The human plasma protein binding of water soluble flavonoids in the peels of five spices of citrus fruits was studied by ultrafiltration combined with HPLC.The flavonoids were extracted separately by hot and cold wate...The human plasma protein binding of water soluble flavonoids in the peels of five spices of citrus fruits was studied by ultrafiltration combined with HPLC.The flavonoids were extracted separately by hot and cold water,and higher total flavonoid contents were detected in the former extracts than the latter ones.All the extracts show significant scavenging abilities to both ABTS and DPPH free radicals,which indicates the health benefits of the water extracts of citrus fruits peels.For DPPH radical,the IC50values of hot extract follow as Navel orange(NO)≈Mandarin orange(MO)< Lemon(LE)< Lo tangerine(LO)< Pomelo(PO),while the rank is NO< PO<LE≈MO<LO for ABTS radical.The HPLC results reveal that the kinds and contents of the flavonoids detected in the extracts are different among the species.MO extract has the most neohesperidin dihydrochalcone of 118.76 μmol/L and quercetrin of 211.81 μmol/L of which are much more than the rest extracts.Pomelo extract has the most plentiful flavonoids of naringin with a concentration of 303.28 μmol/L.The high contents of myricetrin and dihydromyricetin which both are potent free radical scavengers may explain the highest free radical scavenging activity of the NO extract.The plasma binding rates decrease with the increasing concentrations of flavonoids,and the flavonoids having plenty hydroxyl groups on both A ring and B ring of the molecular skeleton have relative higher plasma binding rates.In addition,the plasma binding rates of flavonoids with saturated C3-C4 bond decrease significantly with the increasing concentrations.展开更多
In a famous paper published in 1982, a very special class of gunshot residue particles(GSR) was named by Samarendra Basu "peeled orange", due to their particular structure, consisting of a barium/antimony co...In a famous paper published in 1982, a very special class of gunshot residue particles(GSR) was named by Samarendra Basu "peeled orange", due to their particular structure, consisting of a barium/antimony core covered by an outer lead leaflet. In this class of GSR particles the surface may show nodular structures of lead. Basu proposed an explanation in terms of a nucleus of antimony and barium that captures lead vapours produced after the explosion of a cartridge into a firearm: as solidification points of antimony and barium are close one another, both higher than solidification point of lead, he stated that lead occurs as a layer around the core in peeled orange GSR particles. In this paper we study the thermodynamic of the barium/antimony alloy and we hypothesize a formation process in terms of colloidal metal growth, charged particles and electrostatic attraction. We propose an updated model of formation for peeled orange GSR particles that explains the existence of outer lead leaflet and nodules in terms of electrostatic attraction of lead nanoparticles and instability of lead droplets.展开更多
Garlic peel,as the raw material,was modified by loading with zirconium(IV),exhibiting quite good uptaking behaviour for fluoride anion.The adsorption experiments were carried out in batch shaking vessels,and the proce...Garlic peel,as the raw material,was modified by loading with zirconium(IV),exhibiting quite good uptaking behaviour for fluoride anion.The adsorption experiments were carried out in batch shaking vessels,and the process was strongly dependent on the pH value.The adsorption fits Langmuir model well,and the maximum adsorption capacities at equilibrium pH 2 and 6 are evaluated to be 1.10 and 0.89 mol(fluoride)/kg of Zr-loaded garlic peel gel,respectively.The evaluation of effects of coexisting anions such as nitrate,sulfate and phosphate shows that nitrate and sulfate have no negative effect on the adsorption of fluoride,while phosphate has a little effect.Adsorption kinetics of fluoride is well described by pseudo-second-order rate equation,and the corresponding adsorption rate constant is calculated to be 3.25×10?3 g/(mg·min).展开更多
The viscous-flow properties of pectin from the residue of orange peel after extraction of essential oil and flavonoid were studied and the viscosity-average molecular mass(Mv,ave) of this kind of pectin was determined...The viscous-flow properties of pectin from the residue of orange peel after extraction of essential oil and flavonoid were studied and the viscosity-average molecular mass(Mv,ave) of this kind of pectin was determined.Experimental results show that Arrhenius viscous-flow equation can be applied to describing the effect of temperature on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions with the average viscous-flow activation energy being 17.91 kJ/mol(depending on the concentration).Neither power equation,η =K1 cA1,nor exponential equation,η=K2exp(A2c) can describe the effect of concentration on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions well.However,it seems that exponential equation model is more suitable to describe their relation due to its higher linear correlation coefficient.Schulz-Blaschke equation can be used to calculate the intrinsic viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin.The Mv,ave of the orange peel pectin is 1.65×105 g/mol.展开更多
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of mangosteen peel extract(MPE)on migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)treated with LPS.METHODS Cultured HUVECs were divided into five groups...OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of mangosteen peel extract(MPE)on migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)treated with LPS.METHODS Cultured HUVECs were divided into five groups:normal(untreated)group,positive control group treated with LPS at dose of 20ng·mL-1 for 24 h,and groups pre-treated with LPS at dose of 20ng·mL-1 for 24 h followed by incubation with MPE at doses of 1,2,and 4-1μg·mL,respectively.HUVECs migration was evaluated using wound-healing migration assay after 24 h of treatment.RESULTS LPS significantly(P<0.05)impaired HUVECs migration compared to the normal.MPE at dose of 1μg·mL-1 increased migration of LPS-treated HUVECs significantly(P<0.05)compared to the positive control and near to the normal level.CONCLUSION The mangosteen peel extract is able to dose-dependently preserve the endothelial cells function.展开更多
