In optical metro-access networks,Access Points(APs)and Data Centers(DCs)are located on the fiber ring.In the cloud-centric solution,a large number of Internet of Things(IoT)data pose an enormous burden on DCs,so the V...In optical metro-access networks,Access Points(APs)and Data Centers(DCs)are located on the fiber ring.In the cloud-centric solution,a large number of Internet of Things(IoT)data pose an enormous burden on DCs,so the Virtual Machines(VMs)cannot be successfully launched due to the server overload.In addition,transferring the data from the AP to the remote DC may cause an undesirable delivery delay.For this end,we propose a promising solution considering the interplay between the cloud DC and edge APs.More specifically,bringing the partial capability of computing in APs close to things can reduce the pressure of DCs while guaranteeing the expected Quality of Service(QoS).In this work,when the cloud DC resource becomes limited,especially for delay sensitive but not computing-dependent IoT applications,we degrade their VMs and migrate them to edge APs instead of the remote DC.To avoid excessive VM degradation and computing offloading,we derive appropriate VM degradation coefficients based on classic microeconomic theory.Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithms improve the service providers'utility with the ratio from 34%to 89%over traditional cloud-centric solutions.展开更多
Network Functions Virtualization(NFV) is an attempt to help operators more effectively manage their networks by implementing traditional network functions embedded in specialized hardware platforms in term of virtuali...Network Functions Virtualization(NFV) is an attempt to help operators more effectively manage their networks by implementing traditional network functions embedded in specialized hardware platforms in term of virtualized software instances. But, existing novel network appliances designed for NFV infrastructure are always architected on a general-purpose x86 server, which makes the performance of network functions limited by the hosted single server. To address this challenge, we propose ApplianceB ricks, a novel NFV-enable network appliance architecture that is used to explore the way of consolidating multiple physical network functions into a clustered network appliance, which is able to improve the processing capability of NFV-enabled network appliances.展开更多
As a promising technology to completely transform how we architect, deploy, operate and manage various networks, software-based Network Function Virtualization(NFV) enables hardware-independent, flexible, fast and eff...As a promising technology to completely transform how we architect, deploy, operate and manage various networks, software-based Network Function Virtualization(NFV) enables hardware-independent, flexible, fast and efficient network service provision. With the increasing popularity of NFV paradigm, the Internet has also transformed to be a hybrid environment where NFV-based network entities coexist with traditional network devices. To facilitate our understanding, design, evaluate and manage of such novel network environment, there is a great need for a new NFV-compatible network measurement system which is still in absent so far. To bridge this gap, a system, named Software Defined Network Measurement System(SDNMS), is presented in this paper. Firstly, the architecture of SDNMS is proposed. In this architecture, a formal method to describe the working mode of the network measurement is defined. This method can also be utilized to generate a network measurement middle box(NMMB) in a specific location of the NFV network according to the customized description file, and to flexibly deploy the network measurement function. Secondly, the technology of virtual network measurement function(VNMF) combined with LXC is studied to form NMMB function. Thirdly, a control method is presented to control the start, stop, and update NMMB to form a specific network measurement system function. Finally, a prototype of SDNMS with network monitoring function to monitor network performance anomalies and locate faults is introduced. Experimental results have shown that SDNMS architecture and related technologies are feasible and effective to deploy and control network measurement functions in NFV networks. We hope SDNMS could provide a new method for practitioners to conduct network management and research at the age of NFV.展开更多
To address the issues that middleboxes as a fundamental part of today's networks are facing, Network Function Virtualization(NFV)has been recently proposed, which in essence asserts to migrate hardware-based middl...To address the issues that middleboxes as a fundamental part of today's networks are facing, Network Function Virtualization(NFV)has been recently proposed, which in essence asserts to migrate hardware-based middleboxes into software-based virtualized function entities.Due to the demands of virtual services placement in NFV network environment, this paper models the service amount placement problem involving with the resources allocation as a cooperative game and proposes the placement policy by Nash Bargaining Solution(NBS). Specifically,we first introduce the system overview and apply the rigorous cooperative game-theoretic guide to build the mathematical model, which can give consideration to both the responding efficiency of service requirements and the allocation fairness.Then a distributed algorithm corresponding to NBS is designed to achieve predictable network performance for virtual instances placement.Finally, with simulations under various scenarios,the results show that our placement approach can achieve high utilization of network through the analysis of evaluation metrics namely the satisfaction degree and fairness index. With the suitable demand amount of services, the average values of two metrics can reach above 90%. And by tuning the base placement, our solution can enable operators to flexibly balance the tradeoff between satisfaction and fairness of resourcessharing in service platforms.展开更多
Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The s...Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The same concept has recently resurfaced under the guise of cloud computing and virtualized computing.Although cloud computing was originally used in IT for server virtualization,the ICT industry is taking a new look at virtualization.This paradigm shift is shaking up the computing,storage,networking,and ser vice industries.The hope is that virtualizing and automating configuration and service management/orchestration will save both capes and opex for network transformation.A complimentary trend is the separation（over an open interface）of control and transmission.This is commonly referred to as software defined networking（SDN）.This paper reviews trends in network/service functions,efforts to standardize these functions,and required management and orchestration.展开更多
