Objective:Oleic acid,a subtype of monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA),is present in abundance in certain edible oils,particularly olive oils.Epidemiological evidence concerning dietary oleic acid intake and the long-term...Objective:Oleic acid,a subtype of monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA),is present in abundance in certain edible oils,particularly olive oils.Epidemiological evidence concerning dietary oleic acid intake and the long-term risk of mortality is lacking.This study aimed to evaluate the associations of the dietary intake of oleic acid and other specific subtypes of MUFAs,olive oil,and other vegetable oils with cardiovascular disease(CVD)and all-cause mortality.Methods:This prospective cohort study included adults aged 40 years or older who participated in the included U.S.adults National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).Dietary MUFA intake was assessed via 24-h dietary recall interviews in NHANES 1999–2018,and the consumption of olive oil and other vegetable oils was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire in NHANES 2003–2006.Deaths and underlying causes of death were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index through December 31,2019.Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)and 95%CIs.Results:Dietary intake of total MUFAs and oleic acid was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality,with HRs(95%CI)of 0.62(0.39–0.99)and 0.61(0.39–0.97),respectively.Total MUFA and oleic acid intake were inversely associated with all-cause mortality;the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.77(95%CI:0.60–0.99)and 0.78(95%CI:0.62–0.99),respectively.There was no significant association between palmitoleic acid intake and all-cause mortality.The habitual consumption of olive oil,but not the consumption of other vegetable oils,was inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality.In the joint association analysis,the HRs(95%CI)of cardiovascular mortality were 0.36(0.19–0.69)for people who exclusively consumed olive oil,0.59(0.27–1.32)for people who consumed both olive oil and other vegetable oils,and 0.73(0.46–1.14)for people who exclusively consumed other vegetable oils compared with people who never consumed vegetable oils.Conclusions:In a U.S.nationally representative prospective cohort,higher dietary oleic acid intake and olive oil consumption were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality.展开更多
Perilla essential oil(PEO)is reported as an aromatic yellowish oily substance with a volatile odor extracted from perilla leaves.It exhibits various biological activities except anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity....Perilla essential oil(PEO)is reported as an aromatic yellowish oily substance with a volatile odor extracted from perilla leaves.It exhibits various biological activities except anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity.In this study,we investigated the main components and anti-TMV activity of PEO,identified its primary active components,and examined its mode of action.The results indicated that PEO exhibited anti-TMV activity(65.58%)at 800μg/mL,with perillaldehyde identified as the main active component.The protective,curative,and inactivation activities of perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL were 80.41%,73.42%,and 34.93%,respectively.These values were significantly higher than those of the control drug(commercial chitosan oligosaccharide)and the protective and curative activities were superior to those of ningnanmycin.The results of the mode of action showed that perillaldehyde induced a hypersensitive response(HR)in tobacco.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)observation revealed that perillaldehyde had no direct effect on TMV particles.The treatment of Nicotiana glutinosa with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL indicated that perillaldehyde had significant induction activity(58.46%).The expression of three pathogenesis-related tobacco genes(PR genes),including nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1(NPR1),pathogenesis-related protein 1 gene(PR1),and pathogenesis-related protein 5 gene(PR5),were induced and upregulated by perillaldehyde treatment.Perillaldehyde also induced the overexpression of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene(PAL),respiratory burst oxidase homolog B gene(RBOHB),and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase gene 1(POR1).Furthermore,perillaldehyde increased the salicylic acid(SA)and H2O2 contents in tobacco leaves,and enhanced the activities of four defense enzymes:superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL).N.glutinosa was treated with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL for 24 h,and the results showed that the highest SA and H_(2)O_(2) contents(1032.08 pmol/L and 23.40μmol/g FW,respectively)were obtained in tobacco leaves.Defense enzyme activities also reached a maximum at 800μg/mL,and the activities of CAT,PAL,POD,and SOD increased by 1.76,1.95,2.17,and 3.78 times,respectively,compared to the control.The results of the study showed that perillaldehyde may enhance resistance to pathogen infection by inducing systemic acquired resistance(SAR),which may contribute to the activation of SA signal transduction pathway.Therefore,perillaldehyde has the potential for application in agriculture as a novel antiviral agent and immune inducer.展开更多
This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy solutions....This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy solutions.It highlights the availability of the corresponding biomass in Malaysia and in line with global studies,the chemical compositions,as well as a brief description of current technologies for converting biomass of oil palm into value added products specifically cellulose.Steps to achieve maximum utilization of biomass from oil palm industry for cellulose production and prospective source for nitrocellulose-based propellant are also proposed.The methodology section outlines the pretreatment of lignocellulosic fibres,cellulose extraction,and nitrocellulose production processes.Overall,the review underscores the prospective of palm oil biomass as a sustainable cellulose source for propellant manufacturing,while acknowledging the need for further research and advancements in the field.展开更多
