Network innovation and business transformation are both necessary for telecom operators to adapt to new situations, but operators face challenges in terms of network bearer complexity, business centralization, and IT/...Network innovation and business transformation are both necessary for telecom operators to adapt to new situations, but operators face challenges in terms of network bearer complexity, business centralization, and IT/CT integration. Network function virtualization （NFV） may inspire new development ideas, but many doubts still exist within industry, especially about how to introduce NFV into an operator＇ s network. This article describes the latest progress in NFV standardization, NFV requirements and hot technology issues, and typical NFV applications in an operator networks.展开更多
Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The s...Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The same concept has recently resurfaced under the guise of cloud computing and virtualized computing.Although cloud computing was originally used in IT for server virtualization,the ICT industry is taking a new look at virtualization.This paradigm shift is shaking up the computing,storage,networking,and ser vice industries.The hope is that virtualizing and automating configuration and service management/orchestration will save both capes and opex for network transformation.A complimentary trend is the separation（over an open interface）of control and transmission.This is commonly referred to as software defined networking（SDN）.This paper reviews trends in network/service functions,efforts to standardize these functions,and required management and orchestration.展开更多
With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)sat...With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)satellite networks.While due to the scarcity of bandwidth resources and dynamic topology of LEO satellites,the static SFC placement schemes may cause performance degradation,resource waste and even service failure.In this paper,we consider migration and establish an online migration model,especially considering the dynamic topology.Given the scarcity of bandwidth resources,the model aims to maximize the total number of accepted SFCs while incurring as little bandwidth cost of SFC transmission and migration as possible.Due to its NP-hardness,we propose a heuristic minimized dynamic SFC migration(MDSM)algorithm that only triggers the migration procedure when new SFCs are rejected.Simulation results demonstrate that MDSM achieves a performance close to the upper bound with lower complexity.展开更多
软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)已经成为新一代网络体系结构的新范式。SDN和NFV可以有效地提高部署和管理服务功能链(Service Function Chains,SFCs)的灵活性。文...软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)已经成为新一代网络体系结构的新范式。SDN和NFV可以有效地提高部署和管理服务功能链(Service Function Chains,SFCs)的灵活性。文中融合SDN和NFV,并应用到网络切片的资源优化中,为未来的5G三大业务场景实现定制服务的有效部署,提出了一种基于SDN和NFV的网络切片资源优化算法。首先针对5G uRLLC,eMBB,mMTC三大应用场景的不同业务需求,将底层的物理节点按照功能类型划分为三个虚拟子网的节点集合。然后根据不同应用场景的不同服务功能链的要求,分别对每一类的网络切片进行建模,形成混合整数线性规划的基于SDN和NFV的网络切片的数学模型,并提出了基于拉格朗日对偶分解的算法,将网络切片的数学模型转换为节点和链路的子问题,再对分解的子问题进行映射方案的求解。仿真结果表明,与以往算法相比,文中提出的算法在资源利用率、接受率、平均执行时间方面具有更好性能。展开更多
随着虚拟化技术的出现,网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)和软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking,SDN)技术使网络功能从硬件中抽象出来并可运行在虚拟机上,将虚拟网络功能映射部署到物理网络上,为用户提供定...随着虚拟化技术的出现,网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)和软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking,SDN)技术使网络功能从硬件中抽象出来并可运行在虚拟机上,将虚拟网络功能映射部署到物理网络上,为用户提供定制化服务。服务功能链(Service Function Chaining,SFC)由一组虚拟网络功能组成,目前其部署的一个关键问题是如何在保证为用户提供相应服务的同时降低网络资源消耗和负载压力。为此,首先介绍了一种可用于服务功能链编排的NFV架构,并对基于SRv6技术的SFC编排过程进行说明;然后提出了一种有效的SFC动态编排算法——第一步使用广度优先搜索遍历网络并找到部署服务链的最短物理路径,第二步使用蚁群优化算法生成最优部署方案。仿真结果表明,该方案能够有效减轻网络负载,同时平均降低端到端延迟22%,减少带宽资源消耗18%,优化部署成功率23%。展开更多
Due to 5G's stringent and uncertainty traffic requirements,open ecosystem would be one inevitable way to develop 5G.On the other hand,GPP based mobile communication becomes appealing recently attributed to its str...Due to 5G's stringent and uncertainty traffic requirements,open ecosystem would be one inevitable way to develop 5G.On the other hand,GPP based mobile communication becomes appealing recently attributed to its striking advantage in flexibility and re-configurability.In this paper,both the advantages and challenges of GPP platform are detailed analyzed.Furthermore,both GPP based software and hardware architectures for open 5G are presented and the performances of real-time signal processing and power consumption are also evaluated.The evaluation results indicate that turbo and power consumption may be another challengeable problem should be further solved to meet the requirements of realistic deployments.展开更多