Network innovation and business transformation are both necessary for telecom operators to adapt to new situations, but operators face challenges in terms of network bearer complexity, business centralization, and IT/...Network innovation and business transformation are both necessary for telecom operators to adapt to new situations, but operators face challenges in terms of network bearer complexity, business centralization, and IT/CT integration. Network function virtualization （NFV） may inspire new development ideas, but many doubts still exist within industry, especially about how to introduce NFV into an operator＇ s network. This article describes the latest progress in NFV standardization, NFV requirements and hot technology issues, and typical NFV applications in an operator networks.展开更多
With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)sat...With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)satellite networks.While due to the scarcity of bandwidth resources and dynamic topology of LEO satellites,the static SFC placement schemes may cause performance degradation,resource waste and even service failure.In this paper,we consider migration and establish an online migration model,especially considering the dynamic topology.Given the scarcity of bandwidth resources,the model aims to maximize the total number of accepted SFCs while incurring as little bandwidth cost of SFC transmission and migration as possible.Due to its NP-hardness,we propose a heuristic minimized dynamic SFC migration(MDSM)algorithm that only triggers the migration procedure when new SFCs are rejected.Simulation results demonstrate that MDSM achieves a performance close to the upper bound with lower complexity.展开更多
软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)已经成为新一代网络体系结构的新范式。SDN和NFV可以有效地提高部署和管理服务功能链(Service Function Chains,SFCs)的灵活性。文...软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)已经成为新一代网络体系结构的新范式。SDN和NFV可以有效地提高部署和管理服务功能链(Service Function Chains,SFCs)的灵活性。文中融合SDN和NFV,并应用到网络切片的资源优化中,为未来的5G三大业务场景实现定制服务的有效部署,提出了一种基于SDN和NFV的网络切片资源优化算法。首先针对5G uRLLC,eMBB,mMTC三大应用场景的不同业务需求,将底层的物理节点按照功能类型划分为三个虚拟子网的节点集合。然后根据不同应用场景的不同服务功能链的要求,分别对每一类的网络切片进行建模,形成混合整数线性规划的基于SDN和NFV的网络切片的数学模型,并提出了基于拉格朗日对偶分解的算法,将网络切片的数学模型转换为节点和链路的子问题,再对分解的子问题进行映射方案的求解。仿真结果表明,与以往算法相比,文中提出的算法在资源利用率、接受率、平均执行时间方面具有更好性能。展开更多
基金supported by the Researchers Supporting Project of King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia,under Project RSPD2025R681。
文摘In optical metro-access networks,Access Points(APs)and Data Centers(DCs)are located on the fiber ring.In the cloud-centric solution,a large number of Internet of Things(IoT)data pose an enormous burden on DCs,so the Virtual Machines(VMs)cannot be successfully launched due to the server overload.In addition,transferring the data from the AP to the remote DC may cause an undesirable delivery delay.For this end,we propose a promising solution considering the interplay between the cloud DC and edge APs.More specifically,bringing the partial capability of computing in APs close to things can reduce the pressure of DCs while guaranteeing the expected Quality of Service(QoS).In this work,when the cloud DC resource becomes limited,especially for delay sensitive but not computing-dependent IoT applications,we degrade their VMs and migrate them to edge APs instead of the remote DC.To avoid excessive VM degradation and computing offloading,we derive appropriate VM degradation coefficients based on classic microeconomic theory.Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithms improve the service providers'utility with the ratio from 34%to 89%over traditional cloud-centric solutions.
基金supported by Program for National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) "Reconfigurable Network Emulation Testbed for Basic Network Communication"
文摘Network Functions Virtualization(NFV) is an attempt to help operators more effectively manage their networks by implementing traditional network functions embedded in specialized hardware platforms in term of virtualized software instances. But, existing novel network appliances designed for NFV infrastructure are always architected on a general-purpose x86 server, which makes the performance of network functions limited by the hosted single server. To address this challenge, we propose ApplianceB ricks, a novel NFV-enable network appliance architecture that is used to explore the way of consolidating multiple physical network functions into a clustered network appliance, which is able to improve the processing capability of NFV-enabled network appliances.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61772271, 61379149)
文摘As a promising technology to completely transform how we architect, deploy, operate and manage various networks, software-based Network Function Virtualization(NFV) enables hardware-independent, flexible, fast and efficient network service provision. With the increasing popularity of NFV paradigm, the Internet has also transformed to be a hybrid environment where NFV-based network entities coexist with traditional network devices. To facilitate our understanding, design, evaluate and manage of such novel network environment, there is a great need for a new NFV-compatible network measurement system which is still in absent so far. To bridge this gap, a system, named Software Defined Network Measurement System(SDNMS), is presented in this paper. Firstly, the architecture of SDNMS is proposed. In this architecture, a formal method to describe the working mode of the network measurement is defined. This method can also be utilized to generate a network measurement middle box(NMMB) in a specific location of the NFV network according to the customized description file, and to flexibly deploy the network measurement function. Secondly, the technology of virtual network measurement function(VNMF) combined with LXC is studied to form NMMB function. Thirdly, a control method is presented to control the start, stop, and update NMMB to form a specific network measurement system function. Finally, a prototype of SDNMS with network monitoring function to monitor network performance anomalies and locate faults is introduced. Experimental results have shown that SDNMS architecture and related technologies are feasible and effective to deploy and control network measurement functions in NFV networks. We hope SDNMS could provide a new method for practitioners to conduct network management and research at the age of NFV.