As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the ...As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the relationship between heavy oil composition and potassium storage performance remains unclear.Using heavy oils containing distinct chemical groups as the carbon source,namely fluid catalytic cracking slurry(FCCS),petroleum asphalt(PA)and deoiled asphalt(DOA),three carbon nanosheets(CNS)were prepared through a molten salt method,and used as the anodes for PIBs.The composition of the heavy oil determines the lamellar thicknesses,sp^(3)-C/sp^(2)-C ratio and defect concentration,thereby affecting the potassium storage performance.The high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and moderate amount of heavy component moieties in FCCS produce carbon nanosheets(CNS-FCCS)that have a smaller layer thickness,larger interlayer spacing(0.372 nm),and increased number of folds than in CNS derived from the other three precursors.These features give it faster charge/ion transfer,more potassium storage sites and better reaction kinetics.CNS-FCCS has a remarkable K^(+)storage capacity(248.7 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1)),long cycle lifespan(190.8 mAh g^(-1) after 800 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and excellent rate capability,ranking it among the best materials for this application.This work sheds light on the influence of heavy oil composition on carbon structure and electrochemical performance,and provides guidance for the design and development of advanced heavy oil-derived carbon electrodes for PIBs.展开更多
In order to promote agricultural production and trade cooperation among BRICS countries,and ensure the security and stability of the oils and oilseeds industrial and supply chains in China and the world,the production...In order to promote agricultural production and trade cooperation among BRICS countries,and ensure the security and stability of the oils and oilseeds industrial and supply chains in China and the world,the production,consumption,trade trend,and cooperation potential of oils and oilseeds in BRICS countries were expounded,and relevant policy recommendations were put forward.Most of the BRICS countries are major agricultural producers,and they are also important agricultural product consumption markets in the world.In 2023/2024,the production and consumption of oilseeds in BRICS countries account for nearly half of the world's total;the production of vegetable oils exceeds a quarter of the world's total,and the consumption of vegetable oils accounts for 40%of the world's total.In 2023/2024,the import and export volume of oilseeds exceeds half of the world's total;vegetable oil imports account for 40%of the world's total,and exports account for about one tenth of the world's total.China's imports of oilseeds and oils from BRICS countries account for 68%and 29%of its global imports in 2023,respectively.BRICS countries are rich in agricultural land resources,have great potential for oils and oilseeds production,obvious complementary advantages in trade structure,and huge space for future cooperation.It is suggested that Brazil should be included in the"Belt and Road"co-construction category to promote the continuous deepening of agricultural cooperation between China and Brazil.It is suggested to explore regional agricultural trade agreements among BRICS countries,promote currency settlement and exchange among BRICS countries,and enhance the facilitation and stability of BRICS trade.It is suggested that China should increase its investment in BRICS countries and export advanced technology and management experience to benefit local agricultural development and achieve a mutually beneficial and win-win situation.展开更多
The oblique transfer zone in the Fushan Sag, a syndepositional dome sandwiched between the Bailian and Huangtong sub-sags, has been the most important exploration target. The major oil observation occurs in the E_2l_1...The oblique transfer zone in the Fushan Sag, a syndepositional dome sandwiched between the Bailian and Huangtong sub-sags, has been the most important exploration target. The major oil observation occurs in the E_2l_1^(L+M) and the E_2l_3~U. 46 oil and rock samples reveal that the oil in the transfer zone is mostly contributed by the Bailian sub-sag, though the source rock conditions, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion histories of the Bailian and Huangtong sub-sags are similar. The E_2l_3~U oil, characterized by high maturity, Pr/Ph ratio and oleanane/C_(30)-hopane ratio, shows a close genetic affinity with the E_2l_3~b source rocks, while the E_2l_1^(L+M) oil, characterized by lower maturity, Pr/Ph ratio and oleanane/C_(30)-hopane ratio, is suggested to be derived from the E_2l_(1+2)~b source rocks. The homogenization temperatures of aqueous fluid inclusions, taking the burial history of the reservoirs into account, reflect that the oil charge mainly occurred from mid-Miocene to Pliocene in the oblique transfer zone. The oil transporting passages include connected sand bodies, unconformities and faults in the Fushan Sag. Of these, the faults are the most complicated and significant. The faults differ sharply in the west area, the east area and the oblique transfer zone, resulting in different influence on the oil migration and accumulation. During the main hydrocarbon charge stage, the faults in the west area are characterized by bad vertical sealing and spatially dense distribution. As a result, the oil generated by the Huangtong source rocks is mostly lost along the faults during the vertical migration in the west area. This can be the mechanism proposed to explain the little contribution of the Huangtong source rocks to the oil in the oblique transfer zone. Eventually, an oil migration and accumulation model is built in the oblique transfer zone, which may provide theoretical and practical guides for the oil exploration.展开更多
