The grid equations in decomposed domain by parallel computation are soled, and a method of local orthogonalization to solve the large-scaled numerical computation is presented. It constructs preconditioned iteration m...The grid equations in decomposed domain by parallel computation are soled, and a method of local orthogonalization to solve the large-scaled numerical computation is presented. It constructs preconditioned iteration matrix by the combination of predigesting LU decomposition and local orthogonalization, and the convergence of solution is proved. Indicated from the example, this algorithm can increase the rate of computation efficiently and it is quite stable.展开更多
Hypoxia preconditioning （HPC） is associated with many complicated pathophysiological and biochemical processes that integrated and regulated via molecular levels. HPC could protect cells, tissues, organs and systems...Hypoxia preconditioning （HPC） is associated with many complicated pathophysiological and biochemical processes that integrated and regulated via molecular levels. HPC could protect cells, tissues, organs and systems from hypoxia injury, but up to date, the molecular mechanism still remained unclear. The acute and repetitive hy- poxia preconditioning model was constructed and the related parameters were observed. The high-throughput mi- croarray analysis and multiple bioinformatics were used to explore the differentially expressed genes in HPC mice brain and the related gene network, pathways and biological processes related to HPC. The 2D-DIGE coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS was performed to identify these proteins that were differentially expressed during HPC. The UPLC-HRMS based metabolomics method was utilized to explore the key endogenous metabolites and metabolic pathways related to HPC. The results showed that （1） 1175 differentially expressed genes in HPC mice brain were identified. Fourteen of these genes were the related hub genes for HPC, including Cacna2dl, Grin2a, Npylr, Mef2c, Epha4, Rxfpl, Chrm3, Pdela, Atp2b4, Glral, Idil , Fgfl, Grin2b and Cda. The change trends of all the detected genes by RT-PCR were consistent with the data of gene chips. There were 113 significant functions up- regulated and 138 significant functions down-regulated in HPC mice. （2） About 2100 proteins were revealed via the gel imaging and spot detection. 66, 45 and 70 of proteins were found to have significantly difference between the control group and three times of HPC group, the control and six times of HPC, and the three times of HPC and six times of HPC group. （3）Some endogenous metabolites such as phenylalanine, valine, proline, leucine and glu- tamine were increased, while ereatine was decreased, both in HPC brain and heart; in addition, y-aminobutyric acid was markedly decreased in brain. The sphingolipid metabolic pathways were noticed due to the low p-value and high pathway impact. Especially, the sphingolipid compound sphingomyelin, ceramide, glucosyleeramide, galactosylceramide and laetosylceramide were mapping in this metabolic pathway. Interestingly, these sphingolipid metabolites with olefinic bond in the long fatty chain were up-regulated, while those sphingolipids without olefinic bond were down-regulated. The functions of these differentially expressed genes mainly involved the cellular proces- ses including MAPK pathway, ion transport, neurotransmitter transport and neuropeptide signal pathway. The pro- tein levels related the ATP synthesis and citric acid cycle decreased while the proteins with the glycolysis and oxy- gen-binding increased. Glutathione, GNBP-1 and GPD1L were related to preventing hypoxic damage. The results indicated that C24：l-Cers played a critical role in HPC and had potential in endogenous protective mechanism. The combinations of the system omies data of the different molecules were sufficient to give a further understanding of the molecular pathways affected by HPC. Our data provided an important insight to reveal the protection mechanism of HPC.展开更多