基金supported by The National Basic Research Program of China (973) (Grant No. 2012CB315901, 2013CB329104)The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61521003, 61372121, 61309019, 61572519, 61502530)The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863) (Grant No. 2015AA016102)
文摘To address the issues that middleboxes as a fundamental part of today's networks are facing, Network Function Virtualization(NFV)has been recently proposed, which in essence asserts to migrate hardware-based middleboxes into software-based virtualized function entities.Due to the demands of virtual services placement in NFV network environment, this paper models the service amount placement problem involving with the resources allocation as a cooperative game and proposes the placement policy by Nash Bargaining Solution(NBS). Specifically,we first introduce the system overview and apply the rigorous cooperative game-theoretic guide to build the mathematical model, which can give consideration to both the responding efficiency of service requirements and the allocation fairness.Then a distributed algorithm corresponding to NBS is designed to achieve predictable network performance for virtual instances placement.Finally, with simulations under various scenarios,the results show that our placement approach can achieve high utilization of network through the analysis of evaluation metrics namely the satisfaction degree and fairness index. With the suitable demand amount of services, the average values of two metrics can reach above 90%. And by tuning the base placement, our solution can enable operators to flexibly balance the tradeoff between satisfaction and fairness of resourcessharing in service platforms.
文摘Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The same concept has recently resurfaced under the guise of cloud computing and virtualized computing.Although cloud computing was originally used in IT for server virtualization,the ICT industry is taking a new look at virtualization.This paradigm shift is shaking up the computing,storage,networking,and ser vice industries.The hope is that virtualizing and automating configuration and service management/orchestration will save both capes and opex for network transformation.A complimentary trend is the separation（over an open interface）of control and transmission.This is commonly referred to as software defined networking（SDN）.This paper reviews trends in network/service functions,efforts to standardize these functions,and required management and orchestration.
文摘Network innovation and business transformation are both necessary for telecom operators to adapt to new situations, but operators face challenges in terms of network bearer complexity, business centralization, and IT/CT integration. Network function virtualization （NFV） may inspire new development ideas, but many doubts still exist within industry, especially about how to introduce NFV into an operator＇ s network. This article describes the latest progress in NFV standardization, NFV requirements and hot technology issues, and typical NFV applications in an operator networks.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant numbers U22A2007 and 62171010the Open project of Satellite Internet Key Laboratory in 2022(Project 3:Research on Spaceborne Lightweight Core Network and Intelligent Collaboration)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under grant number L212003.
文摘With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)satellite networks.While due to the scarcity of bandwidth resources and dynamic topology of LEO satellites,the static SFC placement schemes may cause performance degradation,resource waste and even service failure.In this paper,we consider migration and establish an online migration model,especially considering the dynamic topology.Given the scarcity of bandwidth resources,the model aims to maximize the total number of accepted SFCs while incurring as little bandwidth cost of SFC transmission and migration as possible.Due to its NP-hardness,we propose a heuristic minimized dynamic SFC migration(MDSM)algorithm that only triggers the migration procedure when new SFCs are rejected.Simulation results demonstrate that MDSM achieves a performance close to the upper bound with lower complexity.
文摘软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization,NFV)已经成为新一代网络体系结构的新范式。SDN和NFV可以有效地提高部署和管理服务功能链(Service Function Chains,SFCs)的灵活性。文中融合SDN和NFV,并应用到网络切片的资源优化中,为未来的5G三大业务场景实现定制服务的有效部署,提出了一种基于SDN和NFV的网络切片资源优化算法。首先针对5G uRLLC,eMBB,mMTC三大应用场景的不同业务需求,将底层的物理节点按照功能类型划分为三个虚拟子网的节点集合。然后根据不同应用场景的不同服务功能链的要求,分别对每一类的网络切片进行建模,形成混合整数线性规划的基于SDN和NFV的网络切片的数学模型,并提出了基于拉格朗日对偶分解的算法,将网络切片的数学模型转换为节点和链路的子问题,再对分解的子问题进行映射方案的求解。仿真结果表明,与以往算法相比,文中提出的算法在资源利用率、接受率、平均执行时间方面具有更好性能。