Engineering property of kaolin clay contaminated by diesel oil was studied through a series of laboratory experiments.Oil contents(mass fraction) of 4%,8%,12%,16% and 20% were selected to represent different contamina...Engineering property of kaolin clay contaminated by diesel oil was studied through a series of laboratory experiments.Oil contents(mass fraction) of 4%,8%,12%,16% and 20% were selected to represent different contamination degrees,and the soil specimens were manually prepared through mixing and static compaction method.Initial water content and dry density of the test kaolin clay were controlled at 10% and 1.58 g/cm^3,respectively.Test results indicate that since part of the diesel oil will be released from soil by evaporation,the real water content should be derived through calibration of the quasi water content obtained by traditional test method.As contamination degree of the kaolin clay increases,both liquid limit and plastic limit decrease,but there's only a slight increase for plasticity index.Swelling pressure of contaminated kaolin clay under confined condition will be lowered when oil-content gets higher.Unconfined compressive strength(UCS) of the oil-contaminated kaolin clay is influenced by not only oil content but also curing period.Increase of contamination degree will continually lower UCS of the kaolin clay specimen.In addition,electrical resistivity of the contaminated kaolin clay with given water content decreases with the increase of oil content.However,soil resistivity is in good relationship with oil content and UCS.Finally,oil content of 8% is found to be a critical value for engineering property of kaolin clay to transit from water-dominated towards oil-dominated characteristics.展开更多
Water alternating gas(WAG)injection is a widely used strategy for enhancing oil recovery(EOR)during gas flooding,and the mechanisms,operating parameters,and influencing factors of which have been extensively studied.H...Water alternating gas(WAG)injection is a widely used strategy for enhancing oil recovery(EOR)during gas flooding,and the mechanisms,operating parameters,and influencing factors of which have been extensively studied.However,with respect to its capacity in expanding macroscopic sweep volume under varying heterogeneities,the related results appear inadequate.In this research,three cores with different heterogeneities were used and flooded by the joint water and CO_(2) WAG,then the effects of heterogeneity on oil recovery were determined.More importantly,the cores after CO_(2) WAG injection were investigated using the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technique for remaining oil distribution research,which could help us to understand the capacity of CO_(2) WAG in enlarging sweep volume at different heterogeneities.The results show that the presence of heterogeneity may largely weaken the effectiveness of water flooding,the more severe the heterogeneity,the worse the water flooding.The WAG injection of CO_(2) performs well in EOR after water flooding for all the cores with different heterogeneities;however,it could barely form a complete or full sweep throughout the low-permeability region,and un-swept bypassed regions remain.The homogeneous core is better developed by the injection of the joint water and CO_(2) WAG than the heterogeneous and fractured cases.展开更多
For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmissi...For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.展开更多
Soybean is generally recognized as a source of edible and the deoiled meal is seen as a source of protein in animal feed.In recent years.However,more interest has been directed toward using soy meal as a protein souce...Soybean is generally recognized as a source of edible and the deoiled meal is seen as a source of protein in animal feed.In recent years.However,more interest has been directed toward using soy meal as a protein souce for human consumption.Extrusion expelling of soybean provides an opportunity in this direction.The main focus of this study was to maximize the oil recovery from extruded soybean processed using three different kinds of extrudates and processing conditions.These extruded samples were later pressed uniaxially in a specifically designed test cell and the oil recovery was recorded over time.The effects of process variables,including applied pressure,pressing temperature and sample height,were investigated.Results indicated that over90% of the available oil could be recovered from pressing of extruded soy samples.The information generated is likedly to be useful in interpreting the effect of precess variables and extruding equipment for pretreatment of soybean for subsequent mechanical oil expression.展开更多
In order to solve the failure of fuel system when using petroleum coke oil slurry (PCOS) in a R180 diesel engine directly,a petroleum coke oil slurry fuel system (PCOSFS) was developed and installed in R180 engine,whi...In order to solve the failure of fuel system when using petroleum coke oil slurry (PCOS) in a R180 diesel engine directly,a petroleum coke oil slurry fuel system (PCOSFS) was developed and installed in R180 engine,which was called PCOS engine.In order to analyze performances and emissions of the PCOS engine,a comparative experiment between PCOS engine fueled with PCOS and R180 engine fueled with diesel oil was carried out.The results show that the PCOS engine can run smoothly,the maximum output power decreases by about 6.2% and 19.0% and the maximum brake thermal efficiency reduces by around 5.85% and 4.13% as compared to R180 engine under the conditions of 1 200 and 1 600 r/min.The HC emissions of PCOS engine are lower than those of R180 engine at 1 200 r/min,and are close to those of R180 engine at 1 600 r/min.The CO emissions are similar to R180 engine at 1 200 and 1 600 r/min.The smoke intensity is close to R180 engine at 1 200 r/min,and is higher than R180 engine at 1 600 r/min.The particles emitted from PCOS engine array sparsely,but particles emitted from R180 engine array closely,cohering together.展开更多