Grinding is one of the most costly operations in the mechanical breaking and mining.Determination of the breakage characteristics and preconditioning is important to increase the grinding efficiency.Investigations of ...Grinding is one of the most costly operations in the mechanical breaking and mining.Determination of the breakage characteristics and preconditioning is important to increase the grinding efficiency.Investigations of the seismic,mechanical and breakage properties of iron oxides are very important parameters for investigating the rock fragmentation by blasting and comminution processes in iron ore mines.In this paper,at first,geomechanical and seismic properties of the oxide ores(magnetite and hematite)in the Chadormalu iron ore mine were studied.The results showed that the percentage of magnetite has a direct relationship with uniaxial compressive strength,tensile strength and P and S wave’s velocities and has an inverse relationship with Poisson ratio and porosity.Moreover,to study breakage and preconditioning characteristics in the iron ores,two samples with different magnetite percents were blasted by detonation cord.The results showed that with higher percentage of magnetite,the number of fractures induced by blasting increased.Bond work index and magnetite percent were investigated in the 430 blasts in the mine.This investigation not only confirmed the small scale blasting results,but also showed that increasing the magnetite percent up to 50%noticeably reduces Bond work index and energy consumption in the grinding process.Also,the relationship between muck pile fragmentation and magnetite percentage were studied for several blasts that had the same blast pattern parameters and similar geology conditions.These results also confirmed precedents conclusions regarding magnetite percent and preconditioning relationship.展开更多
OBJCETIVE Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that consumption of moderate amounts of red wine is associated with significant reductions in incidences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,which may be re...OBJCETIVE Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that consumption of moderate amounts of red wine is associated with significant reductions in incidences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,which may be related to alcohol in red wine.Our previous study demonstrated that ethanol ingestion 24 h prior to induction of cerebral ischemic/reperfusion(I/R)reduced delayed neuronal death(DND).Our most recent results supported a role for big Ca2+-sensitive K+channel(BKCa channel)activation in the neuroprotective effects of ethanol preconditioning(Et OH-PC)in global cerebral I/R.Therefore,we hypothesis that moderate Et OH-PC activates BKCa channel to protect brain damage induced by focal cerebral I/R.This project will utilize focal cerebral I/R animal model to explore the function of BKCa channel in Et OH-PC protection in vivo levels by means of pharmacological intervention such as BKCa channel opene(rNS11021,NS)and blocke(rpaxilline,PX).The results will provide theoretical evidence for neuroprotective effect of moderate alcohol preconditioning against ischemic stroke,and the conclusion will also bring to a concept that extrinsic moderate ethanol preconditioning may activate intrinsic protective mechanism in the brain.METHODS The SD rat were randomly divided into the following six groups(n=10):sham,I/R,Et OH-PC+I/R,NS11021-PC+I/R,paxilline+Et OH-PC+I/R,Paxilline+NS11021-PC+I/R.Both Et OH-PC and NS11021-PC(0.1mg·kg-1;ip)were induced 24 h before I/R.The volume of 95%ethanol to be instilled(inμL)was calculated as follows:〔body weight(g)×0.6〕+0.3.This volume of ethanol was mixed in 0.3 m L of sterile distilled water just before administration to the animals by gavage.The Paxilline(2.5 