在软件定义网络中,通过网络功能虚拟化(network function virtualization,NFV)可以有效地优化中间盒的部署以及数据包的路由,但是受中间盒之间存在的依赖关系约束,不适当的部署策略会为运营商带来额外的路由成本,降低资源利用率。为此,...在软件定义网络中,通过网络功能虚拟化(network function virtualization,NFV)可以有效地优化中间盒的部署以及数据包的路由,但是受中间盒之间存在的依赖关系约束,不适当的部署策略会为运营商带来额外的路由成本,降低资源利用率。为此,文章建立混合整数线性规划模型,提出一种服务链感知精准算法用于计算受中间盒依赖关系以及链路带宽约束的最小路由成本。该算法首先基于中间盒的依赖关系构造有向层级图,然后从该层级图中的源点到终点之间的最短路径中筛选出满足带宽要求的链路作为数据包的路由。仿真实验结果表明,该算法可以快速获取最优解,具有较好的应用前景。展开更多
以软件为中心的网络虚拟化解决了物理网络面临的诸多困境,是一种全新的网络部署模式。网络功能虚拟化(Network Function virtualization,NFV)和软件定义网络(Software Defining Network,SDN)是网络虚拟化最重要的两个核心要素,它们高度...以软件为中心的网络虚拟化解决了物理网络面临的诸多困境,是一种全新的网络部署模式。网络功能虚拟化(Network Function virtualization,NFV)和软件定义网络(Software Defining Network,SDN)是网络虚拟化最重要的两个核心要素,它们高度融合、相互配合,构建起高效的虚拟网络架构。广播电视网络紧跟技术发展的潮流,在一些关键领域运用网络虚拟化,有效提高了行业的服务水平。对此,详细介绍网络虚拟化体系的市场需求、核心要素、体系结构以及在广电网络的实际应用。展开更多
Due to the development of network technology,the number of users is increasing rapidly,and the demand for emerging multicast services is becoming more and more abundant,traffic data is increasing day by day,network no...Due to the development of network technology,the number of users is increasing rapidly,and the demand for emerging multicast services is becoming more and more abundant,traffic data is increasing day by day,network nodes are becoming denser,network topology is becoming more complex,and operators’equipment operation and maintenance costs are increasing.Network functions virtualization multicast issues include building a traffic forwarding topology,deploying the required functions,and directing traffic.Combining the two is still a problem to be studied in depth at present,and this paper proposes a two-stage solution where the decisions of these two stages are interdependent.Specifically,this paper decouples multicast traffic forwarding and function delivery.The minimum spanning tree of traffic forwarding is constructed by Steiner tree,and the traffic forwarding is realized by Viterbi-algorithm.Use a general topology network to examine network cost and service performance.Simulation results show that this method can reduce overhead and delay and optimize user experience.展开更多
文摘Network innovation and business transformation are both necessary for telecom operators to adapt to new situations, but operators face challenges in terms of network bearer complexity, business centralization, and IT/CT integration. Network function virtualization （NFV） may inspire new development ideas, but many doubts still exist within industry, especially about how to introduce NFV into an operator＇ s network. This article describes the latest progress in NFV standardization, NFV requirements and hot technology issues, and typical NFV applications in an operator networks.
文摘Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The same concept has recently resurfaced under the guise of cloud computing and virtualized computing.Although cloud computing was originally used in IT for server virtualization,the ICT industry is taking a new look at virtualization.This paradigm shift is shaking up the computing,storage,networking,and ser vice industries.The hope is that virtualizing and automating configuration and service management/orchestration will save both capes and opex for network transformation.A complimentary trend is the separation（over an open interface）of control and transmission.This is commonly referred to as software defined networking（SDN）.This paper reviews trends in network/service functions,efforts to standardize these functions,and required management and orchestration.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant numbers U22A2007 and 62171010the Open project of Satellite Internet Key Laboratory in 2022(Project 3:Research on Spaceborne Lightweight Core Network and Intelligent Collaboration)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under grant number L212003.
文摘With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)satellite networks.While due to the scarcity of bandwidth resources and dynamic topology of LEO satellites,the static SFC placement schemes may cause performance degradation,resource waste and even service failure.In this paper,we consider migration and establish an online migration model,especially considering the dynamic topology.Given the scarcity of bandwidth resources,the model aims to maximize the total number of accepted SFCs while incurring as little bandwidth cost of SFC transmission and migration as possible.Due to its NP-hardness,we propose a heuristic minimized dynamic SFC migration(MDSM)algorithm that only triggers the migration procedure when new SFCs are rejected.Simulation results demonstrate that MDSM achieves a performance close to the upper bound with lower complexity.