The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil i...The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil infiltration through soils with time, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.99. Diesel oil infiltrates more quickly in the fine sand than in the silty clay loam material. Diesel oil infiltration rates are found to decrease with increasing initial water content and bulk density for the silty clay loam material. The infiltration rate of diesel oil in the fine sand material increases slightly with increasing initial water content. The diesel oil saturated conductivity(Kdiesel) decreases with increasing bulk density for the silty clay loam column. Diesel oil sorptivity(S) decreases linearly with increased initial water content and bulk density of the silty clay loam material. Changes in empirical parameters relative to initial water content and bulk density are similar to the parameter S.展开更多
It's not easy for traditional standards such as STEP to describe product information in a semantic way, andthese limitations result in difficulties in knowledge-based product information integration. In addition, ...It's not easy for traditional standards such as STEP to describe product information in a semantic way, andthese limitations result in difficulties in knowledge-based product information integration. In addition, contemporarycomputing environment needs a Web-based language to describe product information, while STEP standard and itsEXPRESS language have no such features however. The development of Semantic Web is making itself be an impor-tant method to facilitate the knowledge-based information integration. This paper presents a new semantic Web lan-guage, DAML+OIL, and tries to use it to describe product information. It is proved that using DAML+OIL to de-scribe product information is quite a feasible way.展开更多
Nano-copper used as lubrication oil additive has good tribological property and active self-repairing effect for friction pairs. The reduction in liquid phase for preparing nano-additive is one of the most common meth...Nano-copper used as lubrication oil additive has good tribological property and active self-repairing effect for friction pairs. The reduction in liquid phase for preparing nano-additive is one of the most common method. Nano-copper was prepared by reduction in liquid phase. The different project and routine practice for preparing nano-copper were researched. The dispersion problem of nano-copper was investigated by surface treatment and high dispersion. The particles dimension, the dispersion stability and the purity of nano-copper were characterized by TEM and XRD. The conclusion indicates that the methods of the preparation and dispersion can obtain 20nm copper additive with good dispersion property in lubrication oil.展开更多
The composition of a collector directly affects its collecting performance in mineral flotation.In this study,three vegetable oils were used as the collectors,the flotation performance of scheelite and the differentia...The composition of a collector directly affects its collecting performance in mineral flotation.In this study,three vegetable oils were used as the collectors,the flotation performance of scheelite and the differential analysis were studied through flotation experiments,zeta potential,contact angle measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR)analysis.Flotation results show that the recovery of scheelite increases in the order of oleic acid<rapeseed oil<rice bran oil<soybean oil,especially in the pH range of 5-8.The distinction in the scheelite recovery is due to the different compositions of these collectors.The addition of LA,LNA and PA(<5%)can increase the recovery of scheelite with OA,but the addition of SA deteriorates the scheelite flotation.Results of zeta potential,contact angle measurement and FTIR analysis indicate that the collector adsorption on scheelite surface is enhanced when using the three vegetable oils.For the raw ore with 0.086%WO3,a rough concentrate containing 1.423%WO3 with the recovery of 84.22%is obtained using soybean oil as the collector.展开更多
Through using mineral oil and synthetic oil to deploy the semisynthesis base oil, modifying the surfaces of ultrafine tungsten disulfide grains by surface chemical embellishment and adsorption embellishment to make th...Through using mineral oil and synthetic oil to deploy the semisynthesis base oil, modifying the surfaces of ultrafine tungsten disulfide grains by surface chemical embellishment and adsorption embellishment to make them suspended steadily in the base oil as solid lubricating additive, and adding some function additives, the tungsten disulfide motor oil was prepared. The tribological characteristics of this kind motor oil and the well-known motor oils in our country and overseas were studied. The results show that the oil film strength of this kind of motor oil is respectively 1.06 and 1.38 times of that of shell helix ultra motor oil and great wall motor oil, and its sintering load is 1.75 and 2.33 times of that of them, and when tested under 392 N, 1 450 r/rain and 30 min, the friction coefficients of friction pairs lubricated by the tungsten disulfide motor oil decrease with the increase of time, meanwhile, the diameter of worn spot is small, and the surface of worn spot is smooth, and no obvious furrows appear. The experiments indicate that the tungsten disulfide motor oil has the better antiwear, antifriction and extreme pressure properties than the well-known motor oils.展开更多
基金supported by the Joint Fund for New Medicine of the University of Science and Technology of China(YD9100002029).