mg·kg-1;ip)was administered 10min beforeEt OH-PC and NS11021-PC.The right middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)was produced by inversion of a 4-0-nylon filament.The filament was withdrawn 2 h after onset of MCAO and then reperfused.Neurological deficits and infarct volume were measured 24 h after I/R.Another 36 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups as above,6 in each group.DWI were performed 2h after ischemic and T2WI MRI were performed 24 h after I/R to observe the infarct volume of brain and the penumbra volume of brain in each group.Then rats were killed and detected the apoptotic cell death and degeneration of neurons.RESULTS Compared to I/R group,the neurological score(P<0.01),the infarct volume of brain(P<0.01),the infarct volume of ischemic penumbra(P<0.01),the percentage of apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)and the percentage of degenerative neurons(P<0.01)were significantly decreased after ethanol preconditioning,while these changes were reversed by paxilline(P<0.05);compared to I/R group,the neurological score(P<0.01),the infarct volume of brain(P<0.01),the infarct volume of ischemic penumbra(P<0.01),the percentage of apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)and the percentage of degenerative neurons(P<0.01)were significantly decreased after NS11021 preconditioning,while these changes were reversed by paxilline(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our results show that moderate alcohol preconditioning activates BKCa channels to protect brain damage induced by focal cerebral I/R.展开更多
Objective To investigate the change of protein expression of lung tissue of rabbit after ischemic preconditioning(IP)and try to elucidate the potential protective mechanism of IP.Methods 12 domestic rabbits were rando...Objective To investigate the change of protein expression of lung tissue of rabbit after ischemic preconditioning(IP)and try to elucidate the potential protective mechanism of IP.Methods 12 domestic rabbits were randomly divided into group IP and group control(6 rabbits in each group).All the left lungs were afflicted by ische mia-reperfusion injury except that those in group IP were subject to IP prior to ischemic phase.2-DE was employed to separate the total protein of the lung tissue.PDQuest analysis software was used to distinguish the differently expressed protein spot.MALDI-TOF-MS and Mascot database searching were exploited to identify these proteins.Results 1)IP attenuated the ischemia-reperfusion lung injury.2)The proteomic analysis showed 35 target proteins,of which 17 were characterized such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3k)delta catalytic subunit.Conclusions 1)Proteomic is a promising tool to investigate the IP and ischemia-reperfusion lung injury.2)That IP inhibits inflammatory cascades through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signal transduction pathway may be one of its protective mechanism.展开更多
在细观结构层次上将大坝混凝土作为骨料、固化水泥砂浆及其粘结界面组成的复合材料,建立了大坝混凝土三维细观力学数值模型。该模型既能够反映混凝土及其细观各相材料在荷载作用下的损伤演化过程,又考虑了动载作用的应变率强化效应。给...在细观结构层次上将大坝混凝土作为骨料、固化水泥砂浆及其粘结界面组成的复合材料,建立了大坝混凝土三维细观力学数值模型。该模型既能够反映混凝土及其细观各相材料在荷载作用下的损伤演化过程,又考虑了动载作用的应变率强化效应。给出了该数值模型求解方法,并编制出能够在普通PC机上运行的串行程序。加载过程既可按荷载控制又可按位移控制。同时,为了减少求解自由度应用了分尺度方法以使最小骨料和固化水泥砂浆混合后其力学性能与一种复合介质等效。通过混凝土湿筛和三级配试件的静、动(冲击)弯拉数值计算验证了本文计算方法和程序正确有效。另外,在串行程序的基础上,优化了刚度矩阵的存储方式,采用双门槛不完全Cholesky分解(ICT)预条件的共轭梯度法(CG),完成了能够在Sun Fire 6800服务器实现并行计算的并行程序改造,从而大大提高了计算效率。展开更多
文摘The grid equations in decomposed domain by parallel computation are soled, and a method of local orthogonalization to solve the large-scaled numerical computation is presented. It constructs preconditioned iteration matrix by the combination of predigesting LU decomposition and local orthogonalization, and the convergence of solution is proved. Indicated from the example, this algorithm can increase the rate of computation efficiently and it is quite stable.
