Trade credit,as an effective tool for integrating and coordinating material,information,and financial flows in supply chain management,is becoming increasingly widespread.We explore how a manufacturer can design optim...Trade credit,as an effective tool for integrating and coordinating material,information,and financial flows in supply chain management,is becoming increasingly widespread.We explore how a manufacturer can design optimal trade credit contracts when a risk-averse retailer hides its sales cost information(adverse selection)and selling effort level(moral hazard).We develop incentive models for a risk-averse supply chain when adverse selection and moral hazard coexist,which are then compared with the results under single information asymmetry(moral hazard).Moreover,we analyze the effects of private information and risk-aversion coefficient on contract parameters,selling effort level and the profit or utility of the supply chain.The study shows that when the degree of retailer’s risk aversion is within a certain range,reasonable trade credit contracts designed by the manufacturer can effectively induce the retailer to report its real sales cost and encourage it to exert appropriate effort.Furthermore,we find that the optimal trade credit period,optimal transfer payment,and retailer’s optimal sales effort level under dual information asymmetry are less than those under single information asymmetry.Numerical analysis are conducted to demonstrate the effects of the parameters on decisions and profits.展开更多
Moral imagination is the ability that can help individuals overcome constraints of organizational mental models to develop fresh frameworks and to make ethical decisions on the basis of those frameworks.This study aim...Moral imagination is the ability that can help individuals overcome constraints of organizational mental models to develop fresh frameworks and to make ethical decisions on the basis of those frameworks.This study aimed to explore the moderated mediator role of organizational commitment between ethical leadership and moral imagination.Data of 281 employees were collected,and results showed that when the victim of a certain ethical issue is their own company,organizational commitment fully mediated the effect of ethical leadership on moral imagination;however,when the victim is other company,ethical leadership and organizational commitment hadn't any effect on moral imagination.Those results showed the process that ethical leadership uses to influence moral imagination is not a social learning process but a social exchange process.展开更多
With the rapid development of information technology,the network,as"the fourth media"that college students contact most,has significant impact on the view of life,values and view of the world of college stud...With the rapid development of information technology,the network,as"the fourth media"that college students contact most,has significant impact on the view of life,values and view of the world of college students. Various functions of the network culture also play an important role in the process of moral socialization of college students and in the change of moral cognition,moral emotion and moral will of college students. Thus,we should take full advantage of the multi-function of the network culture,spreading social mainstream values,holding various network moral education activities so as to improve the level of moral sense of college students. This paper attempts to research the influence of network culture from the perspective of moral mentality,starting from the functions of network culture and analyzing the influence of network upon the moral sense of college students,based on which this paper puts forward new concepts and methods of improving the moral education of college students.展开更多
As the outcome of humans' social activities,moral language plays a crucial role in transmitting moral messages among human beings. Furthermore,the cognitive,emotional and w ill factors in its structure are of grea...As the outcome of humans' social activities,moral language plays a crucial role in transmitting moral messages among human beings. Furthermore,the cognitive,emotional and w ill factors in its structure are of great value to the moral subject in its developing process of morality. T he meaning of moral language arises out of particular moral situations and alw ays refers to particular moral situations. C onsequently,only by combining and utilizing specific situations in moral practice,the value of moral language can be realized.展开更多
The moral education of the famous educator and ideologist Xu Heng of the Yuan Dynasty mainly adopts the Neo- Confucianism,and based on naturalness and endowment,he emphasizes the importance of moral education,with the...The moral education of the famous educator and ideologist Xu Heng of the Yuan Dynasty mainly adopts the Neo- Confucianism,and based on naturalness and endowment,he emphasizes the importance of moral education,with the essence of "stressing both ethnics and heavenly principles".As a result,he advocates cultivating one' s own moral character,which bears practical significance for the moral education today.展开更多
基金supported by the Plan Project of Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science(2017BGL014)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71832001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232020B-04,2232018H-07).
文摘Trade credit,as an effective tool for integrating and coordinating material,information,and financial flows in supply chain management,is becoming increasingly widespread.We explore how a manufacturer can design optimal trade credit contracts when a risk-averse retailer hides its sales cost information(adverse selection)and selling effort level(moral hazard).We develop incentive models for a risk-averse supply chain when adverse selection and moral hazard coexist,which are then compared with the results under single information asymmetry(moral hazard).Moreover,we analyze the effects of private information and risk-aversion coefficient on contract parameters,selling effort level and the profit or utility of the supply chain.The study shows that when the degree of retailer’s risk aversion is within a certain range,reasonable trade credit contracts designed by the manufacturer can effectively induce the retailer to report its real sales cost and encourage it to exert appropriate effort.Furthermore,we find that the optimal trade credit period,optimal transfer payment,and retailer’s optimal sales effort level under dual information asymmetry are less than those under single information asymmetry.Numerical analysis are conducted to demonstrate the effects of the parameters on decisions and profits.
基金supported by a grant from the Chinese National Scientific Foundation(71002112,71562017)
文摘Moral imagination is the ability that can help individuals overcome constraints of organizational mental models to develop fresh frameworks and to make ethical decisions on the basis of those frameworks.This study aimed to explore the moderated mediator role of organizational commitment between ethical leadership and moral imagination.Data of 281 employees were collected,and results showed that when the victim of a certain ethical issue is their own company,organizational commitment fully mediated the effect of ethical leadership on moral imagination;however,when the victim is other company,ethical leadership and organizational commitment hadn't any effect on moral imagination.Those results showed the process that ethical leadership uses to influence moral imagination is not a social learning process but a social exchange process.
文摘With the rapid development of information technology,the network,as"the fourth media"that college students contact most,has significant impact on the view of life,values and view of the world of college students. Various functions of the network culture also play an important role in the process of moral socialization of college students and in the change of moral cognition,moral emotion and moral will of college students. Thus,we should take full advantage of the multi-function of the network culture,spreading social mainstream values,holding various network moral education activities so as to improve the level of moral sense of college students. This paper attempts to research the influence of network culture from the perspective of moral mentality,starting from the functions of network culture and analyzing the influence of network upon the moral sense of college students,based on which this paper puts forward new concepts and methods of improving the moral education of college students.
文摘As the outcome of humans' social activities,moral language plays a crucial role in transmitting moral messages among human beings. Furthermore,the cognitive,emotional and w ill factors in its structure are of great value to the moral subject in its developing process of morality. T he meaning of moral language arises out of particular moral situations and alw ays refers to particular moral situations. C onsequently,only by combining and utilizing specific situations in moral practice,the value of moral language can be realized.
文摘The moral education of the famous educator and ideologist Xu Heng of the Yuan Dynasty mainly adopts the Neo- Confucianism,and based on naturalness and endowment,he emphasizes the importance of moral education,with the essence of "stressing both ethnics and heavenly principles".As a result,he advocates cultivating one' s own moral character,which bears practical significance for the moral education today.