文摘Objective:Oleic acid,a subtype of monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA),is present in abundance in certain edible oils,particularly olive oils.Epidemiological evidence concerning dietary oleic acid intake and the long-term risk of mortality is lacking.This study aimed to evaluate the associations of the dietary intake of oleic acid and other specific subtypes of MUFAs,olive oil,and other vegetable oils with cardiovascular disease(CVD)and all-cause mortality.Methods:This prospective cohort study included adults aged 40 years or older who participated in the included U.S.adults National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).Dietary MUFA intake was assessed via 24-h dietary recall interviews in NHANES 1999–2018,and the consumption of olive oil and other vegetable oils was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire in NHANES 2003–2006.Deaths and underlying causes of death were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index through December 31,2019.Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)and 95%CIs.Results:Dietary intake of total MUFAs and oleic acid was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality,with HRs(95%CI)of 0.62(0.39–0.99)and 0.61(0.39–0.97),respectively.Total MUFA and oleic acid intake were inversely associated with all-cause mortality;the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.77(95%CI:0.60–0.99)and 0.78(95%CI:0.62–0.99),respectively.There was no significant association between palmitoleic acid intake and all-cause mortality.The habitual consumption of olive oil,but not the consumption of other vegetable oils,was inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality.In the joint association analysis,the HRs(95%CI)of cardiovascular mortality were 0.36(0.19–0.69)for people who exclusively consumed olive oil,0.59(0.27–1.32)for people who consumed both olive oil and other vegetable oils,and 0.73(0.46–1.14)for people who exclusively consumed other vegetable oils compared with people who never consumed vegetable oils.Conclusions:In a U.S.nationally representative prospective cohort,higher dietary oleic acid intake and olive oil consumption were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32072444)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32060429)the key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.2022D01D44).
文摘Perilla essential oil(PEO)is reported as an aromatic yellowish oily substance with a volatile odor extracted from perilla leaves.It exhibits various biological activities except anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity.In this study,we investigated the main components and anti-TMV activity of PEO,identified its primary active components,and examined its mode of action.The results indicated that PEO exhibited anti-TMV activity(65.58%)at 800μg/mL,with perillaldehyde identified as the main active component.The protective,curative,and inactivation activities of perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL were 80.41%,73.42%,and 34.93%,respectively.These values were significantly higher than those of the control drug(commercial chitosan oligosaccharide)and the protective and curative activities were superior to those of ningnanmycin.The results of the mode of action showed that perillaldehyde induced a hypersensitive response(HR)in tobacco.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)observation revealed that perillaldehyde had no direct effect on TMV particles.The treatment of Nicotiana glutinosa with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL indicated that perillaldehyde had significant induction activity(58.46%).The expression of three pathogenesis-related tobacco genes(PR genes),including nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1(NPR1),pathogenesis-related protein 1 gene(PR1),and pathogenesis-related protein 5 gene(PR5),were induced and upregulated by perillaldehyde treatment.Perillaldehyde also induced the overexpression of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene(PAL),respiratory burst oxidase homolog B gene(RBOHB),and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase gene 1(POR1).Furthermore,perillaldehyde increased the salicylic acid(SA)and H2O2 contents in tobacco leaves,and enhanced the activities of four defense enzymes:superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL).N.glutinosa was treated with perillaldehyde at 800μg/mL for 24 h,and the results showed that the highest SA and H_(2)O_(2) contents(1032.08 pmol/L and 23.40μmol/g FW,respectively)were obtained in tobacco leaves.Defense enzyme activities also reached a maximum at 800μg/mL,and the activities of CAT,PAL,POD,and SOD increased by 1.76,1.95,2.17,and 3.78 times,respectively,compared to the control.The results of the study showed that perillaldehyde may enhance resistance to pathogen infection by inducing systemic acquired resistance(SAR),which may contribute to the activation of SA signal transduction pathway.Therefore,perillaldehyde has the potential for application in agriculture as a novel antiviral agent and immune inducer.