文摘Hypoxia preconditioning （HPC） is associated with many complicated pathophysiological and biochemical processes that integrated and regulated via molecular levels. HPC could protect cells, tissues, organs and systems from hypoxia injury, but up to date, the molecular mechanism still remained unclear. The acute and repetitive hy- poxia preconditioning model was constructed and the related parameters were observed. The high-throughput mi- croarray analysis and multiple bioinformatics were used to explore the differentially expressed genes in HPC mice brain and the related gene network, pathways and biological processes related to HPC. The 2D-DIGE coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS was performed to identify these proteins that were differentially expressed during HPC. The UPLC-HRMS based metabolomics method was utilized to explore the key endogenous metabolites and metabolic pathways related to HPC. The results showed that （1） 1175 differentially expressed genes in HPC mice brain were identified. Fourteen of these genes were the related hub genes for HPC, including Cacna2dl, Grin2a, Npylr, Mef2c, Epha4, Rxfpl, Chrm3, Pdela, Atp2b4, Glral, Idil , Fgfl, Grin2b and Cda. The change trends of all the detected genes by RT-PCR were consistent with the data of gene chips. There were 113 significant functions up- regulated and 138 significant functions down-regulated in HPC mice. （2） About 2100 proteins were revealed via the gel imaging and spot detection. 66, 45 and 70 of proteins were found to have significantly difference between the control group and three times of HPC group, the control and six times of HPC, and the three times of HPC and six times of HPC group. （3）Some endogenous metabolites such as phenylalanine, valine, proline, leucine and glu- tamine were increased, while ereatine was decreased, both in HPC brain and heart; in addition, y-aminobutyric acid was markedly decreased in brain. The sphingolipid metabolic pathways were noticed due to the low p-value and high pathway impact. Especially, the sphingolipid compound sphingomyelin, ceramide, glucosyleeramide, galactosylceramide and laetosylceramide were mapping in this metabolic pathway. Interestingly, these sphingolipid metabolites with olefinic bond in the long fatty chain were up-regulated, while those sphingolipids without olefinic bond were down-regulated. The functions of these differentially expressed genes mainly involved the cellular proces- ses including MAPK pathway, ion transport, neurotransmitter transport and neuropeptide signal pathway. The pro- tein levels related the ATP synthesis and citric acid cycle decreased while the proteins with the glycolysis and oxy- gen-binding increased. Glutathione, GNBP-1 and GPD1L were related to preventing hypoxic damage. The results indicated that C24：l-Cers played a critical role in HPC and had potential in endogenous protective mechanism. The combinations of the system omies data of the different molecules were sufficient to give a further understanding of the molecular pathways affected by HPC. Our data provided an important insight to reveal the protection mechanism of HPC.
文摘Grinding is one of the most costly operations in the mechanical breaking and mining.Determination of the breakage characteristics and preconditioning is important to increase the grinding efficiency.Investigations of the seismic,mechanical and breakage properties of iron oxides are very important parameters for investigating the rock fragmentation by blasting and comminution processes in iron ore mines.In this paper,at first,geomechanical and seismic properties of the oxide ores(magnetite and hematite)in the Chadormalu iron ore mine were studied.The results showed that the percentage of magnetite has a direct relationship with uniaxial compressive strength,tensile strength and P and S wave’s velocities and has an inverse relationship with Poisson ratio and porosity.Moreover,to study breakage and preconditioning characteristics in the iron ores,two samples with different magnetite percents were blasted by detonation cord.The results showed that with higher percentage of magnetite,the number of fractures induced by blasting increased.Bond work index and magnetite percent were investigated in the 430 blasts in the mine.This investigation not only confirmed the small scale blasting results,but also showed that increasing the magnetite percent up to 50%noticeably reduces Bond work index and energy consumption in the grinding process.Also,the relationship between muck pile fragmentation and magnetite percentage were studied for several blasts that had the same blast pattern parameters and similar geology conditions.These results also confirmed precedents conclusions regarding magnetite percent and preconditioning relationship.
