BACKGROUND:Over the past two decades,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has evolved from a hospital-associated infection to a significant public health threat in the community,causing outbreaks of soft ...BACKGROUND:Over the past two decades,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has evolved from a hospital-associated infection to a significant public health threat in the community,causing outbreaks of soft tissue infections in otherwise healthy individuals.The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal MRSA colonization in low acuity Emergency Department(ED) Fast Track patients in order to better characterize the epidemiology of this pathogen.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of adult patients from our ED Fast Track.Nasal swabs were analyzed for MRSA using a polymerase chain reaction assay.Study participants completed a survey assessing traditional risk factors for CA-MRSA colonization.RESULTS:A total of 106 ED Fast Track patients were tested.Four(3.8%,95%CI 1.5%-9.3%)were MRSA positive.Three traditional CA-MRSA risk factors(personal history of abscess,family history of abscess,and participation in contact sports) were examined.In patients with a positive MRSA nasal swab,only a personal prior history of abscess retained significance(OR 33,95%C11.7-676,P=0.02).CONCLUSION:This study found a higher prevalence of nasal MRSA colonization in low acuity ED Fast Track patients compared with historical community surveillance studies.A personal history of prior abscess was a significant risk for CA-MRSA carriage.展开更多
目的:分析医院2012-2021年住院病区甲氧西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)的检出率与抗菌药物使用强度(antibiotics use density,AUD)的相关性,为临床细菌耐药的防控和抗菌药物的合理使用提...目的:分析医院2012-2021年住院病区甲氧西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)的检出率与抗菌药物使用强度(antibiotics use density,AUD)的相关性,为临床细菌耐药的防控和抗菌药物的合理使用提供参考。方法:选取2012年1月-2021年12月玉林市第一人民医院病区送检标本的病原学结果和抗菌药物的使用数据作为研究资料,统计革兰阳性菌及其中金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,SA)的检出数据和SA对各种抗菌药物的耐药率,计算历年各抗菌药物的AUD,分析MRSA的检出率与AUD的相关性。结果:2012-2021年,医院住院病区革兰阳性菌中SA的检出率从26.70%升至50.70%,变化显著(P<0.01);而SA中MRSA的检出率在38.20%至57.04%之间浮动,平均检出率为48.27%;药敏结果显示,SA对环丙沙星、复方磺胺甲噁唑、红霉素、克林霉素、四环素、庆大霉素的耐药率呈逐年下降之势,并且变化显著(P<0.01),此外SA对万古霉素、利奈唑胺的耐药率始终为0.00%;2012-2021年,青霉素、头孢唑林、红霉素、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星和总喹诺酮类药物的AUD均呈下降趋势(P<0.05),而氨苄西林-舒巴坦钠、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦钠、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素和莫西沙星的AUD呈升高趋势(P<0.05);相关性分析显示,MRSA的检出率与青霉素、头孢呋辛、红霉素、阿奇霉素、左氧氟沙星、总喹诺酮类的AUD呈正相关(P<0.05),而与氨苄西林-舒巴坦钠、环丙沙星、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素的AUD呈负相关(P<0.05);线性回归分析结果显示,MRSA的检出率与阿奇霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、总喹诺酮类药物的AUD相关性的确定系数R2均大于0.7,具有临床意义。结论:医院MRSA的检出率常年维持在较高水平,而其又与阿奇霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、总喹诺酮类药物的使用关系密切,故临床开展抗感染治疗时应适当调整此类高相关性药物的使用习惯,以降低MRSA的产生。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND:Over the past two decades,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has evolved from a hospital-associated infection to a significant public health threat in the community,causing outbreaks of soft tissue infections in otherwise healthy individuals.The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal MRSA colonization in low acuity Emergency Department(ED) Fast Track patients in order to better characterize the epidemiology of this pathogen.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of adult patients from our ED Fast Track.Nasal swabs were analyzed for MRSA using a polymerase chain reaction assay.Study participants completed a survey assessing traditional risk factors for CA-MRSA colonization.RESULTS:A total of 106 ED Fast Track patients were tested.Four(3.8%,95%CI 1.5%-9.3%)were MRSA positive.Three traditional CA-MRSA risk factors(personal history of abscess,family history of abscess,and participation in contact sports) were examined.In patients with a positive MRSA nasal swab,only a personal prior history of abscess retained significance(OR 33,95%C11.7-676,P=0.02).CONCLUSION:This study found a higher prevalence of nasal MRSA colonization in low acuity ED Fast Track patients compared with historical community surveillance studies.A personal history of prior abscess was a significant risk for CA-MRSA carriage.