文摘软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)已经成为新一代网络体系结构的新范式。SDN和NFV可以有效地提高部署和管理服务功能链(Service Function Chains,SFCs)的灵活性。文中融合SDN和NFV,并应用到网络切片的资源优化中,为未来的5G三大业务场景实现定制服务的有效部署,提出了一种基于SDN和NFV的网络切片资源优化算法。首先针对5G uRLLC,eMBB,mMTC三大应用场景的不同业务需求,将底层的物理节点按照功能类型划分为三个虚拟子网的节点集合。然后根据不同应用场景的不同服务功能链的要求,分别对每一类的网络切片进行建模,形成混合整数线性规划的基于SDN和NFV的网络切片的数学模型,并提出了基于拉格朗日对偶分解的算法,将网络切片的数学模型转换为节点和链路的子问题,再对分解的子问题进行映射方案的求解。仿真结果表明,与以往算法相比,文中提出的算法在资源利用率、接受率、平均执行时间方面具有更好性能。
文摘随着虚拟化技术的出现,网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)和软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking,SDN)技术使网络功能从硬件中抽象出来并可运行在虚拟机上,将虚拟网络功能映射部署到物理网络上,为用户提供定制化服务。服务功能链(Service Function Chaining,SFC)由一组虚拟网络功能组成,目前其部署的一个关键问题是如何在保证为用户提供相应服务的同时降低网络资源消耗和负载压力。为此,首先介绍了一种可用于服务功能链编排的NFV架构,并对基于SRv6技术的SFC编排过程进行说明;然后提出了一种有效的SFC动态编排算法——第一步使用广度优先搜索遍历网络并找到部署服务链的最短物理路径,第二步使用蚁群优化算法生成最优部署方案。仿真结果表明,该方案能够有效减轻网络负载,同时平均降低端到端延迟22%,减少带宽资源消耗18%,优化部署成功率23%。
基金funded in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant NO.61471347)National S&T Mayor Project of the Ministry of S&T of China(grant NO.2016ZX03001020-003)+1 种基金key program for international S&T Cooperation Program of China(grant NO.2014DFA11640)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(grant NO.16ZR1435100)
文摘Due to 5G's stringent and uncertainty traffic requirements,open ecosystem would be one inevitable way to develop 5G.On the other hand,GPP based mobile communication becomes appealing recently attributed to its striking advantage in flexibility and re-configurability.In this paper,both the advantages and challenges of GPP platform are detailed analyzed.Furthermore,both GPP based software and hardware architectures for open 5G are presented and the performances of real-time signal processing and power consumption are also evaluated.The evaluation results indicate that turbo and power consumption may be another challengeable problem should be further solved to meet the requirements of realistic deployments.
文摘在软件定义网络中,通过网络功能虚拟化(network function virtualization,NFV)可以有效地优化中间盒的部署以及数据包的路由,但是受中间盒之间存在的依赖关系约束,不适当的部署策略会为运营商带来额外的路由成本,降低资源利用率。为此,文章建立混合整数线性规划模型,提出一种服务链感知精准算法用于计算受中间盒依赖关系以及链路带宽约束的最小路由成本。该算法首先基于中间盒的依赖关系构造有向层级图,然后从该层级图中的源点到终点之间的最短路径中筛选出满足带宽要求的链路作为数据包的路由。仿真实验结果表明,该算法可以快速获取最优解,具有较好的应用前景。
文摘以软件为中心的网络虚拟化解决了物理网络面临的诸多困境,是一种全新的网络部署模式。网络功能虚拟化(Network Function virtualization,NFV)和软件定义网络(Software Defining Network,SDN)是网络虚拟化最重要的两个核心要素,它们高度融合、相互配合,构建起高效的虚拟网络架构。广播电视网络紧跟技术发展的潮流,在一些关键领域运用网络虚拟化,有效提高了行业的服务水平。对此,详细介绍网络虚拟化体系的市场需求、核心要素、体系结构以及在广电网络的实际应用。
基金supported by the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(Nos.KM202110858003 and2022X003-KXD)。
文摘Due to the development of network technology,the number of users is increasing rapidly,and the demand for emerging multicast services is becoming more and more abundant,traffic data is increasing day by day,network nodes are becoming denser,network topology is becoming more complex,and operators’equipment operation and maintenance costs are increasing.Network functions virtualization multicast issues include building a traffic forwarding topology,deploying the required functions,and directing traffic.Combining the two is still a problem to be studied in depth at present,and this paper proposes a two-stage solution where the decisions of these two stages are interdependent.Specifically,this paper decouples multicast traffic forwarding and function delivery.The minimum spanning tree of traffic forwarding is constructed by Steiner tree,and the traffic forwarding is realized by Viterbi-algorithm.Use a general topology network to examine network cost and service performance.Simulation results show that this method can reduce overhead and delay and optimize user experience.