基金The project supported by NSFC(81171079,81271312)
文摘OBJCETIVE Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that consumption of moderate amounts of red wine is associated with significant reductions in incidences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,which may be related to alcohol in red wine.Our previous study demonstrated that ethanol ingestion 24 h prior to induction of cerebral ischemic/reperfusion(I/R)reduced delayed neuronal death(DND).Our most recent results supported a role for big Ca2+-sensitive K+channel(BKCa channel)activation in the neuroprotective effects of ethanol preconditioning(Et OH-PC)in global cerebral I/R.Therefore,we hypothesis that moderate Et OH-PC activates BKCa channel to protect brain damage induced by focal cerebral I/R.This project will utilize focal cerebral I/R animal model to explore the function of BKCa channel in Et OH-PC protection in vivo levels by means of pharmacological intervention such as BKCa channel opene(rNS11021,NS)and blocke(rpaxilline,PX).The results will provide theoretical evidence for neuroprotective effect of moderate alcohol preconditioning against ischemic stroke,and the conclusion will also bring to a concept that extrinsic moderate ethanol preconditioning may activate intrinsic protective mechanism in the brain.METHODS The SD rat were randomly divided into the following six groups(n=10):sham,I/R,Et OH-PC+I/R,NS11021-PC+I/R,paxilline+Et OH-PC+I/R,Paxilline+NS11021-PC+I/R.Both Et OH-PC and NS11021-PC(0.1mg·kg-1;ip)were induced 24 h before I/R.The volume of 95%ethanol to be instilled(inμL)was calculated as follows:〔body weight(g)×0.6〕+0.3.This volume of ethanol was mixed in 0.3 m L of sterile distilled water just before administration to the animals by gavage.The Paxilline(2.5 mg·kg-1;ip)was administered 10min beforeEt OH-PC and NS11021-PC.The right middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)was produced by inversion of a 4-0-nylon filament.The filament was withdrawn 2 h after onset of MCAO and then reperfused.Neurological deficits and infarct volume were measured 24 h after I/R.Another 36 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups as above,6 in each group.DWI were performed 2h after ischemic and T2WI MRI were performed 24 h after I/R to observe the infarct volume of brain and the penumbra volume of brain in each group.Then rats were killed and detected the apoptotic cell death and degeneration of neurons.RESULTS Compared to I/R group,the neurological score(P<0.01),the infarct volume of brain(P<0.01),the infarct volume of ischemic penumbra(P<0.01),the percentage of apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)and the percentage of degenerative neurons(P<0.01)were significantly decreased after ethanol preconditioning,while these changes were reversed by paxilline(P<0.05);compared to I/R group,the neurological score(P<0.01),the infarct volume of brain(P<0.01),the infarct volume of ischemic penumbra(P<0.01),the percentage of apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)and the percentage of degenerative neurons(P<0.01)were significantly decreased after NS11021 preconditioning,while these changes were reversed by paxilline(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our results show that moderate alcohol preconditioning activates BKCa channels to protect brain damage induced by focal cerebral I/R.
基金Project(2004036433)supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Chinaproject(B2004024)supported by theScience Foundation of Public Health Bureau of Hunan Province
文摘Objective To investigate the change of protein expression of lung tissue of rabbit after ischemic preconditioning(IP)and try to elucidate the potential protective mechanism of IP.Methods 12 domestic rabbits were randomly divided into group IP and group control(6 rabbits in each group).All the left lungs were afflicted by ische mia-reperfusion injury except that those in group IP were subject to IP prior to ischemic phase.2-DE was employed to separate the total protein of the lung tissue.PDQuest analysis software was used to distinguish the differently expressed protein spot.MALDI-TOF-MS and Mascot database searching were exploited to identify these proteins.Results 1)IP attenuated the ischemia-reperfusion lung injury.2)The proteomic analysis showed 35 target proteins,of which 17 were characterized such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3k)delta catalytic subunit.Conclusions 1)Proteomic is a promising tool to investigate the IP and ischemia-reperfusion lung injury.2)That IP inhibits inflammatory cascades through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signal transduction pathway may be one of its protective mechanism.
文摘在细观结构层次上将大坝混凝土作为骨料、固化水泥砂浆及其粘结界面组成的复合材料,建立了大坝混凝土三维细观力学数值模型。该模型既能够反映混凝土及其细观各相材料在荷载作用下的损伤演化过程,又考虑了动载作用的应变率强化效应。给出了该数值模型求解方法,并编制出能够在普通PC机上运行的串行程序。加载过程既可按荷载控制又可按位移控制。同时,为了减少求解自由度应用了分尺度方法以使最小骨料和固化水泥砂浆混合后其力学性能与一种复合介质等效。通过混凝土湿筛和三级配试件的静、动(冲击)弯拉数值计算验证了本文计算方法和程序正确有效。另外,在串行程序的基础上,优化了刚度矩阵的存储方式,采用双门槛不完全Cholesky分解(ICT)预条件的共轭梯度法(CG),完成了能够在Sun Fire 6800服务器实现并行计算的并行程序改造,从而大大提高了计算效率。