基金Project(21176263) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The human plasma protein binding of water soluble flavonoids in the peels of five spices of citrus fruits was studied by ultrafiltration combined with HPLC.The flavonoids were extracted separately by hot and cold water,and higher total flavonoid contents were detected in the former extracts than the latter ones.All the extracts show significant scavenging abilities to both ABTS and DPPH free radicals,which indicates the health benefits of the water extracts of citrus fruits peels.For DPPH radical,the IC50values of hot extract follow as Navel orange(NO)≈Mandarin orange(MO)< Lemon(LE)< Lo tangerine(LO)< Pomelo(PO),while the rank is NO< PO<LE≈MO<LO for ABTS radical.The HPLC results reveal that the kinds and contents of the flavonoids detected in the extracts are different among the species.MO extract has the most neohesperidin dihydrochalcone of 118.76 μmol/L and quercetrin of 211.81 μmol/L of which are much more than the rest extracts.Pomelo extract has the most plentiful flavonoids of naringin with a concentration of 303.28 μmol/L.The high contents of myricetrin and dihydromyricetin which both are potent free radical scavengers may explain the highest free radical scavenging activity of the NO extract.The plasma binding rates decrease with the increasing concentrations of flavonoids,and the flavonoids having plenty hydroxyl groups on both A ring and B ring of the molecular skeleton have relative higher plasma binding rates.In addition,the plasma binding rates of flavonoids with saturated C3-C4 bond decrease significantly with the increasing concentrations.
文摘In a famous paper published in 1982, a very special class of gunshot residue particles(GSR) was named by Samarendra Basu "peeled orange", due to their particular structure, consisting of a barium/antimony core covered by an outer lead leaflet. In this class of GSR particles the surface may show nodular structures of lead. Basu proposed an explanation in terms of a nucleus of antimony and barium that captures lead vapours produced after the explosion of a cartridge into a firearm: as solidification points of antimony and barium are close one another, both higher than solidification point of lead, he stated that lead occurs as a layer around the core in peeled orange GSR particles. In this paper we study the thermodynamic of the barium/antimony alloy and we hypothesize a formation process in terms of colloidal metal growth, charged particles and electrostatic attraction. We propose an updated model of formation for peeled orange GSR particles that explains the existence of outer lead leaflet and nodules in terms of electrostatic attraction of lead nanoparticles and instability of lead droplets.
基金Project(11140065) supported by Research Program for Returned Oversea Scholars of China
文摘Garlic peel,as the raw material,was modified by loading with zirconium(IV),exhibiting quite good uptaking behaviour for fluoride anion.The adsorption experiments were carried out in batch shaking vessels,and the process was strongly dependent on the pH value.The adsorption fits Langmuir model well,and the maximum adsorption capacities at equilibrium pH 2 and 6 are evaluated to be 1.10 and 0.89 mol(fluoride)/kg of Zr-loaded garlic peel gel,respectively.The evaluation of effects of coexisting anions such as nitrate,sulfate and phosphate shows that nitrate and sulfate have no negative effect on the adsorption of fluoride,while phosphate has a little effect.Adsorption kinetics of fluoride is well described by pseudo-second-order rate equation,and the corresponding adsorption rate constant is calculated to be 3.25×10?3 g/(mg·min).
基金Project(104-0071) supported by Foundation of Talents of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,China
文摘The viscous-flow properties of pectin from the residue of orange peel after extraction of essential oil and flavonoid were studied and the viscosity-average molecular mass(Mv,ave) of this kind of pectin was determined.Experimental results show that Arrhenius viscous-flow equation can be applied to describing the effect of temperature on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions with the average viscous-flow activation energy being 17.91 kJ/mol(depending on the concentration).Neither power equation,η =K1 cA1,nor exponential equation,η=K2exp(A2c) can describe the effect of concentration on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions well.However,it seems that exponential equation model is more suitable to describe their relation due to its higher linear correlation coefficient.Schulz-Blaschke equation can be used to calculate the intrinsic viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin.The Mv,ave of the orange peel pectin is 1.65×105 g/mol.
文摘OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of mangosteen peel extract(MPE)on migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)treated with LPS.METHODS Cultured HUVECs were divided into five groups:normal(untreated)group,positive control group treated with LPS at dose of 20ng·mL-1 for 24 h,and groups pre-treated with LPS at dose of 20ng·mL-1 for 24 h followed by incubation with MPE at doses of 1,2,and 4-1μg·mL,respectively.HUVECs migration was evaluated using wound-healing migration assay after 24 h of treatment.RESULTS LPS significantly(P<0.05)impaired HUVECs migration compared to the normal.MPE at dose of 1μg·mL-1 increased migration of LPS-treated HUVECs significantly(P<0.05)compared to the positive control and near to the normal level.CONCLUSION The mangosteen peel extract is able to dose-dependently preserve the endothelial cells function.