基金Financial support from Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia,Malaysia for Tabung Amanah PPPI (Defence Research Institute,UPNM)grant-A0014 (UPNM/2023/GPPP/SG/2)funded by Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM),situated in Malaysia+1 种基金This financial backing was made possible through the"Tabung Amanah PPPI"grant,which is affiliated with UPNM’s Defence Research Institutethe grant is identifiable by its unique reference number,"A0014 (UPNM/2023/GPPP/SG/2)"。
文摘This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy solutions.It highlights the availability of the corresponding biomass in Malaysia and in line with global studies,the chemical compositions,as well as a brief description of current technologies for converting biomass of oil palm into value added products specifically cellulose.Steps to achieve maximum utilization of biomass from oil palm industry for cellulose production and prospective source for nitrocellulose-based propellant are also proposed.The methodology section outlines the pretreatment of lignocellulosic fibres,cellulose extraction,and nitrocellulose production processes.Overall,the review underscores the prospective of palm oil biomass as a sustainable cellulose source for propellant manufacturing,while acknowledging the need for further research and advancements in the field.
文摘As by-products of petroleum refining,heavy oils are characterized by a high carbon content,low cost and great variability,making them competitive precursors for the anodes of potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the relationship between heavy oil composition and potassium storage performance remains unclear.Using heavy oils containing distinct chemical groups as the carbon source,namely fluid catalytic cracking slurry(FCCS),petroleum asphalt(PA)and deoiled asphalt(DOA),three carbon nanosheets(CNS)were prepared through a molten salt method,and used as the anodes for PIBs.The composition of the heavy oil determines the lamellar thicknesses,sp^(3)-C/sp^(2)-C ratio and defect concentration,thereby affecting the potassium storage performance.The high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and moderate amount of heavy component moieties in FCCS produce carbon nanosheets(CNS-FCCS)that have a smaller layer thickness,larger interlayer spacing(0.372 nm),and increased number of folds than in CNS derived from the other three precursors.These features give it faster charge/ion transfer,more potassium storage sites and better reaction kinetics.CNS-FCCS has a remarkable K^(+)storage capacity(248.7 mAh g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1)),long cycle lifespan(190.8 mAh g^(-1) after 800 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and excellent rate capability,ranking it among the best materials for this application.This work sheds light on the influence of heavy oil composition on carbon structure and electrochemical performance,and provides guidance for the design and development of advanced heavy oil-derived carbon electrodes for PIBs.
文摘In order to promote agricultural production and trade cooperation among BRICS countries,and ensure the security and stability of the oils and oilseeds industrial and supply chains in China and the world,the production,consumption,trade trend,and cooperation potential of oils and oilseeds in BRICS countries were expounded,and relevant policy recommendations were put forward.Most of the BRICS countries are major agricultural producers,and they are also important agricultural product consumption markets in the world.In 2023/2024,the production and consumption of oilseeds in BRICS countries account for nearly half of the world's total;the production of vegetable oils exceeds a quarter of the world's total,and the consumption of vegetable oils accounts for 40%of the world's total.In 2023/2024,the import and export volume of oilseeds exceeds half of the world's total;vegetable oil imports account for 40%of the world's total,and exports account for about one tenth of the world's total.China's imports of oilseeds and oils from BRICS countries account for 68%and 29%of its global imports in 2023,respectively.BRICS countries are rich in agricultural land resources,have great potential for oils and oilseeds production,obvious complementary advantages in trade structure,and huge space for future cooperation.It is suggested that Brazil should be included in the"Belt and Road"co-construction category to promote the continuous deepening of agricultural cooperation between China and Brazil.It is suggested to explore regional agricultural trade agreements among BRICS countries,promote currency settlement and exchange among BRICS countries,and enhance the facilitation and stability of BRICS trade.It is suggested that China should increase its investment in BRICS countries and export advanced technology and management experience to benefit local agricultural development and achieve a mutually beneficial and win-win situation.
基金Project(41272122)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The oblique transfer zone in the Fushan Sag, a syndepositional dome sandwiched between the Bailian and Huangtong sub-sags, has been the most important exploration target. The major oil observation occurs in the E_2l_1^(L+M) and the E_2l_3~U. 46 oil and rock samples reveal that the oil in the transfer zone is mostly contributed by the Bailian sub-sag, though the source rock conditions, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion histories of the Bailian and Huangtong sub-sags are similar. The E_2l_3~U oil, characterized by high maturity, Pr/Ph ratio and oleanane/C_(30)-hopane ratio, shows a close genetic affinity with the E_2l_3~b source rocks, while the E_2l_1^(L+M) oil, characterized by lower maturity, Pr/Ph ratio and oleanane/C_(30)-hopane ratio, is suggested to be derived from the E_2l_(1+2)~b source rocks. The homogenization temperatures of aqueous fluid inclusions, taking the burial history of the reservoirs into account, reflect that the oil charge mainly occurred from mid-Miocene to Pliocene in the oblique transfer zone. The oil transporting passages include connected sand bodies, unconformities and faults in the Fushan Sag. Of these, the faults are the most complicated and significant. The faults differ sharply in the west area, the east area and the oblique transfer zone, resulting in different influence on the oil migration and accumulation. During the main hydrocarbon charge stage, the faults in the west area are characterized by bad vertical sealing and spatially dense distribution. As a result, the oil generated by the Huangtong source rocks is mostly lost along the faults during the vertical migration in the west area. This can be the mechanism proposed to explain the little contribution of the Huangtong source rocks to the oil in the oblique transfer zone. Eventually, an oil migration and accumulation model is built in the oblique transfer zone, which may provide theoretical and practical guides for the oil exploration.
