在美国心脏病学会（American College of Cardiology,ACC）2015年年会上,首次正式对外公布了中国脑卒中一级预防研究（China stroke primary prevention trial,CSPPT）结果。该研究是世界上首次针对高血压患者补充叶酸以预防脑卒中的大规模、随机、对照研究。展开更多
研究认为急性缺血性卒中发病前或发病后服用他汀类药物均能改善患者的预后。但是仍然有人担心服用他汀增加脑内出血（intracerebral hemorrhage,ICH）的风险,这主要是因为在强化降低胆固醇预防卒中（the Stroke Prevention by Aggressiv...研究认为急性缺血性卒中发病前或发病后服用他汀类药物均能改善患者的预后。但是仍然有人担心服用他汀增加脑内出血（intracerebral hemorrhage,ICH）的风险,这主要是因为在强化降低胆固醇预防卒中（the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels,SPARCL）研究中观察到卒中二级预防中使用他汀会增加ICH的风险，其他研究也发现胆固醇的水平和ICH的风险呈现负相关，以及他汀对凝血功能的影响。另外也有研究认为他汀会增加静脉溶栓后症状性出血转换的风险，特别是大剂量他汀。展开更多
CHARISMA（Clopidogrel and Aspirin versus Aspirin Alone for the Prevention of Atherothrombotic Events）试验旨在比较阿司匹林单药治疗与阿司匹林和氯吡格雷联合治疗预防动脉粥样硬化事件的疗效。有26个国家参与了该项研究，共纳...CHARISMA（Clopidogrel and Aspirin versus Aspirin Alone for the Prevention of Atherothrombotic Events）试验旨在比较阿司匹林单药治疗与阿司匹林和氯吡格雷联合治疗预防动脉粥样硬化事件的疗效。有26个国家参与了该项研究，共纳入15603例≥45岁受试者，均符合下列条件：具有动脉粥样硬化多种危险因素，或具有明确的冠心病、脑血管疾病及症状性外周动脉疾病。展开更多
文摘Ocean is home town of wind and rain, treasury of resources. To exploit and use ocean will make great contribution to people’s existence and development. China is a great oceanic country with pre cinct sea area of 3,000,000 km2. The eastern coastal region with only 60 km width, 15 % area and 40% of population of China, has created about 60% of GDP and has become the most developed region. But marine disaster in China is frequent and serious. From statistical data, economy loss made by surge, billow, sea ice, tsunami, red tide, oil spill, coast erosion, bay deposit, sea water intrusion, sea level rise, land salinization, sea water pollution, etc. increase quickly. Economy loss per year is one billion in the l980s, 10 billion in the l990s, exceeded 20 billion in 1996, and 30 billion in 1997. About 80% of it happened in the coastal area. So, marine disaster at present has become obstacle of society progress and economy development in coastal area. To mitigate marine disaster has become need for the economy development, also important task of the integrated coastal zone management. In this article, we briefly introduce countermeasures for marine disaster prevention, coastal zone management, and achievements made in the past 50 years, its problems now confronted, and the main countermeasures in the 21St century.
基金Project(52204084)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(FRF-IDRY-GD22-002)supported by the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities),China+2 种基金Project(QNXM20220009)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Youth Teacher International Exchange and Growth Program,ChinaProjects(2022YFC2905600,2022YFC3004601)supported by the National Key R&D Program of ChinaProject(2023XAGG0061)supported by the Science,Technology&Innovation Project of Xiongan New Area,China。
文摘Metal mineral resources play an indispensable role in the development of the national economy.Dynamic disasters in underground metal mines seriously threaten mining safety,which are major scientific and technological problems to be solved urgently.In this article,the occurrence status and grand challenges of some typical dynamic disasters involving roof falling,spalling,collapse,large deformation,rockburst,surface subsidence,and water inrush in metal mines in China are systematically presented,the characteristics of mining-induced dynamic disasters are analyzed,the examples of dynamic disasters occurring in some metal mines in China are summarized,the occurrence mechanism,monitoring and early warning methods,and prevention and control techniques of these disasters are highlighted,and some new opinions,suggestions,and solutions are proposed simultaneously.Moreover,some shortcomings in current disaster research are pointed out,and the direction of efforts to improve the prevention and control level of dynamic disasters in China’s metal mines in the future is prospected.The integration of forward-looking key innovative theories and technologies in the abovementioned aspects will greatly enhance the cognitive level of disaster prevention and mitigation in China’s metal mining industry and achieve a significant shift from passive disaster relief to active disaster prevention.