基金Projects(41330641,41272311,41202192)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BK2010060)supported by the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China
文摘Engineering property of kaolin clay contaminated by diesel oil was studied through a series of laboratory experiments.Oil contents(mass fraction) of 4%,8%,12%,16% and 20% were selected to represent different contamination degrees,and the soil specimens were manually prepared through mixing and static compaction method.Initial water content and dry density of the test kaolin clay were controlled at 10% and 1.58 g/cm^3,respectively.Test results indicate that since part of the diesel oil will be released from soil by evaporation,the real water content should be derived through calibration of the quasi water content obtained by traditional test method.As contamination degree of the kaolin clay increases,both liquid limit and plastic limit decrease,but there's only a slight increase for plasticity index.Swelling pressure of contaminated kaolin clay under confined condition will be lowered when oil-content gets higher.Unconfined compressive strength(UCS) of the oil-contaminated kaolin clay is influenced by not only oil content but also curing period.Increase of contamination degree will continually lower UCS of the kaolin clay specimen.In addition,electrical resistivity of the contaminated kaolin clay with given water content decreases with the increase of oil content.However,soil resistivity is in good relationship with oil content and UCS.Finally,oil content of 8% is found to be a critical value for engineering property of kaolin clay to transit from water-dominated towards oil-dominated characteristics.
基金Project(KFJJ-TZ-2019-3)supported by the Open Project of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Stimulation Technology for Oil&Gas Reservoirs,ChinaProjects(51504275,51974344)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Water alternating gas(WAG)injection is a widely used strategy for enhancing oil recovery(EOR)during gas flooding,and the mechanisms,operating parameters,and influencing factors of which have been extensively studied.However,with respect to its capacity in expanding macroscopic sweep volume under varying heterogeneities,the related results appear inadequate.In this research,three cores with different heterogeneities were used and flooded by the joint water and CO_(2) WAG,then the effects of heterogeneity on oil recovery were determined.More importantly,the cores after CO_(2) WAG injection were investigated using the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technique for remaining oil distribution research,which could help us to understand the capacity of CO_(2) WAG in enlarging sweep volume at different heterogeneities.The results show that the presence of heterogeneity may largely weaken the effectiveness of water flooding,the more severe the heterogeneity,the worse the water flooding.The WAG injection of CO_(2) performs well in EOR after water flooding for all the cores with different heterogeneities;however,it could barely form a complete or full sweep throughout the low-permeability region,and un-swept bypassed regions remain.The homogeneous core is better developed by the injection of the joint water and CO_(2) WAG than the heterogeneous and fractured cases.
基金Project(51405010)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011BAG09B00)supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China
文摘For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.
文摘Soybean is generally recognized as a source of edible and the deoiled meal is seen as a source of protein in animal feed.In recent years.However,more interest has been directed toward using soy meal as a protein souce for human consumption.Extrusion expelling of soybean provides an opportunity in this direction.The main focus of this study was to maximize the oil recovery from extruded soybean processed using three different kinds of extrudates and processing conditions.These extruded samples were later pressed uniaxially in a specifically designed test cell and the oil recovery was recorded over time.The effects of process variables,including applied pressure,pressing temperature and sample height,were investigated.Results indicated that over90% of the available oil could be recovered from pressing of extruded soy samples.The information generated is likedly to be useful in interpreting the effect of precess variables and extruding equipment for pretreatment of soybean for subsequent mechanical oil expression.
基金Project(2007BAA09B05)supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(50804004)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to solve the failure of fuel system when using petroleum coke oil slurry (PCOS) in a R180 diesel engine directly,a petroleum coke oil slurry fuel system (PCOSFS) was developed and installed in R180 engine,which was called PCOS engine.In order to analyze performances and emissions of the PCOS engine,a comparative experiment between PCOS engine fueled with PCOS and R180 engine fueled with diesel oil was carried out.The results show that the PCOS engine can run smoothly,the maximum output power decreases by about 6.2% and 19.0% and the maximum brake thermal efficiency reduces by around 5.85% and 4.13% as compared to R180 engine under the conditions of 1 200 and 1 600 r/min.The HC emissions of PCOS engine are lower than those of R180 engine at 1 200 r/min,and are close to those of R180 engine at 1 600 r/min.The CO emissions are similar to R180 engine at 1 200 and 1 600 r/min.The smoke intensity is close to R180 engine at 1 200 r/min,and is higher than R180 engine at 1 600 r/min.The particles emitted from PCOS engine array sparsely,but particles emitted from R180 engine array closely,cohering together.
基金Projects(40272108,41402208)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(ZR2012DL05,ZR2015EL044)supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+1 种基金Project(4072-114017)supported by Young Teachers’ Development of Shandong University of Technology,ChinaProject(J12LC51)supported by Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program,China
文摘The effects of soil texture, initial water content and bulk density on diesel oil infiltration in fine sand and silty clay loam materials were evaluated. Three physical and two empirical equations express diesel oil infiltration through soils with time, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.99. Diesel oil infiltrates more quickly in the fine sand than in the silty clay loam material. Diesel oil infiltration rates are found to decrease with increasing initial water content and bulk density for the silty clay loam material. The infiltration rate of diesel oil in the fine sand material increases slightly with increasing initial water content. The diesel oil saturated conductivity(Kdiesel) decreases with increasing bulk density for the silty clay loam column. Diesel oil sorptivity(S) decreases linearly with increased initial water content and bulk density of the silty clay loam material. Changes in empirical parameters relative to initial water content and bulk density are similar to the parameter S.
文摘It's not easy for traditional standards such as STEP to describe product information in a semantic way, andthese limitations result in difficulties in knowledge-based product information integration. In addition, contemporarycomputing environment needs a Web-based language to describe product information, while STEP standard and itsEXPRESS language have no such features however. The development of Semantic Web is making itself be an impor-tant method to facilitate the knowledge-based information integration. This paper presents a new semantic Web lan-guage, DAML+OIL, and tries to use it to describe product information. It is proved that using DAML+OIL to de-scribe product information is quite a feasible way.
文摘Nano-copper used as lubrication oil additive has good tribological property and active self-repairing effect for friction pairs. The reduction in liquid phase for preparing nano-additive is one of the most common method. Nano-copper was prepared by reduction in liquid phase. The different project and routine practice for preparing nano-copper were researched. The dispersion problem of nano-copper was investigated by surface treatment and high dispersion. The particles dimension, the dispersion stability and the purity of nano-copper were characterized by TEM and XRD. The conclusion indicates that the methods of the preparation and dispersion can obtain 20nm copper additive with good dispersion property in lubrication oil.
基金Project(2016RS2016) supported by Provincial Science and Technology Leader Program,Hunan,ChinaProject(2017zzts807) supported by Postgraduate Innovative Research Projects of Central South University,China
文摘The composition of a collector directly affects its collecting performance in mineral flotation.In this study,three vegetable oils were used as the collectors,the flotation performance of scheelite and the differential analysis were studied through flotation experiments,zeta potential,contact angle measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR)analysis.Flotation results show that the recovery of scheelite increases in the order of oleic acid<rapeseed oil<rice bran oil<soybean oil,especially in the pH range of 5-8.The distinction in the scheelite recovery is due to the different compositions of these collectors.The addition of LA,LNA and PA(<5%)can increase the recovery of scheelite with OA,but the addition of SA deteriorates the scheelite flotation.Results of zeta potential,contact angle measurement and FTIR analysis indicate that the collector adsorption on scheelite surface is enhanced when using the three vegetable oils.For the raw ore with 0.086%WO3,a rough concentrate containing 1.423%WO3 with the recovery of 84.22%is obtained using soybean oil as the collector.
文摘Through using mineral oil and synthetic oil to deploy the semisynthesis base oil, modifying the surfaces of ultrafine tungsten disulfide grains by surface chemical embellishment and adsorption embellishment to make them suspended steadily in the base oil as solid lubricating additive, and adding some function additives, the tungsten disulfide motor oil was prepared. The tribological characteristics of this kind motor oil and the well-known motor oils in our country and overseas were studied. The results show that the oil film strength of this kind of motor oil is respectively 1.06 and 1.38 times of that of shell helix ultra motor oil and great wall motor oil, and its sintering load is 1.75 and 2.33 times of that of them, and when tested under 392 N, 1 450 r/rain and 30 min, the friction coefficients of friction pairs lubricated by the tungsten disulfide motor oil decrease with the increase of time, meanwhile, the diameter of worn spot is small, and the surface of worn spot is smooth, and no obvious furrows appear. The experiments indicate that the tungsten disulfide motor oil has the better antiwear, antifriction and extreme pressure properties than the well-known motor oils.