基金Foundation item： Project（1220BAK10B06） supported by the National ＂Twelfth Five-Year＂ Plan for Science ＆ Technology Support Program of China Project（20100101110026） supported by the PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China Project（2009RS0050） supported by the Key Innovation Team Support Fund of Zhejiang Province, China
文摘An optimal drainage tunnel location determination method for landslide prevention was proposed to solve the existing problems in drainage tunnel construction. Current applications of drainage tunnel systems in China were reviewed and the fimctions of drainage tunnel were categorized as catchment and interception. Numerical simulations were conducted. The results show that both catchment and interception tunnels have variation of the function in the simulation of monolayer model, which shows the reduction of permeability condition in lower layer. The function of catchment can be observed in the deep slope, while the function of interception is observed near groundwater source. By using the slope safety factor and discharge water amount as the objectives of optimal drainage tunnel location, and pore-water pressure in fixed node and section flux as the judgment for construction quality of adjacent drainage tunnel, the design principle of drainage tunnel was introduced. The K103 Landslide was illustrated as an example to determine the optimal drainage tunnel location. The measured drainage tunnel efficiency was evaluated and compared with that from the numerical analyses based on groundwater data. The results validate the present numerical study.
基金This research was supported in part by a Grant-Aid for Oversea Cancer Research from the Ministry of Education,Science and Cultrue of Japan and reported at the 9th Asia Pacific Cancer Conference(Lahore, Pakistan, 1989) and the 15th International Cancer Co
文摘During 1984 to 1990, a comparative etiologic studyand primary prevention for stomach cancer was carriedout in a high risk area in Zhuanghe County of LiaoningProvince. Because of the increase of consumption of fr-esh vegetables and fruits (Protective factors), decreaseof eating salted pork and fishes which was verified tohave strong mutagenecity (risk factors), acute inflamma-tion and erosions accompanying with chronic gastritis havegot striking improvement. At the same time, serum betac-arotene also raised gradually. The authors stressed thatimprovement of economic situation and dietary habits mayplay an important role in primary prevention of precurso-res of stomach cancer but decrease of incidence of thiscancer is an event of 30 years or more later as the letentperiod of stomach cancer is rather long.
基金Projects(61003075, 61170261) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Most transactional memory (TM) research focused on multi-core processors, and others investigated at the clusters, leaving the area of non-uniform memory access (NUMA) system unexplored. The existing TM implementations made significant performance degradation on NUMA system because they ignored the slower remote memory access. To solve this problem, a latency-based conflict detection and a forecasting-based conflict prevention method were proposed. Using these techniques, the NUMA aware TM system was presented. By reducing the remote memory access and the abort rate of transaction, the experiment results show that the NUMA aware strategies present good practical TM performance on NUMA system.
文摘Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection has become a major public health issue affecting human health.The main goal of epidemic prevention and control at the current stage in China is to“protect people’s health and prevent severe cases”.Patients with lung cancer who receive antitumor therapy have low immunity,and the risk of severe illness and death once infected is much higher than healthy people,so they are vulnerable to COVID-19 infection.At present,less attention has been paid to the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection in patients with lung cancer in domestic guidelines and consensus.Based on the published data in China and abroad,we proposed recommendations and formed expert consensus on the vaccination of COVID-19,the use of neutralizing antibodies and small molecule antiviral drugs for patients with lung cancer,for physician’s reference.
文摘Big data is playing an important role in preventing,control and monitoring COVID-19,but during the process,the legality of the use of personal information shall be paid attention to.Personal information should be divided into general information and sensitive information,and the use of sensitive information should take"Consent"as its legality basis.In the process of personal information collection,the subject qualification of the collection organization or personnel should be clearly defined,and the starting conditions and process specifications of the collection work should be determined.The use of personal information should be in accordance with legal provisions or agreed ways and purposes and should not violate individual privacy rights and other personality rights,and should not improperly display the"digital image"of individuals.
基金Supported by Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Projects(22ZYCGSN00050,22ZYCGSN0024023ZYCGSN00350,23ZYCGSN00310,24ZYCGSN00080)+3 种基金Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan(22CX8NE20823CXND0002)Gannan Prefecture Science and Technology Plan Project(2023ZZ1NC006)Tianjin Education Commission Research Program Project(2022ZD004)。
文摘In recent years,the quality of people's lives has gradually improved,and people pay more attention to the rationality of food nutrition.Green and healthy aquatic products,as representative of high-protein and low-fat foods,are increasingly sought after by people.Triploid rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)is rich in multiple unsaturated fatty acids and trace elements,which have rich nutrition and delicate flesh,its market demand is increasing.Triploid rainbow trout aquaculture has gradually become a characteristic economic industry in China.The triploid rainbow trout is favored by farmers because of its fast growth rate,delicious meat and large population.However,the development of triploid rainbow trout aquaculture is also restricted by many problems,such as unreasonable breeding management,high feed cost and low processing efficiency.Based on the research reports of domestic and foreign experts and scholars,this paper summarized the research progress of triploid rainbow trout,analyzed the influence of different farming models,nutritional needs,disease prevention on the triploid rainbow trout industry,and put forward suggestions for the development of triploid rainbow trout industry in order to provide scientific reference for the further development of triploid rainbow trout farming technology in China.
文摘当今全球有近1/4人口受心血管及其相关疾病威胁,心血管病已成为威胁我国居民健康的首要疾病,是我国面临的重大公共卫生问题之一[1-2]。2014年中国心血管病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)死亡率仍居疾病死亡构成的首位,高于肿瘤及其他疾病[3]。心血管病已经成为我国居民预期寿命受损的主要健康风险,也是因病致贫、因病返贫的主要疾病。为有效降低心血管病的发病率和死亡率,掌握心血管病高危人群流行现状及其影响因素,实践心血管病高危人群防控策略和措施,辽宁省疾病预防控制中心(center for diseases control and prevention,CDC)进行了全省心血管病高危人群的流行现状及其影响因素的调查,现将结果报道如下。
文摘慢性疲劳综合征（chronic fatigue syndrome，CFS）是美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centre for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC）1988年正式命名的、以持续或反复发作不少于6个月严重疲劳为特征，伴有头痛、睡眠障碍，注意力和记忆下降，抑郁，肌肉骨关节疼痛等多种躯体及精神神经症状。1994年CDC将该标准进行了修订。
文摘自闭症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD），是一种生物性神经发育障碍，以社会沟通障碍、重复行为和兴趣狭窄为主要临床特征。近二十年，ASD的发病率呈指数式增长，根据美国疾控中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC）2014年公布的最新统计数据，ASD发病率已经高达1／68。
文摘2015年3月15日,北京大学第一医院心血管内科主任霍勇教授作为研究负责人在美国心脏病学会（American College of Cardiology,ACC）2015年年会上,首次正式对外公布了中国脑卒中一级预防研究（China stroke primary prevention trial,CSPPT）结果。该研究是世界上首次针对高血压患者补充叶酸以预防脑卒中的大规模、随机、对照研究。
文摘研究认为急性缺血性卒中发病前或发病后服用他汀类药物均能改善患者的预后。但是仍然有人担心服用他汀增加脑内出血（intracerebral hemorrhage,ICH）的风险,这主要是因为在强化降低胆固醇预防卒中（the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels,SPARCL）研究中观察到卒中二级预防中使用他汀会增加ICH的风险，其他研究也发现胆固醇的水平和ICH的风险呈现负相关，以及他汀对凝血功能的影响。另外也有研究认为他汀会增加静脉溶栓后症状性出血转换的风险，特别是大剂量他汀。
文摘CHARISMA（Clopidogrel and Aspirin versus Aspirin Alone for the Prevention of Atherothrombotic Events）试验旨在比较阿司匹林单药治疗与阿司匹林和氯吡格雷联合治疗预防动脉粥样硬化事件的疗效。有26个国家参与了该项研究，共纳入15603例≥45岁受试者，均符合下列条件：具有动脉粥样硬化多种危险因素，或具有明确的冠心病、脑血管疾病及症状性外周动脉疾病。
